Institut Teknologi Nasional: Jurnal Itenas Online
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Antena Mikrostrip MIMO dengan Teknik Planar Series Array 4x2 elemen untuk Sistem Komunikasi 5G
Get PDFABSTRAKMakalah ini mengusulkan antena mikrostrip dengan dengan performansi tinggi yang beroperasi pada frekuensi resonansi 3,5 GHz untuk sistem komunikasi 5G. Antena dikembangkan dalam dengan teknik array planar seri 4x2 elemen yang dikonfigurasi MIMO. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, antena yang dirancang memiliki koefisien refleksi <= -10 dB, koefisien isolasi <= -40 dB dengan rentang frekuensi 3.1 GHz – 3,7 GHz dan gain maksimum sebesar 12,52 dB pada frekuensi resonansi 3,5 GHz. Bandwidth dan penguatan antena masing-masing meningkat sebesar 172.72% dan 160.83 %. Penelitian ini dapat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan sebagai antena penerima sistem komunikasi 5G.Kata kunci: antena, array, mikrostrip, MIMO, planar, 5G ABSTRACTThis article suggests a microstrip antenna with high performance, designed to operate at the resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz in 5G communication systems. The antenna is developed in a MIMO-configured 4x2 element series planar array technique. Based on measurement results, the proposed antenna exhibits a reflection coefficient of <= -10 dB, an isolation coefficient of <= -40 dB, within the frequency range 3.1 – 3.7 GHz and maximum gain of 12.52 dB at the resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz. The antenna's bandwidth and gain enhanced until 172.72% and 160.83%, respectively. This study suggests the potential use of the developed antenna as a reception device in 5G communication systems.Keywords: antenna, array, microstrip, MIMO, planar, 5
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemantauan Pergerakan Photovoltaic sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Get PDFABSTRAK Sebuah media pembelajaran dibangun pada penelitian ini, tentang sistem pemantauan pergerakan photovoltaic. Parameter yang dipantau pada sistem ini yaitu sudut zenith, sudut HRA, dan intensitas cahaya. Photovoltaic dapat bergerak secara manual dengan menggunakan sebuah handheld device pada dua poros yaitu X dan Y. Sensor yang digunakan pada sistem ini adalah MPU6050 dan SEN0390. Data sensor diproses oleh Atmega328, kemudian ditampilkan hasilnya pada LCD 1602. Linear aktuator digunakan untuk menggerakkan photovoltaic agar mampu bergerak pada dua poros, yaitu untuk sudut zenith mampu bergerak dari 0° hingga 15°, dan untuk sudut HRA mampu bergerak dari -30° hingga 30°. Hasil pengujian untuk tingkat akurasi pada poros Y gyroscope sebesar ±0,004° dan presisi sebesar ±0,005°, serta tingkat akurasi pada poros X sebesar ±0,028°, dan presisi sebesar ±0,037°. Sensor cahaya SEN0390 yang digunakan memiliki akurasi sebesar ±8 lx. Sistem dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan praktikum namun perlu disesuaikan waktu penggunaannya, karena sistem mekaniknya hanya mampu bergerak untuk sudut HRA dari -30° hingga 30°. Kata kunci: photovoltaic, zenith, HRA, media pembelajaran ABSTRACT A learning tool was built in this research, about photovoltaic movement monitoring systems. The parameters monitored in this system are the zenith angle, HRA angle and light intensity. The photovoltaic can be moved manually using a handheld device on two axes, namely X and Y. The sensors used in this system are MPU6050 and SEN0390. The sensor data is processed by the Atmega328, then the results are displayed on the LCD 1602. Linear actuators are used to move the photovoltaic so that it can move on two axes, namely for the zenith angle it can move from 0° to 15°, and for the HRA angle it can move from -30° to 30°. The test results for the level of accuracy on the Y axis of the gyroscope are ±0.004° and the precision is ±0.005°, and the level of accuracy on the X axis is ±0.028°, and the precision is ±0.037°. The SEN0390 light sensor used has an accuracy of ±8 lx. The system can be used for practical activities but needs to be adjusted when used, because the mechanical system is only capable of moving at HRA angles from -30° to 30°. Keywords: photovoltaic, zenith, HRA, learning too
Battery Management System dengan Fitur Adaptive Current Protection terhadap Suhu
Get PDFABSTRAKKetika charging, baterai lithium-ion seringkali terjadi overheat dan overcharge. Begitu pun ketika discharging juga terjadi overdischarge, overheat dan overcurrent apabila tidak sesuai kurva karakteristik (T=-8.75*I+60). Hal tersebut menyebabkan kerusakan sel baterai sehingga megurangi lifetime baterai. Penelitian ini dibuat sistem battery management system (BMS) yang memantau suhu dan arus melalui pembacaan sensor. Apabila suhu saat charging melebihi batas maksimum (45°C), sistem akan diproteksi dengan menonaktifkan MOSFET (switch). Proteksi ketika discharging terjadi jika suhu atau arus melebihi batas kurva atau safety factor (p). Dari hasil data charging, sistem mampu memproteksi overheat dengan error 0.43% dan menghitung nilai state of charge (SoC) dimana akan beralih ke mode discharge jika melebihi 85% dengan error 0.01%. Saat discharging sistem mampu memproteksi ketika besaran