e-Journal IAIN Bukittinggi (Institut Agama Islam Negeri)
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KONSEP ADIL DALAM HUKUM WARIS ISLAM
Get PDFThe science which is lost first among muslim community is the knowledge of inheritance as Rasulullah had been explained. Moreover, there are some efforts to destroy the inheritance law arrangement in islam. By the opinion that the division of inheritance that for son is equal with two daughters is a form of injustice toward woman. Therefore, it is allowed to create modification for Islamic inheritance law. This paper tries to explain the justice concept in Islamic inheritance law. By the conclusion that, First ; the definition of Islamic inheritance law has to follow the determination by Allah SWT and it does not mean that equal division is equal quantity. Second; in the case of inheritance division in islam, it contains the universal justice according to theology, economic and social
UMAR BIN ABDUL AZIS: ZAMAN KEEMASAN ISLAM MASA DINASTI UMAYYAH
No full textThe Umayyad dynasty was approximately 91 years old, with 14 leading caliphs. The reign of Umar ibn Azis was regarded as the golden age of the regime, as many of the policies he had done, and that had been prosperity for the people. Different from the governments of the other caliphs, regarded by most historians as the caliphs who made the people in misery. For this, the article aims to analyze the glory achieved by Umar ibn Azis in the reign of the Umayyad dynasty. The methods used are historical research methods, ranging from source search (heuristics) that are limited to historical books in libraries, then criticism of Sember (internal and external criticism), verification and Last is historiography. From the research conducted it can be shown that during the reign of the caliph Umar ibn Abdul Aziz who did not have a long time to print the history of the glorious civilization, both in terms of the knowledge and life level of society that has been able to enjoy Prosperous life is safe and peaceful. The Baitul Mal by the previous Umayyad caliphs was used as a sovereign or property that is free to be spent by the Palace families. It is different in the time of the end of the Umar because at the time of his treasure Baitul Mal made As the people's. Umar bin Abdul Aziz was also very attentive to the hadith as a source of teaching both Islamic teachings. He issued adequate funds to record the hadith to be registered and documented well and neatly and made a scientific reference in religious studies and Islamic legal studies. Not only the hadith that received attention, but the science of interpretation, history, and politics is also recorded. In terms of the expansion of the territory of Islam, very few wars in his time because in the development of Islam is more lively by using the advice that is full of wisdom so that many people enter Islam. Thus the reign of the caliphate of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, which was the Golden age for the Umayyad dynasty
KAJIAN TENTANG KEDUDUKAN AGUNAN DALAM AKAD PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH PADA BANK SYARIAH
No full textAbstractThe purpose of this research is to examine the position of collateral in the mudharabah financing contract in Islamic banking. The type of research used is normative research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The sources of legal material in this study are from primary legal material and secondary legal material. The results of the analysis of this study are that the collateral position in the mudharabah contract in Islamic banking is different from the position of collateral in conventional banking, collateral in conventional banking functions as guarantor of the debts that occur between creditors and debtors. While the function of collateral in the mudharabah agreement on Islamic banking is to ensure the implementation of the mudharabah agreement in accordance with the agreement made in the beginning of the agreement between capital owners and business manager. So, the purpose of collateral in mudharabah contract is to avoid bad moral of business manager and not to return the investment value if there is a loss due to business risk factors.Keywords: Position; Collateral; Mudharabah; Islamic BankAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kedudukan agunan dalam akad pembiayaan mudharabah pada perbankan syariah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini adalah dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini adalah kedudukan agunan pada akad mudharabah di perbankan syariah berbeda dengan kedudukan agunan pada perbankan konvensional, agunan pada perbankan konvensional berfungsi sebagai penjamin atas utang-piutang yang terjadi antara kreditur dengan debitur. Sedangkan fungsi agunan dalam akad mudharabah pada perbankan syariah adalah untuk menjamin terlaksananya akad mudharabah sesuai dengan kesepakatan yang telah dibuat diawal perjanjian antara shahib al-maal dengan mudharib. Jadi, tujuan agunan dalam akad mudharabah adalah untuk menghindari moral jelek mudharib dan bukan untuk mengembalikan nilai investasi jika terjadi kerugian karena faktor risiko bisnis.Kata kunci: Kedudukan; Agunan; Mudharabah; Bank Syaria
