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Energy Efficiency Analysis Using Pinch Technology in the Preliminary Design of a Nitromethane Plant from Nitric Acid and Methane
Get PDFThe production process of nitromethane through vapor phase nitration reaction between nitric acid and methane is a highly energy-intensive process requiring heating at high temperatures up to 653 K. The significant dependence on external utilities results in high operational costs and carbon emissions, necessitating energy system optimization to enhance efficiency and product competitiveness. This study aims to analyze energy efficiency in the preliminary design of a 25,000 tons per year nitromethane plant using pinch technology to determine minimum energy requirements and design an optimal Heat Exchanger Network. The pinch analysis method was applied by extracting process stream data including mass flow rate, heat capacity, inlet and outlet temperatures from four main heat exchanger units. The analysis was conducted using problem table, composite curve, and grid diagram with a ΔTmin value of 10 K. The analysis results show that the system requires a minimum hot utility of 798.418 kW and cold utility of 1,925.67 kW with a pinch temperature at 308 K. The optimal Heat Exchanger Network configuration successfully reduced the furnace load to 313.303 kW through internal heat integration, utilizing sensible heat from high-temperature reactor products for feed preheating. The implementation of pinch technology in this system has the potential to generate significant energy savings compared to conventional design, while contributing to CO₂ emission reduction and enhancing sustainability of chemical industrial processes
Production of Analog Rice from Mocaf and Soybean-Based Flours for Food Diversification: A Review
Get PDFThis systematic review examines the production of analog rice made from Modified Cassava Flour (Mocaf) and soybean flour as part of national food diversification efforts. Through a systematic literature search conducted across Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the SINTA database (2013–2025), this review identifies key findings on formulation strategies, extrusion processing, and nutritional characteristics. Previous studies indicate that mocaf–soy analog rice exhibits higher protein content (8–12%), improved fiber levels, and a lower glycemic index compared to white rice. The synergy between mocaf as a carbohydrate matrix and soybean flour as a protein fortifier produces analog rice with enhanced functional and nutritional value. These findings highlight the potential of mocaf–soy analog rice as a sustainable staple alternative supporting food diversification and national food security
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Produktivitas Kerja Pada Pekerja Perawatan dan Pemeliharaan Kereta Api Tahun 2025
No full textAbstractWork productivity is an important indicator for assessing workers' ability to complete tasks effectively and efficiently. For railway maintenance workers, productivity is often influenced by the burden of physical activity such as painting, washing, and welding, as well as the adequacy of rest and hydration conditions. Based on a review of previous similar studies, a research gap was found in the form of a lack of studies specifically analyzing the relationship between physical activity, rest, and hydration with productivity in certain work units. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity, rest adequacy, and dehydration with work productivity in railway maintenance workers. The study used a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample determination in this study was carried out using a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling approach, based on the inclusion criteria that had been determined by the researcher, 25 railway maintenance and care workers were obtained. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 60% of respondents had poor physical activity, 68% had low rest adequacy, and 12% were dehydrated. No significant relationship was found between these three variables and work productivity (p > 0.05). Thus, physical activity, rest, and dehydration are not related to work productivity, which is likely influenced by other factors such as motivation, work environment, and workload.Keywords: physical activity, rest, dehydration, work productivity.AbstrakProduktivitas kerja merupakan indikator penting untuk menilai kemampuan pekerja dalam menyelesaikan tugas secara efektif dan efisien. Pada pekerja perawatan dan pemeliharaan kereta api, produktivitas sering dipengaruhi oleh beban aktivitas fisik seperti pengecatan, pencucian, dan pengelasan, serta kecukupan istirahat dan kondisi hidrasi. Berdasarkan penelusuran terhadap penelitian serupa terdahulu, ditemukan gap penelitian berupa minimnya kajian yang secara khusus menganalisis hubungan antara aktivitas fisik, istirahat, dan hidrasi dengan produktivitas kerja pada unit kerja tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik, kecukupan istirahat, dan dehidrasi dengan produktivitas kerja pada pekerja perawatan dan pemeliharaan kereta api. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan pendekatan purposive sampling, berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang telah ditetapkan peneliti diperoleh sebanyak 25 pekerja perawatan dan pemeliharaan kereta api. Analisis data ini dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 60% responden memiliki aktivitas fisik buruk, 68% memiliki kecukupan istirahat rendah, dan 12% mengalami dehidrasi. Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan ketiga variabel tersebut dengan produktivitas kerja pekerja (p > 0,05). Maka, aktivitas fisik, istirahat, dan dehidrasi tidak berhubungan dengan produktivitas kerja, yang kemungkinan dipengaruhi faktor lain seperti motivasi, lingkungan kerja, dan beban pekerjaan.Kata kunci: aktivitas fisik, istirahat, dehidrasi, produktivitas kerja