suhu dan atau arus melebihi safety factor yakni 60 dengan error 1.74% serta mampu beralih ke mode charge jika SoC kurang dari 40% dengan errror 0.018%.Kata kunci: Safety factor, Battery Management System, State of Charge ABSTRACTDuring charging, lithium-ion batteries risk overheating and overcharging, while discharging may lead to overdischarge, overheating, and overcurrent if deviating from the characteristic curve (T=-8.75*I+60), causing battery cell damage and reducing lifetime. This study introduces a Battery Management System (BMS) that monitors temperature and current using sensors. If the charging temperature surpasses the limit (45°C), the system protects by deactivating the MOSFET switch. Discharging protection triggers if temperature or current exceeds the curve or safety factor (p). Analyzing charging data, the system defends against overheating with a 0.43% error, calculates State of Charge (SoC), shifting to discharge mode if exceeding 85% with a 0.01% error. During discharging, the system safeguards against temperature and/or current surpassing the safety factor of 60 with a 1.74% error and switches to charge mode if SoC falls below 40% with a 0.18% error.Keywords: Safety factor, Battery Management System, State of Charg
Pemanfaatan Metode Collaborative Filtering dengan Algoritma KNN pada Sistem Rekomendasi Produk
Get PDFAbstrakSalah satu permasalahan customer pada e-commerce adalah sulitnya menemukan produk yang diinginkan untuk dibeli. Sistem rekomendasi mampu menangani permasalahan tersebut dengan cara mengalisis data profil customer untuk menyaring produk yang sesuai dengan profil customer kemudian merekomendasikannya kepada customer tersebut. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara produk dengan pengguna maka dapat memanfaatkan sistem rekomendasi. Ada beberapa permasalahan pada sistem rekomendasi yaitu sparsity data, missing value, dan duplikasi data yang sering ditemukan pada data berbasis rating seperti pada e-commerce. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini, maka diusulkan metode Item-based Collaborative Filtering dan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) dengan hasil evaluasi nilai MAE sebesar 1,05 dan RMSE sebesar 1,36 yang mampu menangani sistem rekomendasi dengan baik dengan tingkat kesalahan yang kecil.Kata kunci: recommendation system, item-based collaborative filtering, KNN, Sparsity Data, Cold-Start.AbstractIn e-commerce, one common customer problem is difficulty in finding the product they want to buy. This issue can be addressed through a recommendation system, which analyzes customer profile data to filter products that match the customer's profile and then recommends them. One way to establish the relationship between products and users is by using a recommendation system. However, recommendation systems often encounter problems such as data sparsity, missing values, and data duplication, particularly in rating-based data. To address these issues, the Item-based Collaborative Filtering method and the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm are proposed. Evaluation results show that these methods have MAE values of 1.05 and RMSE of 1.36, indicating their effectiveness in handling the recommendation system with a low error rate.Keywords: recommendation system, collaborative filtering, item-based CF, KN
Algoritma Convolutional Neural Network sebagai Alat Bantu Analisa Tingkat Keparahan Tumor Otak
Get PDFAbstrakKecerdasan buatan telah menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan computer-aided-diagnosed (CAD), yaitu alat tambahan yang digunakan untuk melakukan diagnosa penyakit, misalnya tumor otak. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan klasifikasi otomatis citra MRI otak ke dalam 4 kategori, yaitu tumor otak grade II, III, IV dan non-tumor menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Tiga jenis arsitektur yang digunakan, yaitu arsitektur 12 lapisan, Resnet-152 dan VGG-16. Peningkatan jumlah gambar dilakukan dengan melakukan 6 jenis teknik augmentasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ketiga model dapat melakukan klasifikasi tumor dengan akurasi masing-masing sebesar 84%, 95% dan 84% pada data tanpa augmentasi dan 49%, 81% dan 72% untuk data yang mengalami augmentasi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur Resnet-152 memberikan performa terbaik dibandingkan dengan arsitektur lainnya.Kata kunci: Tumor otak, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Resnet-152, VGG-16AbstractArtificial intelligence has become the basis for the development of computer-aided-diagnosed (CAD), an additional tool used to diagnose diseases, such as brain tumors. In this study, automatic classification of brain tumor was carried out into 4 categories, namely grade II, III, IV and non-tumor using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. Three types of architecture are used, namely 12 layer architecture, Resnet-152 and VGG-16. The dataset comes from the REMBRANDT and IXI dataset. Increasing the number of images using 6 types of augmentation techniques is also done. The results show that the three models can classify tumors with an accuracy of 84%, 95% and 84% respectively for data without augmentation and 49%, 81% and 72% for data with augmentation. It can be concluded that the Resnet-152 architecture provides the best performance than the other architectures.Keywords: Brain tumor, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Resnet-152, VGG-1
