Gyandhara International Academic Publication (GIAP): Journals
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GENERATIVITY AND GREEN PURCHASE BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN AND PRO-SOCIAL ATTITUDE: Generativity, Green Purchase Behaviour
No full textPurpose of the study: This research intends to find out the role of generativity in green purchase behavior. Moreover, the mediating roles of environmental concern and pro-social attitude have also been proposed.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 689 university students given the sensitivity towards the concepts of generativity, environmental concern, pro-social attitude, and green purchase behavior. The model validity was verified by performing the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, to test the hypotheses, hierarchal regression was performed.
Main Findings: Results endorsed the positive impact of generativity concern on green purchase behavior. Additionally, the mediating roles of Environmental concern and pro-social attitude were also verified.
Applications of this study: This study will be very useful for companies that are offering green products/services.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study distinguishes itself from prior studies by adding new predictors to the model of green purchase behavior. Furthermore, this study verifies the role of Environmental concern and Pro-social attitude on the link of GEN-GPB
TEACHERS SELF-EFFICACIOUS, LOCUS OF CONTROL AND WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY BELIEFS BUFFERS THE EFFECTS ON ELEMENTARY STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT SCORES
No full textPurpose of the study: The purpose of the current research was to gauge the effect of teachers self-efficacious, locus of control, and workplace spirituality beliefs on elementary students achievement scores. The researchers are intended to measure the effect of current practices happening in male public sector schools of district Lahore, Punjab-Pakistan.
Methodology: The current research was quantitative in nature, and the researchers used ex post facto design leading to a positivist paradigm. The researchers administered one questionnaire having three parts: i) Henson (1999) Sources of Self-efficacy Inventory; SOSI, ii) Rose and Medway (1981) Locus of Control Scale and, iii) Petchsawang and Duchon (2009) Workplace Spirituality Beliefs Scale whereas authors obtained students achievement scores from office of the Punjab Examination Commission during session 2018-2019.
Main Findings: Results of regression analysis declared that teachers self-efficacious beliefs affect 87.10%, locus of control 58.60%, and workplace spiritual beliefs affect 79.40% on students achievement scores.
Applications of this study: This research is applicable for headteachers and parents that may provide sources and resources for teachers and students to strengthen students idiosyncratic growth and pedagogic success. Findings of the research will applicable for the male teachers working in public sector elementary schools to make their teaching effective, scientific, and logical. Curriculum planners and policymakers revisit official documents to add data about teachers self-efficacious, locus of control, and workplace spirituality beliefs.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Applications of teachers utmost cognitive, social and spiritual potential escort required changes in students holistic growth. Authors have deliberatively identified that self-efficacious, locus of control and workplace spirituality beliefs are teachers considerable hallmarks which facile them towards students didactic success. Authors have significantly contributed in already existing body of knowledge in the field of cognitive and social psychology and spirituality
GENDER EQUALITY IN ISLAM AND GENDER BIASED DISCRIMINATION IN GLOBAL MUSLIM SOCIETIES: ANALYTIC AND CRITICAL EVALUATION
No full textPurpose of the study: The main aim of this study is to stipulate the practical elucidation for the act in spotting sustaining ways of discrimination as well as inequality against the female children, obliterating ways, and practices that are harmful in fulfilling the rights of the females and prescribing an efficient policy for the protection and promotion of these rights.
Methodology: Analytical and critical evaluation techniques have been used in executing this research study. Ongoing gender-based discrimination in societies of Muslim worlds has been analysed through various sources including published journal articles, news articles, and books, etc. These analytical studies are then critically evaluated in the light of the Holy Quran and Sunnah as primary study resources.
Main Findings: Education helps in breaking the model of gender discrimination and creates permanent changes for the females in the developing states inclusive of Pakistan, among others. Pakistan has hardly invested in educational sectors, and specifically in the education of women. The education of girls leads to extensive social changes. Educated females are very significant to terminate this rapidly growing notion of gender discrimination.
Application of study: This study is applicable in the domain of gender studies in the perspective of global Islamic societies, in comprehension of the drawbacks of this norm faced by the societies, and the consequences of gender discrimination.
The novelty of this study: To the best of my knowledge this study explores the concept of gender inequality in the light of the Quran and Sunnah and gender discrimination in the society of Pakistan. Furthermore, it addresses the bill passed by the national assembly of Pakistan in context to the protection of Women’s property rights in 2020 and its religious significances and advantages of observing this bill
COOPERATIVE LEARNING, ACADEMIC, AND SOCIAL GAIN: A STUDY OF MEDIATING ROLE OF TEACHER’S FEEDBACK
No full textPurpose: The study aimed to investigate the scope of cooperative learning (CL) as an alternate of traditional teaching methods in Pakistani classrooms and to examine the direct and indirect relationship between CL and social & academic gains through teacher feedback. The study also intended to survey students' opinions regarding the usefulness of the CL approach and to identify challenges that hindered its implementation at the tertiary level.
Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional and mixed-method (Concurrent Dominant Status (Quan+qual) research design). Qualitative data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) technique, while quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed with the help of mediation analysis using bootstrapping approach.
Results: Findings of Quantitative data analysis proved the significance of Cooperative Learning in terms of academic and social gains. Teachers` feedback had a significant mediating effect on the quality of students` group work. Qualitative data analysis revealed that students had a positive attitude towards the CL approach; however, students had few concerns regarding the group size, time, cohesion, etc. The study proposed using the CL method and teachers` feedback regularly during group assignments to improve students` academic and social gains.
Application of this Study: The findings of the study promote the implementation and use of cooperative learning at the tertiary level in different subjects to increase students` academic gain and social adjustment. As Pakistan is situated in East Asia so in Pakistani teachers should adopt this teaching methodology which supports collectivism rather than individualism.
The novelty of this study: The current study was unique by methodology as well as variables. The researcher adopted a mixed-method concurrent with Dominant Status (Quan+qual) research design. Researchers used teacher feedback as a mediating variable to assess CL's effect on learners' academic gains. Data was collected in three interims during the semester, and group assignments were given to students to intervene feedback with the CL
THE CONTAGION EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CRYPTOCURRENCIES
No full textPurpose of the Study: In this research, the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and cryptocurrencies' price volatility has been examined.
Methodology: To check the contagion effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the price volatility of cryptocurrencies: BITCOIN, LITECOIN, XRP(RIPPLE), and ETHEREUM, the prices of all four are deployed from 10th August 2016 to 10th August 2020. The exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (EGARCH) model is used to check the leverage effect exists or not. Stata 16 has been used to execute all the tests.
Main Findings: The study's findings indicated that the leverage effect on the price volatility is present for LITECOIN, XRP(RIPPLE), and ETHEREUM but not for BITCOIN.
Applications of the study: This study is significant for investors to develop strategies for investments and secure the transactions and control the creation of additional currency units. Also, it gives insight to the policy and decision-makers to articulate proper guidelines to overcome or minimize the effect of COVID-19 on cryptocurrency.
Novelty/Originality of this Study: The motive for taking the crypto market into account is that the crypto market is one of the emerging markets and has started to have significance worldwide, linking with financial markets and economic growth. The leverage effect of COVID-19 is considered in this study as the epidemic has affected the supply and demand of goods due to lockdowns, blockages, and disruptions in delivery chains that lead to undiminished economic growth
THE IMPACT OF CONGRUENCE ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: ASSESSMENT OF HOLLAND THEORY IN NON-WESTERN CULTURE
No full textPurpose of the study: The current study was conducted to investigate Holland's circular order model of interest, congruence between career interest and career aspiration, and congruence impact on students' academic performance in an indigenous context.
Methodology: Data have collected from 669 (356 boys & 313 girls) students studying in grade 10th from 16 high schools, 8 boys school (4 government & 4 private sectors), and 8 girls school (4 government & 4 private sector)-from significant towns of Gilgit division, Pakistan. Career interest was measured using the Urdu version of Career Key (Jones, 2010), students' obtained marks measured academic achievement in the last examination, and career aspirations were assessed by asking about aspired future careers from students. A randomized test of hypothesized order (Hubert & Arabie, 1987) was applied to determine the circular model, congruence was measured using Holland's (1963) first-letter agreement, and academic achievement of congruent, incongruent, and ambivalent groups of students was compared using one-way analysis of variance.
Main Findings: The study's findings revealed that the results did not support Holland's circular order model of interest. The congruence hypothesis was partially funded, and the impact of congruence on academic achievement was fully supported in the present study. Gender differences were found in some career interests as well as in aspired occupations. The findings are discussed in a cultural context.
Applications of this study: The results of the study are applicable and valuable for the educational institutes. In the present study, we have evaluated three assumptions of Holland's theory: circular order model of interest structure, congruence between career aspiration and career interest, and impact of congruence on students' academic achievement.
Novelty: In Pakistan, career success and relevant domains are least explored by researchers. However, it is imperative to provide academic and career counselling services to ensure academic and career success and satisfaction. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess Holland's model of interest, congruence between career aspiration and interest, and its impact on student's academic achievement in Pakistan
A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION OF FRUSTRATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMERGING ADULTS
No full textPurpose: The present study was aimed to explore the phenomena of frustration from the perspective of emerging adults.
Methodology: Qualitative research design was followed in the study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The sample consisted of 69 emerging adults (33 males, 36 females) aged from 18 years to 25 years. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data. The data was collected from different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan; An open-ended questionnaire was developed to explore the concept of frustration for conducting semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data.
Main Findings: Analysis of the transcripts revealed one main theme; emotions related to frustration, and three subthemes; Affective emotions, Cognitive styles, and Behavioral emotions.