HUKUM ISLAM DALAM KERANGKA PEMBARUAN HUKUM PIDANA DI INDONESIA, DILIHAT DARI PERSPEKTIF TEORI HUKUM PEMBANGUNAN MOCHTAR KUSUMAATMADJA
No full textDevelopment Law Theory refers to the life view (way of life) of Indonesian society based on the principle of Pancasila which encourages kinship then to norms, principles, institutions and rules. Updating laws is part of and at the same time implements punishment. Islamic Judicial Law, specifically concerning Role Law, stoning law for adulterers, as well as qishash, often gets a sharp spotlight from Non-Islamic societies such as Orientalists, as well as research, principles, legal laws and others required in the substance of the Criminal Code, actually regulated and applied in Islamic Law. On the other hand Islamic law in transition is not as rigid as imagined by Orientalists, but is instead flexible and can be used as a source of renewal of the National Criminal Law
The Islamic Fundamentalism Based on Karen Armstrong's Perspective and Its Implications for The Identification of Fundamentalism Groups in Indonesia
No full textOne of the developments at the end of the twentieth century was the emergence of a militant piety popularly called "fundamentalism" in each religious tradition. This term was also used to indicate a new movement in the Islamic revival. Karen Armstrong stated three characteristics of the fundamentalism movement, including Islamic fundamentalism. First, the movements of ideology and theology came of the fear. Second, these movements were not old things, but they were modern, innovative and modernizing movements. Third, the fundamentalism groups had a textual understanding of religion. Armstrong's perspective on Islamic fundamentalism had implications for the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) and the Indonesian Mujahidin Council (MMI) which could be identified as Islamic fundamentalism groups in Indonesia. The mainspring of the emergence of FPI and MMI was as the response (read: fear) to foreign forces that threatened and made Muslims suffered for a long time. The forms of movements and actions of FPI and MMI were so organized and used the spirit of the masses to respond to actual problems in the community that were sometimes missed by the authorities. As well as the interpretation of the concept of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar was promoted by FPI and the affirmation of MMI related to the prohibition on the use of logical reasoning in text interpretation. Those facts made these two groups legitimate as fundamentalism groups within the framework of Karen Armstong's analysis. Salah satu perkembangan pada akhir abad kedua puluh adalah munculnya di setiap tradisi agama sebuah kesalehan militan yang secara populer disebut “fundamentalisme”. Istilah ini juga dipakai untuk menunjukkan sebuah gerakan baru dalam kebangkitan Islam. Karen Armstrong membuat tiga karakteristik gerakan fundamentalisme, termasuk di dalamnya fundamentalisme Islam. Pertama, ideologi dan teologi gerakan ini berakar dari ketakutan. Kedua, gerakan-gerakan ini bukanlah sebuah hal kuno yang datang dari masa lampau, mereka adalah gerakan modern, inovatif dan memodernkan. Ketiga, kelompok fundamentalisme memiliki pemahaman agama secara tekstual. Perspektif Armstrong tentang fundamentalisme Islam ini berimplikasi pada Front Pembela Islam (FPI) dan Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia (MMI) yang dapat diidentifikasi sebagai kelompok fundamentalisme Islam di Indonesia. Raison d’etre FPI dan MMI yang hadir sebagai respon (baca: ketakutan) atas kekuatan-kekuatan asing yang mengancam dan membuat umat Islam mengalami penderitaan panjang; bentuk pergerakan dan aksi FPI dan MMI yang begitu terorganisir dan menggunakan semangat massa untuk merespon permasalahan-permasalahan aktual di masyarakat yang terkadang luput oleh aparat; serta penafsiran konsep amar ma’ruf nahi munkar yang diusung oleh FPI dan penegasan MMI terkait larangan penggunaan nalar dalam interpretasi teks, membuat kedua kelompok ini sah sebagai kelompok fundamentalisme dalam kerangka analisis Karen Armstong
The Role of Prophet Muhammad on Women Emancipation in Mecca Period
