Atavisme: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Sastra
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Kontestasi Politik Identitas dalam Cerita Asal-Usul Raja Ampat
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap cara dua narasi tentang cerita asal-usul Raja Ampat dari suku Biak dan Ma’ya di Raja Ampat merepresentasikan politik identitas. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimanakah politik identitas dikontestasikan oleh kelompok-kelompok masyarakat di Raja Ampat. Penelitian kualitatif secara etnografi ini menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam kontestasi masing-masing akan terus mereposisi subjek dalam politik identitas Ma’ya dan Biak. Keduanya berada pada proses menjadi subjek baru, identitas yang berbeda di antara masyarakat lain di Raja Ampat dalam kebutuhan komodifikasi pariwisata. Sebagai akibatnya, Ma’ya dan Biak yang sekarang berbeda dengan leluhur mereka di masa lalu. Versi-versi cerita menjadi bagian dari kekayaan ekspresi budaya dan tidak dijadikan sebagai alat politik untuk mengklaim siapa yang lebih tua atau lebih unggul di dalam suatu wilayah. Dalam penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa cerita asal-usul Raja Ampat dari suku Ma’ya adalah versi yang lain sebagai bentuk resistensi Ma’ya terhadap versi Biak. Kontestasi tersebut membuat subjek Ma’ya dan Biak ambivalen. [Title: Study on Ecoculture in the Novel Tirai Menurun by Nh. Dini]. This research aims to unveil how two narratives about the origin of Raja Ampat from Biak and Ma’ya people in Raja Ampat represent their identity politics. The problem is how politics of identity is contested by Ma’ya and Biak people in Raja Ampat. This is a kind of ethnographic qualitative research. The result of research shows that in the contestation each of them will endlessly reposition the subject in Ma’ya and Biak’s identity politics. As a result, Ma’ya and Biak always become new subjects, different identity among other people in Raja Ampat in the necessities of tourism commodification. In present days, the identities of Ma’ya and Biak are different from their ancestors in the past. The various versions of the story are the richness of the cultural expression, and are not used as political devices to make a claim about which is the older and superior one. The research concludes that the story of origin of Raja Ampat from Ma’yas is another version that shows a resistance to Biak’s version
"Ngasag" di dalam Geguritan Gambaran Konflik Nilai Budaya Tani Jawa
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap pertentangan/konflik antara nilai ideal (saling menolong sesama manusia) dan praktiknya (realitas kehidupan) di tengah kehidupan para pelaku ngasag (pencari sisa-sisa padi setelah panen). Masalah di dalam penelitian ini adalah pertentangan/konflik antara nilai ideal di dalam budaya tani Jawa dan praktiknya tersebut di dalam geguritan “Ngasag” karya St. Iesmaniasita, “Paceklik” karya Prijanggana, dan “Ngangseg” karya Rahmadi K. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi Pierre Bourdieu. Ngasag merupakan arena sosial bagi para pelaku ngasag melalui manuvernya dan ngasag merupakan habitus dari suatu kondisi sosial mereka yang miskin. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah riset pustaka sehingga masalah pertentangan nilai di dalam puisi “Ngasag”, “Paceklik”, dan “Ngangseg” dapat diungkap. Dari pembahasan, penelitian ini berhasil mengungkap bahwa antara nilai ideal dan praktiknya, yang terkandung di dalam kegiatan ngangsag pada geguritan karya St. Iesmaniasita, Prijanggana, dan Rahmadi K., terjadi pertentangan. [Title: “Ngasag” in Geguritan Description of Value Conflicts in Javanese Peasant’s Culture]. This research aims to reveal the conflict between the ideal value (helping each other) and its practice (the reality of life) in the life of the ngasag actors (collector of leftover rice after harvest). The problem in this research is the conflict between the ideal value and its practice in St. Iesmaniasita’s poem "Ngasag"; Prijanggan’s "Paceklik", and Rahmadi K’s "Ngangseg". This research uses Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology theory. Ngasag is a social arena for ngasag actors through its maneuvering and ngasag is a habit of the peasant’s social condition. The method used in this research is literary research so that the problem of value conflict in "Ngasag", "Paceklik", and "Ngangseg” can be disclosed. From the discussion, this research has successfully revealed that there is a conflict between the ideal value and its practice contained in ngangsag activity in of St. Iesmaniasita, Prijanggana, and Rahkmadi K’s poems
MORALITAS ASKETISME SYEKH SITI JENAR: STUDI TRILOGI SYEKH SITI JENAR KARYA AGUS SUNYOTO
