UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Walisongo Journals
Not a member yet
5477 research outputs found
Sort by
Islamic communication strategies of mediators at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah in mediating divorce cases
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic communication strategies by mediators at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah (Sharia Court) of Bireuen Regency, Indonesia, in mediating divorce petition cases. The background of this research lies in the high number of divorce cases filed annually, while the mediation success rate remains relatively low. The study employs a qualitative approach through field research. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with the Chief Judge of the Mahkamah Syar’iyah and mediator judges, supported by the examination of official court documents. The findings reveal that although Islamic communication principles, such as hikmah (wisdom), mau’izhah hasanah (good counsel), and mujadalah billati hiya ahsan (best form of debate), have been incorporated into the mediation process, their implementation still faces significant challenges, including limited human resources, the absence of specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and the diverse socio-cultural backgrounds of the parties involved. Nevertheless, Islamic communication strategies have proven effective in fostering constructive dialogue, promoting mutual respect, and offering fair solutions aligned with Islamic law. The study recommends enhancing mediator capacity, strengthening technical regulations, and developing standardized procedures to improve mediation success rates in the future.
*****
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi komunikasi Islami yang diterapkan oleh mediator di Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kabupaten Bireuen, Indonesia, dalam memediasi pasangan yang mengajukan gugat cerai. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah tingginya jumlah perkara perceraian yang masuk setiap tahun, sementara tingkat keberhasilan mediasi relatif rendah. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode penelitian lapangan (field research). Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan Ketua Mahkamah Syar’iyah dan para hakim mediator, serta didukung oleh telaah dokumen resmi pengadilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun prinsip-prinsip komunikasi Islami seperti hikmah, mau’izhah hasanah, dan mujadalah billati hiya ahsan telah diupayakan untuk diimplementasikan, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan, termasuk keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, belum adanya SOP khusus, serta perbedaan latar belakang sosial-budaya para pihak. Namun demikian, strategi komunikasi Islami terbukti berkontribusi dalam membangun dialog yang konstruktif, menumbuhkan rasa saling menghormati, serta memberikan alternatif solusi yang lebih berkeadilan dan sesuai syariat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan kapasitas mediator, penguatan regulasi teknis, dan pengembangan prosedur baku guna mengoptimalkan keberhasilan mediasi di masa mendatang.
Development of Bioinformatics Based E-Magazine for Medical Biotechnology Learning: a Case Study of In Silico Research Project
Full text linkThe rapid development of technology has led to digitalization in various fields, including education. In higher education, students are required to master technology according to their field of expertise. One of the technological applications for biology students is bioinformatics, which can be integrated into medical biotechnology learning through relevant media. This study aims to develop a bioinformatics-based e-magazine as a supporting medium for medical biotechnology learning. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The needs analysis involved 66 students, with all participants (100%) agreeing on the importance of developing a bioinformatics e-magazine. The e-magazine design was developed by incorporating the in silico research results of Moringa oleifera leaf compounds as potential agents against lung cancer. Expert validation showed feasibility scores of 91.25% (material) and 85.7% (media), both categorized as very valid. The practicality assessment by users obtained an average score of 89.8% (very practical). Meanwhile, the effectiveness test yielded an average N-Gain score of 0.9 (medium improvement) with an N-Gain percentage of 59.71% (fairly effective). Therefore, the bioinformatics e-magazine can be categorized as feasible, practical, and effective to support medical biotechnology learning
Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Legal and Ethical Challenges in Regulating Autonomous Defense Systems
Full text linkThe emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in autonomous cybersecurity defense systems has created a profound regulatory and ethical. Current doctrines of responsibility, which center on the role of humans, are insufficient to regulate AI systems that act independently, particularly in the context of cross-border cyber incidents. This study uses a normative and comparative legal approach, examining regulatory frameworks such as the EU AI Act and Russian cyber law to assess the consequences of legal fragmentation and weak international harmonization. It shows that outdated laws do not adequately cover all aspects of fault, transparency, and fairness in AI-supported online security. The paper suggests granting legal status to computer programs and establishing ways for people to engage in the process, in addition to examining how these algorithms affect us, as a means of ensuring that they are accountable. This two-pronged approach integrates fairness, transparency, and proportionality into AI governance, while strengthening ethical oversight. Further study recommends a proportional division of responsibility among developers, distributors, and regulators, as well as international harmonization to prevent regulatory arbitrage. By integrating conceptual and practical insights, this research advances anticipatory and ethics-based governance to ensure that AI-based cybersecurity systems operate effectively while upholding human rights and global security.
