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Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Berdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan Ayah
Full text linkThe background in this study is based on the observations of researchers at SMA Negeri 1 Merangin, based on the data on the educational level of fathers of class XI MIPA students who are very diverse where the percentages for elementary school/equivalent are 7.79%, junior high school/equivalent 12.98%, high school/equivalent 56.49% and the tertiary level 22.72%. However, with the father's education level still elementary/equivalent and junior high/equivalent, this does not make the student's mathematics learning outcomes low either. This study aims to determine the difference in the level of father's education on the students' mathematics learning outcomes carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Merangin. This study is a population study using ex-post facto research methods. The total population in this study amounted to 154 students. Data collection techniques using documentation. Based on the results of the study using the Oneway Anova test, the significance value of students' mathematics learning outcomes was sig = 0.808, at a significance level of = 0.05. Because the value of sig = 0.808 > = 0.05 so H0 is accepted. It can be concluded that there is no difference in students' mathematics learning outcomes based on the father's education level in the elementary, middle and high categories in class XI MIPA at SMA Negeri 1 Merangin. Latar belakang pada penelitian ini didasari oleh hasil observasi peneliti di SMA Negeri 1 Merangin, berdasarkan data tingkat pendidikan ayah siswa kelas XI MIPA sangat beragam dimana diperoleh pesentase untuk tingkat SD/sederejat sebesar 7.79%, SMP/sederajat 12.98%, SMA/sederajat 56.49% dan tingkat perguruan tinggi 22.72%. Namun dengan masih adanya tingkat pendidikan ayah SD/sederajat dan SMP/sederajat, hal tersebut tidak menjadikan hasil belajar matematika siswa tersebut rendah pula. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedan tingkat pendidikan ayah terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Merangin. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian populasi yang menggunakan metode penelitian ex-post facto. Jumlah populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 154 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Oneway Anova diperoleh nilai signifikansi hasil belajar matematika siswa sebesar sig = 0.808, pada taraf signifikansi α = 0.05. Karena nilai sig = 0.808 > α = 0.05 sehingga H0 diterima. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan ayah kategori dasar menengah dan tinggi di kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Merangin
Tathwir Manahij Al-Darama fi Baramij Ta’lim Al-Lughah Al-Arabiya li An-Nathiqiin bi Ghairiha
Full text linkThat the planning of the language curriculum in educational programs is very accurate, where the language curriculum focuses on identifying the knowledge and values learned by the learner, in order to achieve the educational outputs aimed at by the designers of the curriculum, and in view of the Arabic language curricula provided to non-Arabic students we find it suffers from a huge lack of development, and is based on the traditional objectives that cause boredom and aversion to the Arabic language, and now we have modern methods based on appropriate perceptions of the nature of the era and the nature of the learners. Themselves and there is no doubt that drama and its treatment in the linguistic curriculum is attractive for learners, and