Universitas Diponegoro: Undip E-Journal System (UEJS) Portal
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The Role of Youth Entrepreneur and Employment Support Services (YESS) Program to Increasing Beneficiary Income: A Comparative Study of West Java and East Java
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the role of the YESS Program in increasing the income of beneficiaries in two provinces, West Java and East Java, using panel data regression methods. The data used includes information related to the realization of Training, realization of grants and subsidies, and Realization of Operating Expenses in both provinces. The results show that the income per beneficiary in West Java is lower compared to East Java. The average income per beneficiary in West Java is Rp 1,849,195/person and in East Java it is Rp2,124,039/person. In West Java, the most significant factor influencing the income of beneficiaries is the realization of grants and subsidies, indicating that the allocation of grants and subsidies has a substantial impact on income improvement. Meanwhile, in East Java, the most influential factor is the realization of program operations, suggesting that the success of program implementation is more decisive in increasing the income of beneficiaries in this region. This study provides insights into the effectiveness of the YESS Program, which can be influenced by local contexts and factors of implementation that differ between the two provinces. The implication of these findings is that policy interventions like YESS should go beyond technical training by also improving access to capital and providing ongoing mentoring. This integrated approach is more effective in boosting business performance and income for millennial farmers
The Value Chain Mapping Of Porang Agribusiness In East Java Using AHP Approach
Get PDFPorang commodity produced in several district centers in East Java province, has good quality, so it is very good to be developed optimally. However, the supply chain performance that leads to the value chain still needs to be improved to be more efficient. Data analysis methods used in this study include value chain analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The objectives of this research are: (1) to identify the mapping of the Porang value chain in East Java, and (2) to analyze the level of importance of the Porang value chain actors in East Java. Based on the results of the research, mapping the porang value chain in East Java stated that the actors consisted of porang spore suppliers and saprodi providers, producers were porang farmers, traders there were collectors, and porang processors acted as industrial consumers. There are three main streams in mapping the porang value chain, namely product flow, information flow and financial flow, starting from input suppliers, farmers, traders to processors/consumers. Based on the level of interest of the actors in the AHP hierarchical analysis, it can be seen the elements in decision making on the main activities, supporting activities and stakeholder performance. In the main activity, actors with superior importance were selected which showed that the implementation of product maintenance before resale has a very strong influence on value creators. In the supporting activities selected as the leading stakeholder, which shows that the implementation of general management of the company has a very strong influence on value creators. While the performance activity, which shows that the implementation of product maintenance before resale has an above average performance
The Role Of Gendered Livelihoods In Shaping Cattle Management In Smallholder Farming Households In Nusa Tenggara Barat
Get PDFThis study explored how gender roles influenced the management of cattle farming in smallholder households in Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB), Indonesia. In this setting, cattle were not only a key source of income but also held cultural value. However, traditional social norms still tended to limit women’s involvement in cattle-related activities. Guided by Livelihoods Theory, this research examined how gendered roles shaped labor roles, access to resources, and decision-making within household cattle management. Using a qualitative case study approach, the study drew on semi-structured interviews with 25 men and women from cattle-farming households in NTB. The data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in gender roles, control over resources, and access to support systems, which shaped decisions on cattle. The findings suggested that patriarchal norms continued to restrict women’s access to productive assets, limiting their participation in cattle management. While cattle served as a form of household savings, women often relied on them for investment, especially when they lacked access to credit due to limited ownership of collateral. Meanwhile, men were often seen as more mobile and capable of managing cattle, particularly bulls, while women were more involved with small livestock such as poultry and goats. Women were also commonly excluded from livestock farmer groups, which served as key gateways to government livestock support and grants. This exclusion reinforced gender gaps in cattle ownership, economic opportunities, and access to public agricultural resources. The study highlighted the need for more inclusive approaches to support women’s roles in cattle farming and rural livelihoods
Improved Extrusion Cooking Technology (IECT): Utilization of Milder Conditions for Better Starch Modification