Kemunculan kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam sistem pertahanan keamanan siber otonom menciptakan kekosongan regulasi dan etika. Doktrin tanggung jawab yang berpusat pada peran manusia, tidak memadai untuk mengatur sistem AI yang bertindak secara independen, terutama dalam konteks insiden siber lintas batas. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dan komparatif, mengkaji kerangka regulasi seperti undang-undang AI Uni Eropa dan hukum siber Rusia untuk menilai konsekuensi fragmentasi hukum dan harmonisasi internasional yang lemah. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa undang-undang yang sudah ketinggalan zaman tidak mencakup semua aspek kesalahan, transparansi, dan keadilan dalam keamanan daring yang didukung AI secara memadai. Penelitian ini menyarankan pemberian status hukum kepada program komputer dan menetapkan cara bagi orang-orang untuk terlibat dalam prosesnya, selain mengkaji bagaimana algoritma ini memengaruhi kita, sebagai cara untuk memastikan akuntabilitasnya. Pendekatan bercabang dua ini mengintegrasikan keadilan, transparansi, dan proporsional ke dalam tata kelola AI, sekaligus memperkuat pengawasan etika. Studi lebih lanjut merekomendasikan pembagian tanggung jawab yang proporsional antara pengembang, distributor, dan regulator, serta harmonisasi internasional untuk mencegah arbitrase regulasi. Dengan mengintegrasikan wawasan konseptual dan praktis, penelitian ini memajukan tata kelola antisipatif dan berbasis etika untuk memastikan bahwa sistem keamanan siber berbasis AI beroperasi secara efektif sambil menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia dan keamanan global.
Keywords: AI governance; legal liability; cybersecurity ethics
Conceptual Criticism of Ombudsprudence in Indonesia and the Development of Good Ombudsnorm for Public Service Provision
Full text linkIn practice, Ombudsprudence is a collection of jurisprudence that highlights the success stories of recommendations issued by the Ombudsman. Consequently, the law's desired consistency and unity in handling maladministration cannot be effectively realized. The Ombudsprudence did not encourage the Ombudsman to consider previous recommendations in similar cases. This was a factor in the failure to achieve the ethics, fairness, and propriety recommended by the Ombudsman. This article aims to critique the adoption of Ombudsprudence in Indonesia. In addition, it seeks to purify the concept of Ombudsprudence to make it a tool for realising ombudsnorm and good administrative norms in public services. This article employs a non-doctrinal approach by collecting data through literature studies and interviews. The findings indicate that Ombudsprudence has been misinterpreted as merely a success story in case handling by the Ombudsman, which deviates from the basic idea and original concept in the Netherlands. In fact, the Ombudsman has established non-legal norms; however, misconceptions have led to its neglect as an ombudsman norm. Therefore, it is necessary to purify the concept by examining the indicators proposed by Langbroek and Rijpkema, so that Ombudsprudence aims to establish ombudsnorms in the form of norms of propriety produced by the Ombudsman, directed at creating good administrative norms as standards for exemplary public service in Indonesia.
Ombudsprudensi dalam praktiknya merupakan kumpulan yurisprudensi yang menyoroti kisah sukses rekomendasi yang dikeluarkan oleh Ombudsman. Akibatnya, konsistensi dan kesatuan hukum yang diharapkan dalam menangani maladministrasi tidak dapat terwujud secara efektif. Ombudsprudensi tidak mendorong Ombudsman untuk mempertimbangkan rekomendasi sebelumnya dalam kasus serupa. Hal ini menjadi faktor kegagalan dalam mencapai etika, keadilan, dan kepatutan yang direkomendasikan oleh Ombudsman. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkritisi penerapan Ombudsprudensi di Indonesia. Selain itu, artikel ini juga berupaya untuk memurnikan konsep Ombudsprudensi agar dapat menjadi alat untuk mewujudkan 'ombudsnorm' dan norma administrasi yang baik dalam pelayanan publik. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan non-doktrinal dengan mengumpulkan data melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ombudsprudensi telah disalahartikan hanya sebagai kisah sukses dalam penanganan perkara oleh Ombudsman, yang menyimpang dari gagasan dasar dan konsep awal tentang Ombudsprudence di Belanda. Faktanya, Ombudsman telah menetapkan norma-norma non-hukum dan kesalahpahaman tersebut telah menyebabkan Ombudsprudensi diabaikan sebagai norma Ombudsman. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pemurnian konsep tersebut dengan mengkaji indikator-indikator yang diajukan oleh Langbroek dan Rijpkema, sehingga Ombudsprudensi bertujuan untuk menetapkan norma-norma Ombudsman yang berisi norma-norma kepatutan dan diarahkan untuk menciptakan norma-norma administrasi yang baik sebagai standar pelayanan publik yang patut dicontoh di Indonesia.