Green Harmony: Granular Fertilizer and Liquid Soap from Eco Enzymes for The "Sustainable Elderly" Mission
Get PDFIn some communities, the elderly are often seen as a burden rather than valuable assets. This view not only diminishes their intrinsic value within families and society but also overlooks their potential to make significant contributions. This community service focuses on the importance of integrating the elderly into productive activities that not only improve their health and psychological well-being but also reduce the social and economic burden on the younger generation. Through involvement in environmentally friendly product manufacturing projects such as granular fertilizer and liquid soap made from eco-enzymes, the elderly are given the opportunity to participate in meaningful efforts and become agents of change that support environmental sustainability. This service utilizes a participative approach, emphasizing the active involvement of the community at RW 7, Ngesrep Sub-district, Banyumanik District, Semarang, especially the elderly group (55-75 years), in all stages of activity, from planning to implementation and evaluation. It also involves students as a manifestation of the Institutional Key Performance Indicators (IKU) with indicators of student activities outside the campus. The exploration of these activities is expected to change the public's perception of the elderly, portraying the elderly group as a transformative resource. The introduction of environmentally friendly technology, involving them in production, is expected to enhance environmental sustainability and maximize the welfare of the elderly (Sustainable Elderly). The conclusion of this service underscores the urgency to change policies and social practices to include the elderly more inclusively in all aspects of community life. The implications of these findings lead to policy recommendations that are more focused on the integration and empowerment of the elderly, particularly at RW 7, and the introduction of eco-enzyme product diversification, namely granular fertilizer and liquid soap
Improving Accounting Information at BUM Desa Mertha Buana Kayubihi Bangli
Get PDFBUM Desa Mertha Buana is a microfinance institution owned by the village government located on Jalan Nusantara Kayubihi, Bangli District, Bangli Regency. In its activities of producing accounting information, BUM Desa Mertha Buana uses a general journal and produces a statement of financial position and a profit and loss statement. The use of general journals to record repetitive transactions will cause the time spent doing clerical activities to be longer. The purpose of this community service is to help BUM Desa produce accounting information that is timely and in accordance with local government regulations using a worksheet-based cash receipts and disbursement special journal. The method used is science and technology substitution, accompanied by training for BUM Desa. After using the worksheet-based special cash receipts and disbursement journal, BUM Desa is able to produce financial reports as required by the Regional Government of Bangli Regency in a timely manner
Studi Kapasitas Daya Dukung Fondasi Tiang Pancang Baja dengan Pengaruh Negative Skin Friction dan Likuefaksi
Get PDFABSTRAKKondisi tanah yang terdapat pada proyek jembatan serangan yang berada pada ruas Tol Binjai-Langsa terdapat lapisan tanah berpotensi likuefaksi setebal 6 meter dan terdapatnya timbunan yang berada diatas pilecap menyebabkan negative skin friction hingga kedalaman 26 m. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh negative skin friction dan likuefaksi terhadap kapasitas tiang pancang pipa baja ujung terbuka diameter 1 m. Analisis menggunakan bantuan program Apile, Lpile dan Group untuk mendapatkan kapasitas aksial, lateral, moment dan gaya akibat beban, dimana gaya akibat beban tersebut harus lebih kecil dari pada kapasitas tiang dengan perbandingan mendekati 1. dikarenakan negative skin friction dan likuefaksi memengaruhi kapasitas dan gaya akibat beban maka pada setiap kondisi memiliki jumlah tiang yang berbeda. Pada variasi kondisi normal menggunakan 12 tiang, untuk variasi kondisi negative skin friction menggunkaan 16 tiang, untuk variasi kondisi likuefaksi menggunakan 21 tiang dan kondisi negative skin friction dan likuefaksi menggunakan 45 tiang.Kata kunci: negative skin friction, likuefaksi, tiang pipa baja, kapasitas aksial, kapasitas lateral ABSTRACTThe soil condition in the Serangan bridge project which is located on the Binjai-Langsa toll road section has a layer of soil with the potential for liquefaction as thick as 6 meters and the presence of embankments above the pilecap causes negative skin friction to a depth of 26 m. The purpose of this study was to determine how the negative effect of skin friction and liquefaction on the capacity of piles of open end steel pipes with a diameter of 1 m. Analysis using the Apile, Lpile and Group programs to get the axial, lateral, moment and force due to the load, where the force due to the load must be smaller than the pile capacity with a ratio close to 1. because negative skin friction and liquefaction affect the capacity and the resulting force. load, each condition has a different number of piles. For variations in normal conditions using 12 piles, for variations in negative skin friction conditions using 16 piles, for variations in liquefaction conditions using 21 piles and for negative skin friction and liquefaction conditions using 45 piles.Keywords: negative skin friction, liquefaction, steel pipe piles, axial capacity, lateral capacit