Implications/Applications: The current study results highlight the importance of considering how young adults understand their conditions to help them regain functioning status and prevent missed developmental milestones for physicians dealing with emerging adults experiencing frustration. Besides, this research indicates to policymakers that the lack of optimism associated with anxiety disorders and inadequate access to and fragmentation of mental health services can substantially hinder these young adults' capacity to receive consistent, high-quality care.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Many quantitative researches have investigated the reaction to frustration among adolescents. Emotions of frustration are different according to the situation. In literature, no qualitative study found that investigated this phenomenon in emerging adults. So this study was intended to explore the construct of frustration qualitatively
AN ANALYSIS OF LEAKAGE AND INJECTION OF HOUSEHOLDS RELATED TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AND MOBILITY IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
No full textPurpose of the study: This study deals with leakages and injections of households due to socio-economic opportunities and mobility in Central Punjab, Pakistan. During the past few decades, researchers have been trying to analyze the changes caused by mobility in the socio-economic stratification of society over time.
Methodology: For analysis purposes, the study uses primary data collected from the three selected districts of Central Punjab. The study used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for calculating the Socio-economic Status Index (SESI) by assigning the weights to indicators. The sample size is taken from 370 respondents by interviews. The sample size has been determined based on the population of each district, such as rural and urban.
Main Findings: The results show that both creeper and struggling strata experience low mobility because households consider their basic needs highly important. The size of both low strata decreases due to leakages of households; while, the size of other strata increases due to the injection of households from low strata. The logistic regression results show the substantial contribution of both education and occupation in improving the socio-economic status of the households.
Applications of this study: This study can provide guidelines to the policymakers for formulating appropriate policies that are relatively flexible for the middle stratum compared to creeper and ruler strata in Central Punjab.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of the study is that it brings up the true picture of the structure of Central Punjab through estimating the household transformation by using leakage and injection in terms of intra-generational and intra-temporal household mobility. The results of the study can be used to reduce the income inequality in Central Punjab
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF MATERIALISM AND ANTECEDENTS OF BRAND JEALOUSY
No full textPurpose of the study: This study focuses on theorizing and testing new conceptual linkages between various antecedents of brand jealousy grounded in Jealousy theory. This study tested the conceptual linkage for antecedents of brand jealousy such as brand attachment, brand aspiration, and self-esteem with brand jealousy. This study further investigated the moderating role of materialism between antecedents and brand jealousy.
Methodology: Using cross-sectional field data of (N = 512) brand savvy individuals from the cultural context of Pakistan. The data were analyzed using process macros by Hayes.
Major Findings: Results revealed that brand attachment and brand aspiration significantly predicted brand jealousy. At the same time, a negative association of self-esteem with brand jealousy was not proved in the hypothesized direction. Results also revealed that materialism did not moderate between brand attachment and brand jealousy. On the other hand, materialism significantly moderated between brand aspiration and brand jealousy. Similarly, materialism also moderated significantly between self-esteem and brand jealousy.
Implications of the study: This study provides key theoretical and practical insights for marketing scholars, marketers, brand managers, and policymakers. Numerous future research directions are also suggested to help further the field grow in the upcoming era.
Novelty/Originality: This study contributed to the body of knowledge by theorizing and testing several new and unexplored relationships to advance the research in the field of brand jealousy, brand management, and consumer behaviour
A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PARTY LEADERSHIP INFLUENCING VOTING BEHAVIOR IN TRADITIONAL COMMUNITIES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA DISTRICT DIR UPPER
No full textPurpose of the study: Voting Behavior is the combination of social, psychological, and attitudinal factors leading to a vote in an election. Thus, the central aim of the current research study was to analyze the influence of party leadership on voting behavior.
Methodology: Due to the diverse picture of the study area, a multistage stratified sampling technique was used to get more reliable information from 317 sample respondents including (212 males and 105 females). Data was collected through a pre-tested interview schedule; to determine the association between the dependent variable (voting behavior) and independent variable (party leadership) chi-square test was applied.
Main findings: The association of voting behavior was significant between voting behavior and preference of local leaders in the election (P=0.024), leader’s inspiration in voters’ constituency is counted in the electoral process (P=0.011), those leaders who work for public welfare (P=0.000), past performance of the leaders is your major concern (P=0.001), to influence voters by all means (P=0.048), commitment and devotion of the leaders (P=0.040) and dynamic leaders are symbols of development for society (P=0.554).
Applications of this study: Results as a whole indicate a significant role of party leadership in influencing voters. People generally cast vote to candidates who are local, have influence in the constituencies and did public welfare schemes in past and shows commitment and devotion. The findings of the study will be helpful in policymaking.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study attempts to explore new factors that contributed to individual voting behavior. Further, the present paper is unique in the sense that it is based on opinions and responses collected directly from the voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan