eJournal of Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University (UIN)
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Halal Entrepreneurship Intention among Muslim Students: The Mediating Role of Attitude, Risk-Taking Propensity, and Self-Efficacy
No full textPromoting halal businesses become urgent, as the global halal economy is projected to exceed USD 5 trillion by 2030, and Indonesia is of key contributor. However, despite the high entrepreneurial intention among university students, their participation in halal business activities is comparatively low. This study aims to examine the influence of religiosity on halal entrepreneurial intention in Indonesian Muslim students. Entrepreneurial attitudes, risk-taking propensity, and self-efficacy are considered as mediating variables between religiosity and halal entrepreneurial intention. Data were collected from 378 Muslim students at 47 private universities in West Java and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The structural model explained the variance in halal-based entrepreneurial intentions, with an R-squared of 0.654, indicating that religiosity and the mediator variables together explain approximately 65.4% of the variance in entrepreneurial intentions. The direct path coefficient demonstrates that religiosity significantly affects entrepreneurial attitudes (β = 0.606, p = 0.000), risk-taking propensity (β = 0.591, p = 0.000), self-efficacy (β = 0.653, p = 0.000), and intention to engage in halal entrepreneurship (β = 0.293, p = 0.000). All three mediating paths are statistically significant, with self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitudes showing the strongest indirect effects (β = 0.156 each), followed by risk-taking propensity (β = 0.091). These results show that self-efficacy is the most influential factor, suggesting that higher religiosity is associated with greater self-confidence, moral resilience, and motivation for running a business in accordance with sharia principles. These findings extend the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) into an Islamic context and have implications for universities and policymakers in designing halal entrepreneurship education
A Rational Critique of the Progressive Islamic Methodology
Full text linkThis research proposes shifting the bayani-burhani-irfani approach to bayani-burhani-maqâsidi. The intellectual history of Muhammadiyah cannot be separated from the methodological dialectic that underlies its movement. One of the most important methodological products that has always served as the basis for ijtihad in the movement\u27s thought and practice is the Manhaj Tarjih and the Development of Islamic Thought. This Manhaj Tarjih offers three approaches to understanding religious teachings: bayani, burhani, and irfani. These three approaches are established as Islamic ways of thinking and form the Manhaj of Progressive Islam. However, since their formulation, these three approaches have been quite controversial. Some scholars consider this Manhaj Tarjih a manifesto of the modernist thought renewal movement in Indonesia. Others, not a few, view it negatively and pejoratively as a liberal method. Moreover, the irfani method is identical to Sufism and is procedurally difficult to operationalize. This paper aims to conduct a rational critique or epistemological evaluation of the Manhaj Tarjih and the Manhaj of Progressive Islam. The argument in this paper is the need for re-examination and re-investigation (conducting a rational critique) of the Manhaj Islam Berkemajuan and Manhaj Tarjih, which are the foundation of its approach. Based on the conclusive description method and discourse analysis techniques, this paper concludes that the bayani, burhani, and irfani approaches need to reconstruct their basic assumptions and methodological steps. The proposal to include integralistic assumptions, the hierarchy of norms and intentions, and the istiqra` ma\u27nawi method is very relevant. In this regard, this paper proposes to shift the bayâni-burhâni-irfâni approach to bayâni-burhâni-maqâsidi
Customary Marriage and Child Protection in Islamic Family Law: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and South Africa
Full text linkCustomary marriage functions as a social institution under numerous legal systems; yet, its implementation often poses significant obstacles to the safeguarding of children\u27s rights, especially when performed without official registration or involving minors. This paper investigates the normative boundaries of customary marriage within the context of Islamic family law, emphasizing child protection via a comparative examination of Indonesia and South Africa. This study uses normative legal research methods—integrating legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches—to analyse customary marital patterns, child protection norms, and judicial reactions in both countries. The findings indicate that Islamic family law acknowledges custom (‘urf) only under the condition that it aligns with the objectives of Sharīʿah (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah), specifically the safeguarding of progeny (ḥifẓ al-nasl), the mitigation of harm (dar’ al-mafāsid), and the attainment of justice (‘adl). The prevalence of unregistered traditional marriages and lenient marriage dispensation norms in Indonesia compromises children\u27s legal identification, parental responsibility, and access to civil rights. Conversely, South Africa enforces more stringent normative regulations via compulsory registration and judicial measures to amend customary behaviors detrimental to children. This paper normatively asserts that child safety is an essential requirement for the legality of customary marriage and illustrates how Islamic family law serves as an internal corrective mechanism within diverse legal systems