Get PDFThis review aimed to analyze improved extrusion cooking technology (IECT), a novel food processing methodology that uses milder conditions, longer screws, and an extended residence time to physically modify food ingredients, primarily starches and cereal flours. This process improves the ingredients' physicochemical, textural, and nutritional properties while minimizing the degradation of bioactive components. The review also explored the versatility of IECT for application to a wider range of raw materials, including tubers, legumes, fibers, and proteins. IECT modifies starch structure through low temperature and high-pressure gelatinization, destructing the granular and crystalline structure and increasing the gelatinization degree to above 60%. These changes reduce retrogradation and improve functional properties like the water absorption and solubility indices (WAI and WSI). While successful applications include the development of texturized rice and whole buckwheat noodles, research has focused largely on cereals and derivative starches. Future research must focus on applying IECT to tubers and legumes and materials rich in fiber and proteins, as well as conducting bioavailability studies of phenolics in vivo, and performing a comparative analysis against conventional single and twin-screw extruders
Sustainable Marine Macroalgal Polysaccharide Films and Coatings: Toward Active and Intelligent Food Packaging System
Get PDFMarine macroalgal polysaccharides have emerged as sustainable biopolymers with immense potential for developing active and intelligent food packaging systems. Derived from abundant and renewable seaweed biomass, polysaccharides such as alginate, agar, carrageenan, laminarin, ulvan and fucoidan exhibit excellent film-forming ability, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. Their intrinsic antioxidant and antimicrobial properties make them ideal for packaging materials that not only protect food but also enhance shelf life and quality. This review (2020-2025) comprehensively examines the extraction techniques, structural diversity and functionalities of marine polysaccharide, highlighting their suitability for edible films, coatings, and biodegradable bioplastics. Recent advancements in polymer blending, nanocomposite formation, and cross-linking strategies are discussed, which significantly improve mechanical strength, thermal stability, and barrier properties. Additionally, the integration of natural bioactive compounds enables real-time monitoring of food freshness, transforming conventional packaging into active and intelligent systems. Although challenges such as moisture sensitivity, moderate mechanical strength, and production scalability remain, marine macroalgal polysaccharides represent a promising and sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. By supporting circular economy principles and sustainable packaging initiatives, these biopolymers present innovative solutions to mitigate plastic pollution, reduce food waste, and promote environmental responsibility. This review highlights their potential to catalyze a paradigm shift in the food packaging sector, advancing high-performance, safe, and eco-friendly applications
Pemanfaatan Gadget dalam Pengembangan Minat Baca Anak Generasi Alfa oleh Orang Tua di Kota Pekalongan
Get PDFGenerasi alfa merupakan generasi yang lahir sekitar tahun 2010 – 2024, generasi ini tumbuh dan berkembang bersama dengan kemajuan teknologi. Hal ini yang menyebabkan generasi alfa lebih dekat dengan teknologi daripada yang lain. Dengan dekatnya generasi alfa pada teknologi menjadi tantangan tersendiri untuk orang tua mereka dalam menumbuhkan minat baca. Orang tua generasi alfa perlu memikirkan cara yang baru dalam menumbuhkan dan mengembangkan minat baca anaknya. Oleh karena itu, gadget menjadi salah satu pilihan dalam menanamkan minat baca anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara terbaik yang dilakukan orang tua generasi alfa dalam mengembangkan minat baca anaknya dengan tetap mengikuti perkembangan teknologi yang ada melalui pemanfaatan gadget. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan observasi non-partisipan dan wawancara semi terstruktur untuk memperoleh data primer serta studi dokumen untuk mendapatkan data sekundernya. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah orang tua generasi alfa yang tinggal di Kota Pekalongan sebanyak 8 informan dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan thematic analysis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gadget sangat membantu orang tua generasi alfa dalam mengembangkan minat baca anaknya. Gadget dimanfaatkan untuk mencari referensi bacaan dan juga untuk media pengenealan huruf melalui video maupun game yang ada di dalamnya. Pengalaman orang tua generasi alfa di Kota Pekalongan dalam menggunakan gadget untuk mengembangkan minat baca anaknya juga mengubah mindset mereka dalam mengajarkan minat baca anaknya dengan mencoba menyesuaikan diri dengan keinginan anak mereka. Hal tersebut terbilang efektif karena 87% informan mengatakan minat baca anak mereka meningkat ketika mereka menggunakan gadget
Perilaku Mahasiswa dalam Mengevaluasi dan Menyebarkan Berita Palsu Menjelang Pemilu 2024 (Studi pada Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro)
Get PDFPerkembangan teknologi yang pesat mempengaruhi media sosial, menjadi peran penting dalam penyebaran informasi, termasuk di dalamnya adalah penyebaran informasi tentang politik. Pemilih pemula sering menggunakan media sosial untuk mencari informasi. Namun, kemajuan teknologi juga membawa ancaman seperti hoaks dan clickbait yang berpotensi memanipulasi opini publik. Berita palsu ini menargetkan pemilih muda yang cenderung mudah terpengaruh. Penelitian ini menyoroti perilaku mahasiswa dalam mengevaluasi dan menyebarkan informasi politik palsu menjelang Pemilihan Umum 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologi dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu convenience sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi non partisipan, wawancara, dan studi dokumen, lalu dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa menggunakan berbagai platform media sosial dan media kredibel seperti CNN, Kompas, dan Detik untuk mendapatkan informasi politik. Mereka cenderung kritis, tidak menyebarkan berita palsu, dan menunjukkan kesadaran tinggi akan dampak negatifnya. Beberapa mahasiswa bahkan berusaha mengklarifikasi informasi palsu yang mereka temui. Namun, tantangan tetap ada dalam mengenali bias informasi dan rasa tidak percaya diri untuk berbagi informasi yang benar
