Gyandhara International Academic Publication (GIAP): Journals
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PROVIDING A MODEL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE HEALTH IN MINISTRY OF HEALTH (CASE STUDY AT TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES)
No full textPurpose of the study: The current paper seeks to evaluate the feasibility of good governance in the Ministry of Health (Case study at Tehran University of Medical Sciences). In this regard, good governance and providing its requirements including participation, rule of law, transparency, accountability, consensus, fairness, efficiency, and effectiveness.
Methodology: The population of this study were managers at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. According to the characteristics of the population in which the number of employees and experts is unlimited and uncertain, 300 questionnaires were distributed and 267 questionnaires were collected.
Main Findings: The result of the Friedman test for ranking the components of good governance showed that the highest average among good governance factors was related to the resource factor. Structure factors were placed in the second rank and process factors had the last rank among good governance factors.
Applications of this study: The results of this study can be applied in the government's decision and as a result, effective management of policy-making, assistance in the implementation of general policies of the administrative system of the country, achieving the positive consequences of the effective implementation of the country's policy-making management system, helping the growth and development of the organization, managers, and employees of the organization.
Novelty/Originality of this study: According to the studies and archival studies in the field of good governance, the model of good governance in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran has not been worked on before. This can lead to the expansion of knowledge and the production of science
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: ASSOCIATING THINKING STYLE PROFILES AND INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES
No full textPurpose of the study: The study aimed to find the association between teachers' thinking style profile types (TSPT-I, II, and III) instructional practices (IPs) at the secondary school level in Pakistan.
Methodology: The sample of the study was 550 teachers in public sector schools of district Sialkot. Thinking style inventory (TSI-RII) based on a 7-point Likert type scale was used to collect data for the identification of (TS). Frequency distribution and Pearson chi-square were used to analyze the data.
Main Findings: The results revealed that the teachers in (TSPT-I) preferred using Concept Accomplishment, Simulations, cooperative Learning, Homework, and Reinforcement, whereas teachers in (TSPT-II)Rich Vocabulary, Lecturing, Daily Assessment, Concept Accomplishment, and teachers in(TSPT-III)Cooperative Learning, Rich Vocabulary, Reinforcement, Simulations, and Daily Assessment as a set of (IPs).
Application of the study: This study may help the teacher trainers and school principals to understand the thinking styles of the teachers and their preferences for the certain set of instructional practices to focus the preferences of the teachers according to their thinking style profiles to save time and money.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Teacher training programs are conducted on the assumption that all the teachers can be trained uniformly regardless of their preferences for instructional practices. But this study has shown the association between thinking style profiles and set of instructional practices and secondary school level
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF DIGITAL NATIVES
No full textPurpose of the study: The purpose of this research article is to explore how engagement with digital tools affects the health and social well-being of digital natives. The study aims to look into the facts that how youth are getting benefits from this digitalization and how it is also increasing their exposure to the associated health risks.
Methodology: The qualitative research is conducted in three selected universities of Islamabad. Through a closed-ended questionnaire, demographic data about the activities of the youth on digital technology was collected. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation were the core techniques used in the research.
Main Findings: Digital natives have improved awareness about health issues and actively educating the digital immigrants to access knowledge about treatments on various health issues at the local and global levels. The research shows that digital youth do realize that these technologies are leaving some bad effects on their health and well-being yet have not been able to get rid of them because their daily life activities are dependent on these tools.
Applications of this study: The study will be of great significance for the policymakers, who are handling the rising health issues due to digitalization impact in the society. It will be an addition to the knowledge in the disciplines of Public health, Anthropology, and Psychology besides the medical sector. Data will be used to address the health issues in the coming days by the medical professionals and social scientists.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study has generated the information about the impact of digitalization on youth’s health by using the emic approach. Digital technology has taken up the role of socialization agent for the digital natives. So it is very important to listen to the youth's voices rather than assuming what is best for them. This study is novel in the sense that it is reflecting youth and how they perceive the digital technology as a beneficial tool and how it risks their life in many ways
MORTUARY RITES IN COVID-19: MOURNING & BURIAL RITES OF MIGRANTS IN NORTHERN PUNJAB
No full textPurpose of the study: This study aims to highlight how death serves as a central feature of social ties among the natives of Northern Punjab. Death is a great leveller and one of the most curious aspects of human cognition. Bereavement follows the terminal rites de passage; the transition of the deceased from this world to the other world.