Strategi Operasi Load Shedding dan Islanding Stiffness Sistem Tenaga Listrik pada Kondisi Edge Emergency
Get PDFABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi elemen-elemen krusial dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem tenaga pada kondisi edge emergency, yang terkait erat dengan penjagaan keseimbangan dan pemulihan frekuensi yang cepat setelah terjadinya gangguan. Pengelolaan pasokan listrik dan mempertahankan integritas sistem tenaga listrik, serta strategi load shedding dan operasi islanding, menjadi salah satu upaya untuk menjaga stabilitas. Respons cadangan berputar pada operasi islanding, terutama dalam menyesuaikan daya aktif selama gangguan, memiliki peran krusial untuk menjaga respon kestabilan sesuai batasan edge maksimum dan minimum. Pemodelan mekanisme skema load shedding dan operasi islanding dengan trigger dari stiffness kondisi edge maksimum tercapai dengan menjaga nilai overfrequency dibawah 51,5 Hz dengan nilai frekuensi tertinggi sebesar 51,473 HZ , sedangkan edge minimum tercapai dengan menjaga nilai underfrequency diatas 47,5 Hz dengan nilai frekuensi terendah sebesar 47,517 Hz.Kata kunci: load shedding, islanding, stiffness, edge maksimum, edge minimum ABSTRACTThis study explores crucial elements in maintaining power systems stability during edge emergency condition, closely related to maintaining balance and rapid frequency recovery after disturbances. Efforts aimed at ensuring stability include managing electrical supply, preserving power system integrity, as well as implementing load shedding and islanding operations. Spinning reserve response in islanding operation, particularly in adjusting active power during disturbances, plays a crucial role in maintaining stability responses within specified maximum and minimum edge constraints. Modeling of load shedding schemes and islanding operations triggered by the stiffness conditions of maximum edge condition is achieved by maintaining the overfrequency value below 51.5 Hz, with the highest frequency value being 51.473 Hz. Meanwhile, the minimum edge condition is achieved by maintaining the underfrequency value above 47.5 Hz, with the lowest frequency value being 47.517 Hz.Keywords: load shedding, islanding, stiffness, maksimum edge, minimum edg
Kecerdasan Buatan berbasis Geospasial (GeoAI) menggunakan Google Earth Engine untuk Monitoring Fenomena Urban Heat Island di Indonesia
Get PDFABSTRAKFenomena Urban Heat Island (UHI) sangat penting untuk dimonitor agar terjaga kualitas lingkungan perkotaan. Dewasa ini teknologi kecerdasan buatan berbasis geospasial (GeoAI) merupakan teknologi yang menjanjikan untuk mengidentifikasi dan monitoring secara cepat dan efisien suatu kawasan yang luas. Walaupun Kecerdasan buatan sudah banyak diteliti namun GeoAI untuk identifikasi dan monitoring fenomena UHI di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sistem GeoAI menggunakan google earth engine untuk monitoring fenomena UHI di Indonesia. Metodologi pada penelitian ini dimulai dari perancangan sistem, penghimpunan data dan komputasi, pembuatan dashboard, pengujian, hingga visualisasi UHI di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini berupa sistem aplikasi untuk monitoring fenomena UHI di Indonesia yang divisualisasikan dalam sebuah dashboard menggunakan Earth Engine Apps yang dapat diakses pada tautan https://bit.ly/UHIGDItenas.Kata kunci: Kecerdasan buatan, Penginderaan jauh dan Geospasial ABSTRACTUrban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon is very important to monitor for managing the quality of the urban environment. Recently geospatial-based artificial intelligence (GeoAI) technology is a promising technology for quickly and efficiently identifying and monitoring on the large area. Even though artificial intelligence has been widely researched, GeoAI for identifying and monitoring the UHI phenomenon in Indonesia is still limited. This research aims to build a GeoAI system using the Google Earth engine for monitoring the UHI phenomenon in Indonesia. The methodology in this research starts from system design, data collection and computing, dashboard creation, testing and visualization of UHI in Indonesia. The results of this research are an application system for monitoring the UHI phenomenon in Indonesia which is visualized in a dashboard using Earth Engine Apps which can be accessed on https://bit.ly/UHIGDItenas.Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Remote sensing, and Geospatia