how to employ drama in Arabic language programs is one of the new forms in the introduction of the language curriculum, the curriculum on how to plan for teaching and learning and measuring educational systems and evaluating them. This study will address the design of dramatic courses, curriculum development, analysis of the needs of students in universities or schools and contextual factors that are seen when planning the language program A large number of students sit in classrooms to master a language, and they make a great effort, and many curriculum designers and teachers spend a lot of time preparing a course, teaching the language in the classroom. In light of this, there are educational principles on which the process of preparing a curriculum, and values that reflect these elements in education, review these processes in cash and study, and the development of the language curriculum needs some processes to develop it, lies in the procedures used in determining the content of the language program, the needs of learners and updating them, contextual factors when stitching a language program, knowledge of general and private objectives, teaching and development and measuring the effectiveness of the language program.أن تخطيط المناهج اللغوبة فى البرامج التعليمية يعد أمر دقيق للغاية ، حيث تركز المناهج اللغوية على تحديد المعارف والقيم التى يتعلمها الدارس ،من أجل تحقيق النواتج التعليمية التى يهدف إليها من قبل المصممين للمناهج ،وبالنظر إلى مناهج اللغة العربية المقدمة إلى االطلاب الناطقين بغير العربية نجدها تعانى من نقص هائل فى التطوير ،وتستند إلى الاهداف التقليدية التى تسبب الملل والنفور من اللغة العربية ،وأصبخ الآن من الضرورى أن نصمم مناهج مبنية على تصورات عصرية ملائمة لطبيعة العصر وطبيعة الدارسين أنفسهم ولا شك أن الدراما ومعالجتها فى المناهج التعليمية اللغوية أمر جذاب بالنسبة للدارسين ،وكيفية توظيف الدراما فى برامج اللغة العربية يعد من الأشكال الجديدة فى طرح المناهج اللغوية فالمنهج على كيفية التخطيط للتعليم والتعلم وقياس الأنظمة التعليمية وتقويمها. وهذه الدراسة سوف تتناول تصميم المقررات الدرامية وتطوير المناهج، وتحليل حاجات الدارسين في الجامعات أو المدارس والعوامل السياقية التي ينظر إليها عند تخطيط البرنامج اللغوي والمتعلقة بالمجتمع والمؤسسة التعليمية، وأهدافه وأنواعه، وتطويره، والقضايا التي تختار في تصميم المواد التدريسية وقياس فعالية البرنامج اللغوي المعد عبر تخطيط الغايات ونواتج التعلم. وكذلك تتناول تصميم المقررات وتخطيط الدورات، وأهمية المواد التدريسية وتصميميها، ثم أخيرا أنواع التقويم المستخدمة، ستتناول هذه الورقة البحثية بالوصف والتحليل الإجراءات التي تستخدم لتحديد محتوى برنامج دراسي لغوي مبنى على الدراما، وبيان حاجات الدارسين وتحديدها، ثم العوامل السياقية المتبعة عند تخطيط منهج لغوي، والأهداف العامة والخاصة في التدريب وكيف يمكن تطويرها، والعوامل التي يتضمنها اختيار المواد الدراسية وتكيفها وتصميمها، وأخيرا كيفية قياس فعالية البرنامج اللغوي وذلك من خلال رؤية شاملة حيث أشتملت الورقة البحثة على مقدمة تهئ للتطوير المناهج اللغوية ومفهوم الدراما التعليمية ،ثم يبدأ الفصل الأول بمفهوم المنهج الدرامى والدراما التعليمية ،وأصول ومبادئ تطوير المنهج اللغوى وكيفية تصميم المنهج اللغوى ،ثم يبدا الفصل الثانى بتصور مقترح عن المنهج الدرامى للغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها ، مدخلاته ومخرجاته ،وكيفية إعداد المنهج المعتمد على نصوص دراما ومدعمة بمرئيات تساعد الطلاب على تنمية مهارات اللغة الأربعة ( الاستماع – التحدث - القراءة - الكتابة.
Ta’tsir Kafaah Mu’allimiy Al Lughah Al ‘Arabiyyah fi Natiijah Maharah Al Kitabah Ladaa Thalabah Al Madaaris Al Tsanawiyyah Al Islamiyyah Al Hukumiyyah bi Mujukirtu