Methodology: By using an inductive approach, the ethnographic account of the most significant rite of passage; death was gathered. The primary data is based on case-based narratives and empirical findings gathered during in-depth interviews and participant observation at the locale. A total of thirteen cases of death migrants are discussed in this paper.
Main Findings: The findings reveal the social pressures the family of the deceased encountered in the pre and post-death phase both in the country of origin and in the country of destination, how horrors of COVID-19 infection kept the entire bereaved families at a halt to decide their funerary rituals, pandemic’s effect on the body’s postmortem clearance and death certificate, arrangement for the morgue and grave while the decision of burial was in process, familial politics engaged in decision making, the journey back to the native soil, the burial, mourning, condolence and bereavement rituals of Potohar.
Applications of this study: This paper solely focuses on the death rituals of migrants from the Northern Punjab region in COVID-19. The study provides an understanding of the religio-cultural rituals and their transformation in the global pandemic.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The researcher has prepared an account of the death rituals based on the close observations and in-depth insights during the mortuary rites of migrants who expired during the pandemic COVID-19 during doctoral research. No such research has been carried out in Potohar (Northern Punjab) in this context
CAMERA EAT FIRST: TOURIST MOTIVATION IN SHARING FOOD PHOTOGRAPH ON INSTAGRAM
No full textPurpose of the study: Uploading food photos on social media has become a phenomenon among tourists during culinary tours. This phenomenon is increasingly developing into a hobby, namely distributing the art of food photography which is also supported by the development of increasingly sophisticated camera features on smartphones. The purpose of this study is to analyze the motivation of tourists in uploading food photos on Instagram.
Methodology: This research method is descriptive quantitative, and the data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires and literature studies. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling, namely random sampling. The number of respondents in this study was 103 people, and the data analysis technique used descriptive statistics.
Main Findings: This study's theoretical implication shows that the sequence of tourists' motivation to upload food photos on social media is capture togetherness as a realization of the social life of tourists, promotion, food documentation, food art, relaxation, reference, and existence.
Applications of this study: Knowing tourists' motivation can provide an overview of current culinary tourism behavior and can be used as suggestions for culinary businesses in designing marketing strategies. The practical implications are suggestions for culinary entrepreneurs to increase their activity and social media interaction as a marketing effort.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is original, and this is the first study that analyzing tourist motivations in sharing food photographs on Instagram. This is new because most studies are mostly done in general consumers, while the context of this study is on culinary tourism
INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL: A STUDY OF STUDENTS’ BELIEFS
No full textPurpose of the study: The current study explored a possible association between students’ beliefs about their intelligence and academic achievement and compared gender differences in terms of these two variables.
Methodology: The sample of the study comprised of four hundred and fifty (male and female) MSc mathematics students, randomly selected from seven public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A scale developed by Dweck (1999) was adapted to collect data for this study. Academic achievement was measured through students’ previous examination scores.
Findings: Findings of the study showed that male students believed more in ‘incremental’ intelligence and had significantly higher academic achievement as compared to their female counterparts. A significant relationship was found between students’ beliefs in ‘incremental’ intelligence and their academic achievement.
Applications of the study: The study has important implications for teachers and academics in the subjects of science and mathematics. This study also has implications for policies planners and administration in terms of developing an understanding regarding the role of students’ beliefs about intelligence and academic achievement. The study could lead to new thinking about ways to work on the beliefs of students that could result in better academic achievement.
The novelty of this study: The study could also lead to further studies regarding the role of gender in affecting incremental beliefs and academic achievement
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL JUSTICE ON JOB PERFORMANCE AND OCB OF EMPLOYEES: PATH THROUGH WORK ENGAGEMENT
No full textPurpose of the study: The study intends to find the interaction of Performance Appraisal Justice (PAJ) and work engagement (WE) to predict employee job performance (JP) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) under the umbrella of fairness heuristic theory (JHT) and social exchange theory (SET).
Methodology: Hypotheses testing was done using linear regression data on the data set of 325 respondents. The results are significant and indicated that Justice in the performance appraisal system is positively related to employee outcomes (OCB and job performance) with mediating effect of work engagement.
Main Findings: Interaction between exogenous, endogenous, and intervening variables suggests that there is a positive relationship between PAJ and WE and WE mediate the relationship between PAJ and OCB and PAJ JP. In the organizational setting of Pakistan, this study addresses PAJ and its important outcomes which are beneficial for the organization’s effective outcomes.