Integrating Pancasila Values and Islamic Culture: Developing An Instructional Module For Character Strengthening in Islamic Elementary Schools
Full text linkThe integration of national character development with Islamic cultural values is a crucial issue for Islamic elementary schools as they implement the government-mandated Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5). This study aimed to develop a P5 module integrated with Islamic culture and evaluate its validity, practicality, and effectiveness for use in Islamic elementary school learning. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach, following the systematic stages of the Dick & Carey instructional design model. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and formative tests, with module feasibility assessed via expert validation and practicality examined through teacher and student classroom trials. Effectiveness was determined using Aiken’s formula and paired sample t-tests. The findings indicate that the developed module is highly feasible for implementation, requiring only minor revisions to illustrations and sentence clarity. Furthermore, the module was proven practical in classroom settings and effective in significantly improving students’ mastery of the Pancasila Student Profile. This research implies that integrating Islamic culture into the P5 framework offers a contextual and meaningful approach to character education, providing a valuable learning resource for Islamic educational institutions in strengthening student character with both national and religious values
Reframing Madrasas in Afghanistan: A Historical Analysis of Islamic Education and Societal Change
Full text linkIn global academic and policy discourse, madrasas in Afghanistan are often represented through securitized and reductionist frameworks that conflate Islamic education with extremism, obscuring their historical depth and educational diversity. This article seeks to reframe such narratives by examining the historical development of Afghan madrasas from the pre-modern period to the post-2001 era, situating them within broader trajectories of Islamic education and societal change. Employing a qualitative historical approach through a systematic review of scholarly literature, historical sources, and policy reports, the study analyzes madrasa institutions using an integrated framework that combines the sociology of knowledge, historical institutionalism, and Islamic educational concepts of tarbiyah, taʿlīm, and turāth. The findings show that Afghanistan historically functioned as a significant center of Islamic learning, particularly during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, sustained by locally embedded institutions and transnational scholarly networks. While critical junctures, most notably the Soviet invasion of 1979 and subsequent conflicts, reconfigured madrasa functions and politicized religious education, these transformations were contingent on structural disruption, state fragility, and conflict rather than inherent features of madrasa pedagogy. The study concludes that Afghan madrasas are adaptive, context-responsive educational institutions whose continuity and change can only be understood through historically grounded analysis. The findings have broader implications for Islamic education globally, highlighting the importance of historicizing madrasa traditions, resisting securitized interpretations, and recognizing Islamic educational institutions as enduring contributors to moral formation, social resilience, and educational reform in conflict-affected and post-conflict societies
Bridging Worlds: How Islamic Civilization Shaped the Rise of Western Europe
Full text linkThis article attempts to analyze the influence of Islamic civilization on the rise and progress of European-Christian (Western) civilization in the Middle Ages. The focus of this research is to trace the process of transferring knowledge (philosophy, science, technology, humanities, literature, medicine) from the Islamic world to European-Christian society through intellectual interaction in Andalusia (Spain), translation of scientific works of Islamic intellectuals, and through trade and the Crusades. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach, where data are obtained from various academic literature sources and other scientific works. The results of the study show that Islamic civilization in Andalusia played a very decisive role in triggering intellectual development and European-Christian civilization which became the foundation for the Renaissance (Revival) in the West. Through a number of libraries and educational institutions in Andalusia and other Islamic centers, the process of translating books by Islamic scientists in Arabic into Latin took place by European-Christian students who brought them and spread them in their respective countries, thus giving birth to the spirit of the Renaissance in mainland Europe. This study concludes that Islamic civilization not only played a role as the guardian of the classical knowledge heritage of Greece, Rome, Persia, India, but also as a red carpet for European civilization, from the Dark Ages to the Renaissance (Revival)