Full text linkTeachers are the heart of an education, which through their abilities will be born a young generation who is ready to become a reliable national cadre in all fields. Every teacher is required to have competence in accordance with National Education Standards because teacher competence is considered to have an effect on student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of: 1.The influence of pedagogical competence 2.The Influence of the Personality Competence. 3.The influence of Social Competence. 4.The influence of Professional Competence of Arabic Language Teachers on the learning outcomes of students' writing skills at MAN Mojokerto. This study uses a quantitative research design. The data analysis model used is Simple Linear Regression with the help of the IBM SPSS 22 application. The results of this study indicate that: 1.The pedagogic competence is in the good category with a significance = 0.001. The magnitude of the influence of teacher pedagogic competence is 65.4% affecting the learning outcomes of writing skills, while the rest is influenced by other factors. 2. Personality competence is good with a significance = 0.021. The magnitude of the teacher's personality competence 43% affects the learning outcomes of writing skills, while the rest is influenced by other factors. 3. Social competence is good with a significance = 0.004. The magnitude of the teacher's personality competence 57.9% affects the learning outcomes of writing skills, while the rest is influenced by other factors. 4. The professional competence is good with a significance = 0.003. The ratio of teachers' professional skills is 60.1% which affects the learning outcomes of writing skills, while the rest is influenced by other factors.The formal findings of this study are: Teacher competence has an effect on student learning outcomes. Simultaneously, the influence of pedagogic, personality, social, and professional competence is significant on student learning outcomes in writing skills. This means that if teacher competence increases, it will be followed by increased student learning outcomes. Or vice versa if teacher competence decreases, student learning outcomes will also decrease.إن المعلمين قلب التعليم، وبقدراتهم يمكن أن يطبع جيل الشباب كادر الأمة الموثوقة في جميع المجالات. فيجب أن يكون كل معلم مؤهلًا بالكفاءة وفقًا لمعايير التعليم الوطنية ، لأن كفاءة المعلم تعتبر ذات تأثير على نتيجة تعلم الطلبة. والغرض من هذا البحث هو لقياس: 1. تأثير الكفاءة التعليمية 2. تأثير الكفاءة الشخصية 3. تأثير الكفاءة الاجتماعية 4. تأثير الكفاءة المهنية لمعلمي اللغة العربية في نتيجة تعلم مهارة الكتابة لدى الطلبة في المدارس الثانوية الإسلامية بموجوكرتو. تستخدم هذه الدراسة تصميم بحث كمي. وأسلوب تحليل البيانات المستخدم هو الانحدار الخطي البسيط بمساعدة تطبيق IBM SPSS 22. ونتائج هذه الدراسة إلى ما يلي: 1. الكفاءة التعليمية في فئة جيدة مع أهمية = 0.001 وحجم تأثير الكفاءة التعليمية للمعلمين 65.4٪ تؤثر على نتيجة تعلم مهارة الكتابة بينما تتأثر الباقية بعوامل أخرى 2. الكفاءة الشخصية جيدة مع دلالة = 0.021. يؤثر حجم كفاءة شخصية المعلمين 43٪ على نتيجة تعلم مهارة الكتابة، بينما يتأثر الباقي بعوامل أخرى.3 . الكفاءة الاجتماعية جيدة مع دلالة = 0.004 حجم كفاءة شخصية المعلمين 57.9٪ تؤثر على نتيجة تعلم مهارة الكتابة ، بينما يتأثر الباقي بعوامل أخرى 4. الكفاءة المهنية جيد مع دلالة = 0.003. نسبة المهارة المهنية للمعلمين 60.1٪ مما يؤثر على نتائج تعلم مهارة الكتابة، بينما يتأثر الباقي بعوامل أخرى. والنتائج الرسمية لهذه الدراسة هي كفاءة المعلمين لها تأثير على نتائج تعلم الطلبة. وهناك تأثير كبير على الكفاءة التعليمية والشخصية والاجتماعية والمهنية لمعلمي اللغة العربية على نتائج تعلم مهارة الكتابة لدی الطلبة. وهذا يعني أنه في حالة زيادة كفاءة المعلمين، فسوف يتبع ذلك زيادة في نتائج تعلم الطلبة، أو العكس إذا انخفضت كفاءة المعلمين، فسوف تنخفض أيضًا نتائج تعلم الطلبة.