Applications of this study: This study throws light on the management, organizational, and administrative sciences literature, especially the human resource, organizations, and industrial behavior perspective. Administrators and human resource managers can apply the findings of this study. The study can be applied to both the public and private sectors.
Originality/Novelty: Pakistani organizations have high collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and power distance, centralization, bureaucracy, and authority in organizations. Therefore, this study has proved some prominent outcomes as compared to countries with a more constant climate. The study sheds light on very important aspects of workplace behavior such as justice, work engagement, OCB, and performance with a particular focus on developing countries. 
FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ REFLECTIONS ON THEIR SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL FUTURE IN PAKISTAN
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of female university students about their social and educational careers and factors that may promote or hinder their efforts to achieve their targets.
Method: Mixed method research design was followed to achieve the research objectives. Three thousand female university students were selected following a multiphase sampling technique to participate in the close-ended questionnaire that was used to collect the quantitative data in the first phase of data collection. Forty female students were randomly selected from the already selected pool of students in the second phase of data collection. An interview schedule was used to collect qualitative data from these 40 students. The qualitative data were analyzed with the help of NVivo following a thematic analysis approach
Main Findings: The results showed that the female university students are ready to move forward in their education and contribute effectively in the social spheres of life. Various educational, social, academic, and financial factors that hinder achieving their goals are also identified.
Applications of the Study: The results help to make educational activities more systematic, modern, and target-oriented.
Novelty/Originality of the Study: The activity contributes to identifying solutions to problems that are associated with the female students’ empowerment and engagement in social and economic activities
INFLUENCE OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS AND CONSUMPTION ON ASSET PRICING: CCAPM APPROACH
No full textPurpose of the study: This study examines the influence of investment decisions and consumption on asset pricing from 1980 to 2016.
Methodology: This study has used a quantitative research design and a secondary source is deployed to collect data from 1980 to 2016. The data was gathered from Saint Louis Fed, whereas Standard and Poor’s 500 (S&P 500 index at a closing price of the first day of the month) was from Yahoo Finance. The software used for the data analysis was R Studio and statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model Fitting and Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM) Fitting was performed to examine the influence of investment decisions and consumption on asset pricing.
Main Findings: The finding of the study shows that Personal Consumption Expenditures: Nondurable Goods (PCE): Nondurable goods, (PCEN) and 1-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate (GS1) jointly accounted for about 7.9% of the variance observable in excess return SP500. Furthermore, independently, GS1 (annualized 1-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate) was significant while PCE (Personal Consumption Expenditures: Nondurable Goods) and PCEN: Nondurable goods were insignificant.
The implication of the Study: The current study is useful for investors and especially fund managers across the globe to determine what return they expect on their investment for putting their capital at risk on it.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Studies have been conducted to analyze the impact of investment decision based on the CAPM model, whereas this study introduces the influence of investment decisions and consumption on asset pricing by deploying the CCAPM approach which is an extension of the capital asset pricing model that uses a consumption beta instead of a market beta to explain expected return premiums over the risk-free rate
THE COMBINED EFFECT OF ISLAMIC WORK ETHICS, HIGH-PERFORMANCE WORK PRACTICE, AND PROJECT GOVERNANCE ON PROJECT SUCCESS
No full textPurpose: This study aims to observe the effect of religion-based work ethics, i.e., Islamic work ethics (IWE) and High-performance work practices (HPWP), on the success of projects in the development sector of Pakistan. Further, the study proposes project governance as a moderator between IWE, HPWP, and project success.
Methodology: This is a quantitative study and used a convenience sampling technique to collect the data. The data was collected from the project-based organization in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, and Muzaffarabad, and 239 questionnaires were circulated to the employees of project-based organizations. For data analysis, SPSS was used.
Results: Results indicate that IWE and HPWP significantly contribute towards project success. Likewise, the results of moderated regression analysis show that project governance enhances the positive relationship between IWE, HPWP, and project success. These results have been discussed.
Practical Implications: The results carry significant implications for managers of project-based organizations. Our results point towards the importance of work ethics, high-performance work practices, and governance mechanisms towards the success of projects. Managers should thus be vigilant toward these mechanisms.
Originality: The contribution of this study is that first time we see the impact of Islamic work ethics on project success. Islamic work Ethics is an essential and worthwhile concern for an organization because it allows employees to work honestly and ethically to achieve project success