No full textIslam as one of the religions in the world has several types of social interaction. The way of interaction is called silaturahmi, one of the most pivotal topics in it is communication among Moslem start from Prophet Muhammad spread the Islamic values including in terms of social treatment to others. This article focuses on Prophet Muhammad endeavor for women’s emancipation, the struggle begins with the Mecca period until he died. The studying aim is to find out in-depth the prophet Muhammad method and the impact of a social system in there. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research expected to be able to reveal qualitative information with description-analysis using the strategy used in this research is a case study. The result indicates the guidance and awareness of women emancipation through the prophet Muhammad strategies pose a huge impact on belief in improving women position in society using the thoughts of feelings and actions in accordance with the teachings of religion in the context of Islam the teachings of revealed Book “ the Quran and the Sunnah”.Islam sebagai salah satu agama yang memiliki beberapa tipe interaksi sosial. Cara interaksi tersebut dikenal dengan istilah silaturahmi, salah satu topik paling utama di dalam komunikasi antara muslim dimulai semenjak Nabi Muhammad menyebarkan nilai keislaman termasuk dalam hal perlakuan sosial kepada orang lain. Artikel ini fokus kepada upaya Nabi Muhammad dalam emansipasi perempuan, usaha tersebut dimulai pada periode Mekah hingga ia meninggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami metode Nabi Muhammad dan dampaknya terhadap sistem sosial pada masa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang diharapkan mampu untuk mengungkap informasi kualitatif dengan analisa deskriptif menggunakan cara studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bimbingan dan kepedulian terhadap emansipasi perempuan melalui strategi Nabi Muhammad memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam peningkatan posisi perempuan di dalam masyarakat menggunakan pemikiran dan tindakan yang sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam yaitu “Al-Quran dan Sunnah”
CHALLENGES TO THE ENACTMENT OF THE ELIMINATION OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE BILL
Get PDFIndonesia currently has only one criminal law, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP), which was enacted and inherited from our colonial government. There has been an effort to amend this law but up until now the amendment of this law is not enacted yet. In this law, there are only two types of sexual violence which have legal protection: rape and sexual molestation (pencabulan), while in the current reality, based on the reported cases to partners of Komnas Perempuan from 2001-2011, there are 15 types of sexual violence; and the number of sexual violence cases has been increasing. As a result, it is difficult for victims of the 15 types of sexual violence to have legal protection. This shows the existing hole in the lex generalis KUHP, which needs to be filled in by lex specialis law which specifically addresses sexual violence. Based on the need for legal protection for victims of various types of sexual violence and to protect women’s human rights, Komnas Perempuan and her partners have drafted the Elimination of Sexual Violence Bill since 2014. This Bill has become one of the priorities of the national legislation program since 2016, after the incidence of a gang rape to a school age child in Bengkulu. However, up until the end of September 2019, this Bill was not enacted yet. In addition, there has been currently opposition to this Bill from the conservative group, accusing that this Bill legalizes zina (extra marital sexual relationship) and LGBT. This paper aims at elaborating the background, aims, contents and challenges to the enactment of the Elimination of Sexual Violence Bill. I will argue that this Bill offers both procedural and substantive justice for women and the marginalized groups, the majority victims of sexual violence
Relasi Agama dan Negara dalam Gerakan Keagamaan Baru: Studi Kasus Komunitas Here Krisna Yogyakarta
Get PDFThis study aims to see and analyze the relationship between religion and the state towards the Here Krisna sect as a spiritual movement found in Hinduism. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The problem in this study is whether there is a religious politics that occurs in Hinduism and how the relationship between religion and the state. In this regard, the points that will be elaborated by researchers include the background of the emergence of Here Krishna, the teachings conveyed, the vision of transformation, religious politics, and the relationship between religion and the state. The research results obtained that the emergence of the Here Krina stream does not become a problem for the PHDI because its existence does not make people uneasy about Hindus in general, as well as the relationship between religion and state philosophically the first precepts that read the Almighty God is based as a philosophical basis for national life and state. From the results of this study it can be understood that the Here Krisna stream can exist because it is based on Hinduism, which is an official religion and its social norms do not interfere with social life and its teachings do not conflict with the ideology of the nation as the basis of the state
Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) dan Bahasa Inggris: Meninjau Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah dalam Menghadapi MEA
Get PDFASEAN Economic Community (AEC) has been popular since 2016. Therefore, many preparations have already been done by all sectors to makeup this free market. Europe Economic Community has preceeded the famous of AEC. Thus, related to readiness, this article aimed at finding out the alertness that the third semester of Syariah Banking students of IAIN Bukittinggi have already prepared, especially their English ability to struggle with other country in ASEAN. The data of this research was gotten and analyzed quantitatively, by distributing questionnaire to the third semester of Syariah Banking students of IAIN Bukittinggi. The finding showed that the students had not been able to compete with other nations in ASEAN country since English did not become the important lesson for them and it was strengthen the curriculum of syariah banking does support students’ opportunity to learn English more. Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) sudah booming dari awal tahun 2016 yang lalu. Sehingga sudah banyak persiapan yang dilakukan oleh semua sektor untuk menghadapi pasar bebas ini. Ketenaran istilah ini sebelumnya telah didahului oleh pasar bebas di Eropa atau lebih dikenal Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa (MEE). Terkait dengan persiapan, maka tulisan bertujuan untuk melihat persiapan yang telah dilakukan oleh mahasiswa semester III Perbankan Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi, khususnya tentang kemampuan bahasa Inggris mereka dalam rangka kesiapan mahasiswa dalam bersaing dengan bangsa yang ada di ASEAN. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dan diolah secara kuantitatif, yaitu dengan menyebarkan angket kepada mahasiswa semester III Perbankan Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan bahasa Inggris mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah belum mampu bersaing dengan bangsa lain yang tercakup dalam negara ASEAN
Pengaruh Financial Sustainability Terhadap Jangkauan BPR Syariah Di Propinsi Sumatera Barat
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the effect of Financial Sustainability as proxied by CAR, FDR, ROA, ROE, NOM and BOPO on the outreach of BPR Syariah that are proxied by the number of financing customers in West Sumatra Province. The study population was all BPR Syariah in the Province of West Sumatra, the research sample was taken using purposive sampling technique to obtain a sample of 6 companies. The data analysis technique used is the panel data regression method which is a combination of cross section data and time series data using STATA 13 software. While testing the hypothesis using the GLS model with a significance level of 5%. The results of the analysis showed that partially the FDR and ROA variables had a significant effect on increasing outreach while the other variables had no significant effect on the outreach of BPR Syariah in West Sumatra Province. Financial Sustainability has a significant simultaneous effect on the outreach of Sharia Rural Banks in West Sumatra Province. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Financial Sustainability yang diproksikan oleh CAR, FDR, ROA, ROE, NOM dan BOPO terhadap jangkauan BPR Syariah yang diproksikan dengan jumlah nasabah pembiayaan di Propinsi Sumatera Barat. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh BPR Syariah yang ada di Propinsi Sumatera Barat, sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 6 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode regresi data panel yang merupakan gabungan dari data cross section dan data time series dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak STATA 13. Sedangkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan model GLS dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan secara parsial variable FDR dan ROA memilik ipengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan jangkauan sedangkan variable lainnya berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap jangkauan BPR Syariah di Propinsi Sumatera Barat. Financial Sustainability memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan terhadap jangkauan BPR Syariah di Propinsi Sumatera Bara