Hadiths About Marriage in Legal Reasoning Judges of Religious Courts in West Sumatra: Living Hadith Studies
No full textThis study aims to clarify and examine the pattern of the hadith narrations regarding marriage that are cited, authenticated, and validated in the legal reasoning of religious court judges' rulings. This study is a library study that takes the form of a written living hadith. By using the takhrij al-hadith approach, the hadith's veracity is confirmed, and its applicability is assessed using the perspectives and techniques of hadith experts. Inductive techniques are then used to process the outcomes. Two methods of citing hadith history were discovered via the research: using a template application and directly citing the hadith book. Only five of the 22 cases in the subfield of marriage, including marital dispensation, wali 'adhal, divorce, determining the parentage of the kid and determining the child's adoption, and Itsbat of marriage, include hadith citations. The five examples pertain to seven hadith histories that fit the criteria for Prophet Saw's hadiths. Four are fully cited with sanad and rawi, two are only stated with sanads that differ from rawi, and one is quoted without sanad and rawi (divorce case). Although it does not have legal implications that lead to the annulment of the judge's decision, the condition of the absence of quoting hadith as one of the legal considerations in copies of the decisions of cases shows the lack of authority of decisions that characterize Religious Courts
The Effect of Muri-Q Method on the Ability of Tahfizh al-Qur’an in Early Childhood
No full textThere are various methods that educators can use to improve the ability of tahfizh al-Qur'an of the children in their early childhood. One of them is Muri-Q method. This study aims to determine whether Muri-Q method's effect on the ability of tahfizh al-Qur'an and how significant its effect on the ability of tahfizh al-Qur'an of the children in their early childhood at TKQ Kharisma Haramain Sukoharjo, Central Java. The research method used was descriptive quantitative with a correlational design. The data colletion techniques used were by conducting pre-test and post-test, observation, and interviews. The population in this study was all students at TKQ Kharisma Haramain. The research subjects were 20 students of class B at TKQ Kharisma Haramain. The research data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 28 application. The analysis method used was t-test with a significance level of <0.001. The result of the data analysis was that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. Therefore, it can be concluded that Muri-Q method affected children’s tahfizh al-Qur’an ability at TKQ Kharisma Haramain
Design of RT/RW Portal Public Service Applications to Build a Technology Literate Society in the Era of Society 5.0
No full textThe role of RT/RW administrators is not only as administrative public servants but also as a servant to the interests of the wider community. Therefore, their role needs to be optimized so that the aspirations of the citizens can be accommodated. However, the large area and dense population often make RT/RW administrators constrained in accelerating access to services and increasing the effectiveness of their activities. The role of information technology is very important, considering that the use of technology has been proven to be successful in improving public services. The utilization of an existing information system is not necessarily in accordance with the needs and related regional policies. In this study, the development of a system adapted to the needs and regional policies, especially in Sekeloa Village, Coblong District, Bandung City was carried out. An RT/RW Portal application was produced which has five main features, namely reporting events, invitations to activities, voting, transparency of funds, and printing reports. This application development method uses the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) method with stages of data requirements analysis, software design and design, application development (programming) and application testing before being implemented in RT-RW. The results obtained are in the form of an RW portal application that can assist the function and role of the RT/RW both in administrative management, as well as the dissemination of information in the form of news on activities surrounding the RT/RW. The conclusion is that the API of this application can be developed to build mobile.
Pemberdayaan Profesi Hakim pada Kompetensi Lulusan Fakultas Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi Pasca Perubahan Gelar Akademik