Dehumanisasi dan Krisis Kesadaran Hukum di Era Industri Modern: Kajian Sosiologis atas Hilangnya Moralitas dalam Relasi Produksi
Get PDFThe development of modern industrialization has created new tensions in the social structure, which have weakened human values and the moral legitimacy of law. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dehumanization in production relations and the crisis of legal consciousness, as well as to identify the sociological roots of the loss of morality in legal practice in the modern industrial era. This research is useful in enriching the study of legal sociology and providing a conceptual basis for strengthening the humanistic approach in legal policy and education. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach, analyzing both classical and contemporary theories, as well as secondary data from books and national and international journals related to industrialization, dehumanization, and the transformation of legal consciousness. The findings reveal that the transition from mechanical to organic solidarity has shifted the orientation of law toward a more instrumental and formalistic character. Consequently, law has lost its moral essence and its function as a social balancer, being replaced by the logic of productivity and efficiency that generates anomie and weakens the fulfillment of humanistic values within production relations. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of rehumanizing the law through ethics-based legal education, strengthening community participation in the formation and implementation of law, and promoting legal policies that balance economic interests with social justice and human dignity. The recommendation is that it is very important to implement the concept of legal rehumanization based on social solidarity as a transformative solution to the crisis of moral legitimacy in law in the modern industrial era
REALIZING THE ACTIVE ROLE OF YOUTH IN INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH CO-PRODUCTION: A STUDY OF THE SAMIN COMMUNITY IN JEPANG HAMLET, MARGOMULYO, BOJONEGORO REGENCY
No full textInclusive development encompasses social, environmental, and current generational development (Gupta et al., 2015). In this effort, all community groups must be actively involved, including youth within Indigenous communities. The Samin community is an Indigenous group whose principles support inclusive development. However, the role of youth in this context remains underexplored and requires further investigation. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to examine the role of youth in promoting inclusive development within the Samin Indigenous community. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The findings revealed that youth participation in inclusive development remains limited. Consequently, strategic measures are needed to raise awareness among elders to involve youth, the presence of the Samin Cultural Gallery as a learning resource, and expanded networks to strengthen governance and tourism management, which positively affects the local econom
Analisis Peningkatan Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Publik bagi Penyandang Disabilitas di Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the improvement of accessibility and public services for people with disabilities in Indonesia, focusing on policies and their implementation across various public sectors. People with disabilities often face barriers in accessing adequate public services, necessitating a more inclusive and responsive approach to meet their needs. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, utilizing literature review techniques to examine relevant literature and policies. Secondary data is collected from journals, books, and official government documents that discuss accessibility and public services for people with disabilities. The findings indicate that, despite efforts to improve accessibility through the enactment of Government Regulation (PP) No. 70 of 2019 and Law No. 8 of 2016, the implementation of these policies in the field still faces several challenges, such as inadequate infrastructure and a lack of public awareness. The study concludes that stronger synergy between the government, private institutions, and society is needed to ensure the rights of people with disabilities to access public services are fully realized
INOVASI PEMBIAYAAN KOLABORATIF DALAM PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH BANTARAN SUNGAI DI KAMPUNG MOJO SURAKARTA
Get PDFPembiayaan dalam penataan kembali permukiman kumuh di perkotaan menjadi salah satu tantangan besar. Keterbatasan anggaran milik pemerintah serta kemampuan ekonomi masyarakat penghuni yang tergolong rendah, perlu didukung dengan skema pembiayaan yang inklusif. Di sisi lain, terdapat berbagai potensi sumber pembiayaan alternatif yang belum optimal karena kurangnya integrasi antar pemangku kepentingan. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana inovasi skema pembiayaan kolaboratif dalam penataan kawasan permukiman kumuh di Kampung Mojo menjadi permukiman yang layak huni. Pendekatan penelitian ini Adalah kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus melalui pengumpulan data berupa observasi, studi dokumen, dan wawancara. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan tiga tahap: 1) mengidentifikasi proses penataan permukiman kumuh; 2) menganalisis proses kolaboratif dalam pembiayaan penataan permukiman kumuh; 3) menganalisis kekuatan dan kelemahan skema pembiayaan kolaboratif dalam mendukung keberlanjutan penataan permukiman kumuh. Hasil temuan studi adalah kebaharuan penerapan inovasi skema pembiayaan kolaboratif mampu mengakselerasi proses penataan permukiman kumuh dengan kompleksitas kepemilikan lahan dan mendorong penataan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan
From Vision to Metrics: Positioning Australian University-Kuwait for UI GreenMetric Excellece through Digital Transformation
Get PDFThis study evaluates the sustainability readiness of the Australian University – Kuwait (AU) regarding the UI GreenMetric World University Rankings. Using a qualitative content analysis of AU’s strategic plan and sustainability statements, the research highlights the tangible actions implemented across the six key components: setting and infrastructure, energy and climate change, water conservation, waste management, transportation, and sustainability education and research. Our findings indicate that AU has incorporated tangible sustainability measures in all ranking areas. The most salient initiatives include energy-efficient technologies, smart irrigation, digital transformation to reduce paper use, and partnerships for managing toxic and clinical waste. The university also promotes sustainable commuting through carpooling and bus shuttles. Regarding sustainability education, AU engages the campus community through the organization of seminars, competitions, and international scientific conferences that are gaining wider scope. The study recommends further adoption of advanced digital solutions to enhance the institutional alignment with UI GreenMetric criteria, particularly in water management, thereby building a competitive advantage in the local and regional higher education sectors. This proactive approach is likely to position AU not only for potential ranking inclusion but also as a leader in environmental engagement and digital sustainability in the region
The University of Genova Climate Policies
Get PDFThe University of Genova (UniGe) has undertaken a significant commitment against climate change, with the goal of becoming climate neutral by 2030. The commitment began in 2014 with the calculation of its carbon footprint and has developed through several stages. In 2019, it joined "The Sustainable Development Goals Accord" and declared a Climate Emergency, also joining the United Nations' "Race To Zero for Universities and Colleges" campaign. In 2022, it approved its Climate Neutrality Strategy 2022-2030, and in 2025, it will implement its Climate Action Plan. UniGe's Climate Action Plan includes two main sections: mitigation and adaptation. The mitigation plan, based on annual greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, outlines the path to climate neutrality, with intermediate and long-term goals to reduce direct emissions (from fossil fuels), indirect emissions linked to energy consumption, and indirect emissions related to mobility, waste, water consumption, and procurement. Residual emissions will be offset through the purchase of certified credits. The adaptation plan aims to increase UniGe's resilience to climate change: it is based on the Liguria Region strategy, integrated with internal policies and procedures for risk management (weather alerts, hydrogeological risks, exposure to extreme temperatures, etc.) and actions for educating and raising awareness within the academic community
Vem pra UFMS Program: Popularizing Science ad Promoting Sustainbale Development Goals (SDGs)
Get PDFThe Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), through the “Vem pra UFMS” (Come to UFMS) Program, promotes access to knowledge, science, and academic culture. This article aims to analyze how the program has contributed to the implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the context of higher education (HE). By disseminating courses, popularizing science, and presenting UFMS's teaching, research, extension, and innovation spaces, the program strengthens the connection between university and society. Its initiatives include several projects such as “Thinking About the Future”, “Science for What?”, and the “UFMS Preparatory Course”, which expands the democratization of HE by exposing high school students to academic and professional opportunities, thereby reducing inequalities. Complementary projects such as “Science in Schools”, “Science Pills”, and the “Science Park” foster the popularization of science, building more informed communities prepared to address global challenges while promoting innovation and sustainability. The “UFMS Museum of Science and Technology” further contributes to these efforts by strengthening scientific and technological culture. Methodologically, the study adopted a qualitative approach, using secondary data from institutional reports, websites, and social media to evaluate the program’s impact and its contribution to the SDGs. Findings reveal that the program encompasses seven specific actions directly linked to SDGs 4 (4.1, 4.3, 4.4, 4.7) and 10 (10.2), and reached more than 50 schools and benefited over 11,540 people. These initiatives highlight the transformative role of UFMS in education and sustainable development, demonstrating how higher education institutions can positively influence society by integrating the SDGs into their practices