Happiness among Traditional Fisher Families: Moral Economy, Psychological Resilience, and Religious Faith in Coastal North Sumatra, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study examines how traditional fisher families in Dahari Indah Village, Talawi Subdistrict, Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra, understand and produce happiness amid the structural economic uncertainty of the fisheries sector. Departing from a critique of welfare approaches that reduce happiness to material indicators, this research argues that fisher family happiness cannot be understood linearly as a function of income stability. Instead, it emerges from a complex configuration of economic adaptation, family relational dynamics, and religious faith. The study employs a qualitative phenomenological approach, involving ten fisher families through field observation and in-depth interviews. The findings show that income fluctuations resulting from limited fishing equipment and environmental conditions are perceived as part of the rhythm of everyday life rather than as crises that automatically negate happiness. Families instead produce happiness through practices of economic simplicity in household management, supportive family relationships, and the ability to interpret life pressures through patience, acceptance, and gratitude. Religious practices—such as daily prayers, Quranic study gatherings, and supplication—function as everyday routines that regulate emotions, reduce anxiety, and cultivate inner calm amid economic uncertainty, while simultaneously strengthening psychological resilience and the stability of domestic relationships. Theoretically, these findings demonstrate that happiness in coastal communities constitutes a relational, contextual, and religious practice of everyday life. This study enriches the understanding of happiness as an ethical-spiritual condition, resonating with Al-Farabi’s concept of sa‘ādah and aligning with the psychological well-being perspective, which emphasizes self-acceptance, positive relationships, and meaningful life orientation under structural constraints. Practically, this article underscores the importance of coastal development policies that extend beyond income enhancement to include family strengthening, mental health support, and community-based religious practices
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA AFTER MERGER: A COMPARISON OF INCOME STATEMENT AND VALUE- ADDED APPROACHES FROM A SHARIA ENTERPRISE THEORY PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkThis study examines the financial performance of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) after the merger by comparing the Income Statement Approach and the Value-Added Approach from the perspective of Sharia Enterprise Theory. The merger of three state-owned Islamic banks represents a strategic transformation that requires a comprehensive performance evaluation beyond conventional profit-based measures. Using secondary data from BSI’s annual financial statements for the period 2020-2024, this study analyses profitability and efficiency indicators, including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and the Operating Expenses to Operating Income Ratio (BOPO). A paired sample t-test is employed to examine differences between the two performance measurement approaches. The results indicate that BSI experienced short-term performance adjustments in the early post-merger period, followed by gradual improvements in profitability and operational efficiency. The Value-Added Approach consistently produces higher profitability ratios than the Income Statement Approach, reflecting its broader measurement scope that captures value creation and distribution to multiple stakeholders. Statistically significant differences are found for ROA, ROE, and NPM, while no significant difference is observed for BOPO. Practically, the findings provide insights for Islamic bank management in evaluating post-merger performance, support regulators in promoting performance assessment aligned with Sharia principles, and highlight the relevance of value-added-based measurement for enhancing stakeholder accountability in Islamic banking institutions
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL INNOVATION IN ENHANCING FIRM VALUE: A STUDY OF INDONESIAN STATE-OWNED BANKS
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the effect of digital innovation on firm value as measured by four indicators: Price to Book Value (PBV), Price Earnings Ratio (PER), Earnings Per Share (EPS), and Tobin’s Q. The Resource-Based View (RBV) Theory is used as the theoretical framework to understand how distribution channels such as ATMs, internet banking, and mobile banking services function as strategic resources in enhancing firm value. This study employs a quantitative approach using a census method, with the entire population of four state-owned banks serving as the sample. Secondary data was obtained from the banks’ annual reports for the period 2019-2024. The analysis technique used is simple linear regression, with SPSS 26. The research results indicate that digital innovation influences PBV and Tobin’s Q, but does not Influence PER and EPS. These findings support the notion that digital innovation, as a strategic asset within the RBV framework, can drive increases in firm value. However, this effect is not yet uniform across all financial indicators
The politics of religious commodification: Representation of power in the Cikande halal industrial zone
Full text linkThis study analyzes the Banten Provincial Government\u27s halal discourse in press releases, social media, and Cikande Halal Industrial Zone (KIHC) promotions (2019–2024) using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Findings reveal halal discourse as a power apparatus that commodifies religion, blending religious lexicon (“halal,” “shariah,” “blessing”) with economic metaphors (“global hub,” “qiblat”) to legitimize industrial modernity. At textual and discursive levels, the state circulates narratives via institutional channels, fostering inevitability around halal industrialization and replacing coercion with persuasion. Socially, it forges a state-religion-capital triad, yielding “dual legitimacy”—moral via religious symbols, economic via investment promises—while crafting market-oriented pious consumers, sidelining justice, labor, and ecology. The study advances scholarship on religious commodification, state hegemony, and halal political economy, portraying halal discourse as governmentality merging morality and markets in Indonesia