No full textPeraturan Menteri Agama RI No. 33 tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Gelar akademik di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam, khususnya gelar akademik sarjana Fakultas Syariah yang berubah dari Sarjana Hukum Islam (SHI) menjadi Sarjana Hukum (SH) dianggap dapat menghapus dikotomi dan diskriminasi lulusan hal kesempatan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui persepsi pengguna yaitu Pengadilan agama terhadap lulusan Fakultas Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi, dan respon Pengadilan Negeri terhadap perubahan gelar akdemik lulusan syariah. Penelitian ini juga akan mengungkap tentang strategi yang dilakukan Fakultas Syariah dalam menyikapi perubahan gelar tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah wawancara dan observasi pada kedua lembaga peradilan tersebut. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa pihak Pengadilan agama menilai alumni Fakultas Syariah telah kompeten untuk menjadi Hakim dan setuju dengan perubahan gelar akademik lulusan Fakultas Syariah. Selanjutnya pihak Pengadilan Negeri memberikan respon positif terhadap perubahan gelar akademik tersebut, asal diikuti dengan peningkatan kemampuan dan kecakapan dari mahasiswa. Strategi Fakultas Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi adalah melakukan kembali peninjauan kurikulum secara perodik untuk penyesuaian dengan perubahan yang terjadi sebagai bentuk respon dari pengguna. Kementerian Agama RI dan Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam perlu proaktif untuk mensosialisasikan regulasi ini sehingga menjadi fungsional dan aplikati
Ta'ṡīr al-Wasīlah at-Taʿlīmiyyah at-Tafāʿuliyyah fī Tarqiyah Mafhūm at-Tarākīb an-Naḥwiyyah
No full textThe problems in this research are that the students lack enthusiasm in learning grammatical structures, and the teacher did not use excellent and engaging learning media. So the students got bored and did not understand grammatical structures except a little, and most of them still felt that grammatical structures were the most challenging lesson. The research aims to show the use of interactive learning media in upgrading the concept of grammatical structures for the eighth-grade students at the Governmental Islamic Middle School 6 Agam. The writer used experiment research to consider the effect of interactive learning media on understanding grammatical structures. The population in this research is all eighth-grade students in the Governmental Islamic Middle School 6 Agam. The eighth grade consists of seven classes, and the writer takes the sample by Purposive Sampling. The research tools are observation, interview, and test. The research analysis used the t-test rule. The mean score for the post-test in the experimental class is 67,12. The mean score for the post-test in the control class is 60,44. The writer found that the result of the t count (2,049) and the t table (1,670), so the impact of the t count is more significant than the result of the t table. The difference between them means 0.379. The writer takes the conclusion that there is an effect of the interactive learning media in upgrading the concept of grammatical structures for the eighth-grade students at the Governmental Islamic Middle School 6 Agam.المشكلات في هذا البحث أنه قلة الحماس لدى الطلاب في تعلم التراكيب النحوية، ولم تستخدم المعلّمة الوسائل التعليمية الجيدة والممتعة، حتى يمل الطلاب ولم يفهموا التراكيب النحوية إلا قليلا ومعظمهم لا يزالون ويشعرون أن التراكيب النحوية أصعب الدرس. أما أغراض البحث هي لبيان استعمال الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية في ترقية مفهوم التراكيب النحوية لطلاب الفصل الثامن بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 6 آغام. استعملت الكاتبة البحث التجريبي لتنظر تأثير الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية على فهم التراكيب النحوية. والمجتمع في هذا البحث هو كل طلاب الفصل الثامن في المدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 6 آغام. والفصل الثامن يتركب إلى سبعة فصول، وتأخذ الكاتبة العينة بطريقة Purposive Sampling. أما أدوات البحث هي الملاحظة والمقابلة والاختبار. واستعمال تحليل البحث قاعدة اختبار "ت". النتيجة المتوسطة للاختبار البعدي في الفصل التجريبي هي 67،12. أما النتيجة المتوسطة للاختبار البعدي في الفصل الضابط هي 60،44. ووجدت الكاتبة أن نتيجة تاء الحساب (2،049) وتاء الجدول (1،670) فنتيجة تاء الحساب أكبر من نتيجة تاء الجدول. الفرق بينهما يعني 0،379. وتأخذ الكاتبة الخلاصة بأن يوجد تأثير الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية في ترقية مفهوم التراكيب النحوية لطلاب الفصل الثامن بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 6 آغام
Al-Qur’an in View of Theology Kalam Maturidiah and Shi'ah