Keywords: Ombudsman; Ombudsnorm; Ombudsprudence; Good Administration Norm
Limitations in Business Judgement Rule: PT Pertamina, The United States and Australia Comparison
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the application of the Business Judgment Rule (BJR) in the case of PT Pertamina and compare its practice in Indonesia, the United States, and Australia. BJR is a legal doctrine that protects the direction from personal liability for company losses; all business decisions are taken in good faith, with prudence, without conflict of interest, and in the interests of the company. The case of PT Pertamina, related to the investment in the Australian BMG Block, is the focus of the study. The Supreme Court acquitted PT Pertamina (Karen Agustiawan) because the loss was considered a normal business risk, not a state financial loss. Using a normative juridical approach through literature study, the study analyzes the limitations of the application of BJR in third countries. In the United States, BJR applies strict standards through the duty of care and duty of loyalty based on the Model Business Corporations Act. Australia regulates BJR comprehensively in the Corporations Act 2001 with four absolute conditions, including protection in force majeure conditions and a safe harbor mechanism. This comparison emphasizes the importance of clear boundaries to balance legal protection and accountability, especially in the context of state-owned enterprises that are vulnerable to being permitted. The study concluded that BJR is not absolute immunity but rather conditional protection that must be expressly regulated within the legal framework and corporate governance to encourage sound and responsible business decisions.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji penerapan Business Judgment Rule (BJR) dalam kasus PT Pertamina dan membandingkan praktiknya di Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Australia. BJR merupakan doktrin hukum yang melindungi direksi dari pertanggungjawaban pribadi atas kerugian perusahaan, sepanjang keputusan bisnis diambil dengan itikad baik, kehati-hatian, tanpa benturan kepentingan, dan demi kepentingan perseroan. Kasus PT Pertamina terkait investasi Blok BMG Australia menjadi fokus kajian. Mahkamah Agung membebaskan PT Pertamina (Karen Agustiawan) karena kerugian dianggap sebagai risiko bisnis wajar, bukan kerugian riil keuangan negara. Dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui studi kepustakaan, penelitian menganalisis batasan penerapan BJR di ketiga negara. Di Amerika Serikat, BJR menerapkan standar ketat melalui duty of care dan duty of loyalty berdasarkan Model Business Corporate Act. Australia mengatur BJR secara komprehensif dalam Corporations Act 2001 dengan empat syarat mutlak, mencakup perlindungan dalam kondisi force majeure dan mekanisme safe harbour. mengatur BJR secara komprehensif dalam Corporations Act 2001 dengan empat syarat mutlak, mencakup perlindungan dalam kondisi force majeure dan mekanisme safe harbour, melainkan perlindungan bersyarat yang harus diatur secara tegas dalam kerangka hukum dan tata kelola perusahaan guna mendorong keputusan bisnis yang tepat dan bertanggung jawab.
Keywords: Business Judgment Rule; Directors; PT Pertamina
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Huruf Menggunakan Metode Bermain Kartu Kata pada Anak Usia Dini di Kelompok B TK Nuris Lambara
Full text link: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan metode bermain kartu kata dapat meningkatkan kemampuan anak dalam mengenal huruf. Metode penelitian menggunakan tindakan kelas yang mengacu pada model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK Nuris Lambara Kecamatan Tawaeli dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 15 orang anak terdiri dari 7 orang anak perempuan dan 8 orang anak laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan metode bermain kartu kata terbukti efektif dalam menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar anak. Melalui metode ini, anak-anak menjadi lebih aktif terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran yang pada akhirnya mempercepat pemahaman mereka terhadap bentuk dan bunyi huruf. Peningkatan kemampuan tersebut tercermin dari hasil evaluasi pada setiap siklus tindakan, di mana persentase anak yang mencapai indikator keberhasilan dalam pengenalan huruf menunjukkan peningkatan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media kartu kata dapat meningkatkan kemampuan anak dalam mengenal huruf di kelompok B TK Nuris Lambara Kecamatan Tawaeli
Tahapan Penggunaan Digital Flashcard untuk Pengenalan Literasi Awal pada Anak Usia Dini
Full text linkPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan media digital pada pembelajaran di jenjang pendidikan anak usia dini. Tujuannya yaitu untuk mengetahui tahapan dari penggunaan media Digital Flashcarddalam pengenalan literasi pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kelompok A dengan usia 4-5 tahun yang terdiri dari 18 siswa di salah satu TK di Kecamatan Purwakarta dan 2 guru kelas pada kelompok A. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, dan wawancara. Data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis dengan analisis tematik melalui enam tahapan, diantara tahap pengenalan data, tahap perolehan kode awal, tahap pencarian tema, tahap peninjauan tema, tahap penamaan tema, dan tahap penulisan. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa penggunaan media digital flashcard ini perlu melalui beberapa tahapan, di antaranya tahap pengenalan, tahap penjelasan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap mengajukan pertanyaan, dan tahap pemberian reward. Tahapan tersebut dapat membuat pembelajaran lebih terarah, bermakna dan membuat anak lebih tertarik. Artikel ini dapat menjadi panduan bagi guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis digital
Optimization of Document Management to Improve Services for Prospective Hajj Pilgrims at the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office In Bukittinggi City
Full text linkThis research is motivated by the existence of problems in the mechanism of optimizing the management of Hajj registration documents which are sometimes hampered by the network, and the lack of knowledge of prospective pilgrims in the Hajj registration process so that errors in the Pilgrim's data often occur. This study aims to study how to optimize the document management process as a service provided to prospective pilgrims and the relationship between the document management process and the services provided to prospective pilgrims. This study uses a qualitative research approach. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data comes from employees of the Hajj and Umrah Organizers of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Bukittinggi City and is obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research obtained by the author indicate that the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Bukittinggi City has managed Hajj documents effectively and efficiently according to the optimization theory by Poerwadarminta. Document management is carried out well using an IT-based system in its management, and continues to make optimization efforts in managing Hajj documents so that Hajj document management services run optimally. And the management of Hajj documents is included in the services for Hajj pilgrims because in its implementation, services are provided in the form of verbal, written and deeds which are applied very well by Hajj officers
Analyst of The Balance Between Sharia Principles and The Performance of Sharia Mutual Funds in Indonesia: A Perspective of Sharia Economic Law
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the balance between the application of sharia principles and the performance of sharia mutual funds in Indonesia from the perspective of sharia economic law. In the context of the Islamic capital market, Islamic mutual funds are not only required to achieve competitive financial performance, but must also uphold sharia principles such as the halalness of the portfolio, the involvement of the Sharia Supervisory Board, and the fulfillment of the principles of fairness and transparency. This study uses a qualitative approach with a normative-empirical method. Data was obtained through the study of documents, regulations, and interviews with capital market practitioners and relevant authorities. The results of the study show that although most sharia mutual funds have followed the formal sharia provisions set by DSN-MUI and OJK, there are dynamics in management practices that show a tension between profitability orientation and commitment to sharia principles.
Legal and Regulatory Challenges in the Implementation of Blockchain-Based Waqf in Indonesia
Full text linkThis research aims to identify and analyze legal and regulatory challenges in the implementation of blockchain technology-based waqf in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach through case studies, data was obtained through in-depth interviews with Islamic financial regulators, academics in the field of law and technology, and digital waqf practitioners. This study also examines legal documentation and observations on digital waqf platforms that have implemented blockchain systems, such as Dompet Dhuafa and Waqf Chain. The results of the study show that the main obstacles lie in the absence of regulations that specifically regulate the use of smart contracts and digitization of waqf assets, doubts about sharia compliance, and low technological literacy among nazhir and the community. These findings indicate the need to strengthen legal and regulatory frameworks that are adaptive to technological developments, as well as to increase the capacity of waqf actors through training and socialization. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of synergy between legal authorities, waqf institutions, and technology developers to create a digital waqf ecosystem that is safe, transparent, and in accordance with sharia principles.