Climate Change and Flood Exposure in Settlements: Spatial Analysis of Geographical and Topographical Factors for Urban Resilience
Get PDFClimate change has increased the frequency and intensity of flood events, posing substantial threats to urban settlements, especially those situated in topographically vulnerable areas. This study investigates the role of geographical and topographical attributes—such as elevation, slope, proximity to water bodies, and landform configuration—in shaping flood exposure. Through a systematic literature review of 31 peer-reviewed articles, the research highlights the physical determinants of flood risk under changing climate conditions. It identifies critical spatial factors contributing to exposure, including natural features (e.g., low-lying coastlines and floodplains) and anthropogenic interventions (e.g., artificial fill, unregulated urban expansion, and inadequate drainage). Case studies from diverse contexts—such as O‘ahu (Hawai‘i), Bekasi (Indonesia), and the Tanaro River Valley (Italy)—demonstrate how these spatial characteristics interact with climate-driven hazards to amplify urban flood risks. Unlike many previous studies that emphasize hazard intensity or socio-economic vulnerability, this research narrows its scope to physical exposure as a foundational dimension of risk. The findings stress the need for spatially grounded planning approaches that integrate topographic analysis and nature-based solutions into disaster risk reduction and urban resilience strategies. By focusing on exposure, this study provides a conceptual contribution to the field of urban climate adaptation, reframing physical geography not as a passive backdrop but as an active and dynamic determinant of vulnerability. This study highlights physical exposure as an active spatial condition, offering a reframed perspective for integrating topographic insight into urban flood resilience planning
Evaluating the Performance of Evacuation Routes in an Academic Facility Using Pathfinder Simulation and Regulatory
Get PDFEffective evacuation routes are crucial in educational buildings, particularly in earthquake-prone regions, to ensure the safety of occupants during emergencies. One of the most significant issues identified in such contexts is the potential for bottlenecks during evacuation. These bottlenecks often result from confusion caused by unclear signage, poor distribution of exits, and high occupant density during peak academic hours. This study evaluated the effectiveness of evacuation routes in the Faculty of Islamic Studies (FIAI) of the Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII), Sleman, through an evaluative approach that combines direct field observation and agent-based evacuation simulation using Pathfinder software. Observations were conducted to assess corridor widths, signage placement, and physical obstructions, while the simulation examined pedestrian movement, evacuation times, and congestion points under high-density scenarios. The evaluation was also benchmarked against the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 03-1746-2000) and NFPA 101: Life Safety Code for evacuation planning as part of the methodological framework. The findings indicate that only the building’s structural components comply with the expected standards, while several supporting facilities—such as signage visibility, exit distribution, and circulation flow—require significant improvements. Enhancing these aspects is essential to improve overall evacuation performance and ensure safety in academic environments
Pangandaran Earthquake and b-value Analysis for Better Understanding of Seismic Vulnerability in Java using Statistical Earthquake Data of 2002-2010
Get PDFThe application of statistical methods in seismicity analysis can provide a robust description of the relationship between earthquake magnitude and frequency in each region. This statistical relationship is formulated using the Gutenberg-Richter law, which continues to be developed through empirical and analytical studies of earthquakes in many regions. This study aims to analyze two significant earthquakes that affected the island of Java in 2006: the destructive Yogyakarta earthquake on 27 May 2006 and the Pangandaran earthquake on 17 July 2006. Both events were generated by active subduction mechanisms on the southern side of the island, where earthquakes of various magnitudes occur periodically. Through a temporal and spatial analysis of the b-value, this study compares different earthquake catalogs and analyzes the seismic vulnerability of Java by calculating the deformation caused by the 2006 earthquakes. The calculated b-values from the USGS and IRISDMC earthquake catalogs are 1.38 ± 0.04 and 0.92 ± 0.01, respectively. The magnitude of completeness (Mc) values are 4.9 for the USGS catalog and 4.3 for the IRISDMC catalog. The earthquake data span from 2002 to 2010. Deformation calculations using the IRISDMC data for 2006 show that the Pangandaran earthquake resulted in a surface rupture length of 140.60 km, a rupture area of 3,235.94 km², and a displacement of 7.96 m