No full textAl-Qur'an is the holy book from Allah to the Prophet Muhammad and as proof of his prophethood. In Islam, the science that discusses the problem of divinity is studied in the science of kalam, which in its development emerged several theologies with different understandings, including Maturidiyah and Shi'ism. This study tries to find Maturidiyah and Shia views on the Qur'an. By using theological and textual approaches, the researcher explores the views of the two schools of thought on the Qur'an. Based on the results of the deductive analysis, it is concluded that Maturidiyah Samarkand distinguishes the kalam lafdzi and nafsiy of the Qur'an. This is because the Qur'an is an arrangement of letters and sounds, so it is lafdzi while nafsiy is an abstract word and cannot be detected through the human senses. Maturidiyah Bukhara views the Qur'an as not kalamullah (the nature of God), but kalamullah in the majazi sense. The Shia have a different view, namely the belief that the Qur'an in today's era is fake and not mutawatir. It is hoped that through this paper, it can increase people's faith in Allah swt and expand knowledge related to currents in the science of kalam. Al-Qur'an adalah kitab suci dari Allah kepada Nabi Muhammad saw sekaligus sebagai bukti kenabiannya. Dalam Islam, ilmu yang membahas masalah ketuhanan dipelajari dalam ilmu kalam, yang dalam perkembangannya muncul beberapa teologi dengan pemahaman yang berbeda-beda, di antaranya Maturidiyah dan Syi'ah. Kajian ini mencoba menemukan pandangan Maturidiyah dan Syiah terhadap Al-Qur'an. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan teologis dan tekstual, peneliti menggali pandangan kedua mazhab tersebut terhadap al-Qur'an. Berdasarkan hasil analisis deduktif, disimpulkan bahwa Maturidiyah Samarkand membedakan kalam lafdzi dan nafsiy al-Qur'an. Hal ini karena Al-Qur'an merupakan susunan huruf dan bunyi, sehingga bersifat lafdzi sedangkan nafsiy merupakan kata yang abstrak dan tidak dapat dideteksi melalui indera manusia. Maturidiyah Bukhara memandang al-Qur'an bukan kalamullah (sifat Tuhan), melainkan kalamullah dalam pengertian majazi. Syi'ah memiliki pandangan yang berbeda, yaitu keyakinan bahwa Al-Qur'an di era sekarang ini palsu dan tidak mutawatir. Diharapkan melalui makalah ini dapat meningkatkan keimanan masyarakat kepada Allah swt dan memperluas pengetahuan terkait arus dalam ilmu kalam
Analysis of Stock Valuations in Estimating Stock Prices in the Covid-19 Period And Investment Decision
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine whether the intrinsic value of the stock is in undervalued, overvalued, and fair-valued conditions. Quantitative research methods were applied to eleven companies listed on ISSI, mainly Telecommunication, Pharmaceutical, and Finance companies. Based on the use of the PER and PBV methods and the results of the independent sample T-Test test, it was revealed that there is a significant difference between the average results of PER and PBV stock valuations. Through PER, 5 companies have shares with undervalued price conditions, namely TLKM, KAEF, KLBF, PYFA, and SIDO and 6 shares are in overvalued price conditions, namely ISAT, DVLA, MERK, TSPC, BRIS, and BTPS. Based on the use of the PBV method, 5 companies have shares with undervalued price conditions , namely DVLA, KAEF, KLBF, MERK, and SIDO, 6 companies are in overvalued price conditions, namely ISAT, TLKM, PYFA, BRIS, BTPS, and TSPC, and 6 companies with the same conditions using PER and PBV, namely KAEF, KLBF, SIDO, TSPC, BRIS and BTPSTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai intrinsic saham apakah berada pada kondisi undervalued, overvalued, dan fairvalued. Metode penelitian kuantitatif diterapkan pada 11 perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam subsektor Telekomunikasi, Farmasi, dan Keuangan yang tergabung dalam ISSI. Berdasarkan penggunaan melalui metode PER dan PBV didapatkan hasil uji independent sample t-test sebesar 0,032 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima artinya bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara rata-rata hasil valuasi saham PER dan PBV. Root Mean Square Error digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesalahan didapatkan bahwa nilai RMSE PER (1786) < PBV (1935) artinya metode PER lebih baik dibandingkan PBV karena memiliki tingkat kesalahan lebih kecil. Melaui PER didapatkan 5 perusahaan memiliki saham dengan kondisi harga undervalued yaitu TLKM, KAEF, KLBF, PYFA, dan SIDO dan 6 saham berada dalam kondisi harga overvalued yaitu ISAT, DVLA, MERK, TSPC, BRIS, dan BTPS. Berdasarkan penggunaan metode PBV didapatkan 5 perusahaan memiliki saham dengan kondisi harga undervalued yaitu DVLA,