No full textThis study aims to reveal and describe the ascetic morality of Sheikh Siti Jenar in the heptalogy novels of Shekh Siti Jenar by Agus Sunyoto using the content analysis method. The problem discussed in this research is the ascetic morality of Sheikh Siti Jenar. The data source is the heptalogy novels of Shekh Siti Jenar which is divided into seven volumes, which was the result of a philology research with primary data of approximately 300 manuscripts. The research result was published by LKiS Yogyakarta in the form of stories. The results of this study indicate that the ascetic morality used in the novels is in the form of morality conditioned by humanism and bound by asceticism because it reveals the real issues of human life inreligious issues and how they are socially constructed. The ascetic morality expressed through its main character, Sheikh Siti Jenar, has its own energy to convey the side of human life that is lived like other people live it.Sheikh Siti Jenar is a sensational figure through his teachings that are monotheistic. It is not so when reading the novel trilogy by Agus Sunyoto. The spiritual aspects of religion, which are presented can be said to be logical when viewed through the angle of asceticism. Research studies conducted in the form of text with the approach of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The data collected from the text unit of the novel trilogy of Sheikh Siti Jenar by Agus Sunyoto. The result of this research is, asceticism as individual morale leads to social and political morale. And the ascetic ethos of Sheikh Siti Jenar as a human person provides the impetus and limitation to act in his daily behavior. So the ascetic morality of Sheikh Siti Jenar has a general and expansive character
Perempuan dalam Drama Seri Televisi "Greatest Marriage": Perspektif Feminis Liberal
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap upaya tokoh perempuan dalam drama seri televisi “Greatest Marriage” menghadapi budaya patriarkat. Masalah yang dibahas adalah upaya tokoh perempuan dalam menghadapi budaya patriarkat; yakni upaya mereka dalam berkompromi atau bernegosiasi dengan patriarkat. Teori yang digunakan dalam penganalisisan data adalah teori feminis liberal. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik penyimakan. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa perempuan dalam drama yang diteliti telah mendobrak budaya patriarkat di lingkungan keluarga, tempat bekerjanya (kantor), dan di ranah hukum seperti mengkritik undang-undang perkawinan dan hak asuh anak. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah patriarkat diafirmasi oleh kelas atas yang secara ekonomi sudah mapan. Namun, kekuatan itu dapat dilawan dengan liberalisme, pendidikan, dan modernitas. [Title: Woman on Television Drama Series “Greatest Marriage”: Liberal Feminist Perspective]. This research aims to reveal the attempts of female characters in the television drama series "Greatest Marriage" in confronting the partriarchal culture. The problem discussed here is how the efforts of women leaders in the face of patriarchal culture, whether women can compromise or negotiate with the patriarchy. The theory used in analyzing the data is the liberal feminist theory. The method used is qualitative listening technique. The results illustrate that women in the studied drama have to break the patriarchal culture in the family environment, the place of work (office), and in the realm of law such as criticizing the laws of marriage and child custody. The conclusion of the research is that patriarchy is affirmed by the upper class who is economically established. However, that power can be challenged through liberalism, education, and modernity
Masalah Tanah dan Krisis Lingkungan di Bali dalam Antologi Puisi Dongeng dari Utara Karya Made Adnyana Ole
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mendekripsikan masalah tanah dan krisis lingkungan di Bali dalam antologi puisi Dongeng dari Utara. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah sepuluh puisi bertema masalah tanah dan krisis lingkungan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode pustaka dengan teknik catat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah interpretasi dan pemahaman dengan teknik analisis konten. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori konflik dan ekokritik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik lingkungan di Bali berkembang sebab faktor pariwisata yang menggerus lahan pertanian di Bali. Sementara itu, krisis lingkungan di Bali merupakan masalah pokok dalam pemanfaatan lingkungan dan upaya pelestarian tanah sebagai unsur alam. Dengan demikian, kehadiran sastra, khususnya puisi, merupakan potret sosial tentang kondisi lingkungan yang terjadi di Bali.
Kata-Kata Kunci: puisi, masalah tanah, krisis, lingkungan
Abstract: This study aims to describe the land problem and the environment crisis in Bali in the anthology Dongeng dari Utara. The data sources of this research were ten poems themed on the land problem and environmental crisis. The data were collected through library method using recording technique. The data were analyzed by interpretation and understanding using content analysis technique. The theory used was the theory of conflict and ecocriticism. The result indicates that tourism is gradually destroying agricultural soils in Bali and therefore causing the number of environmental conflicts in Bali to grow. Meanwhile, the environmental crisis in Bali is the central issue in the use of the environment and the conservation of soil as a natural element. Thus, the presence of literature, especially poetry, is a social portrait of the environmental condition existing in Bali.
Key Words: poetry, land problem, crisis, environmen
Tanda-Tanda Puitik Sajak “Pertanyaan Srikandi” Karya Wiyatmi
Full text linkAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan dan mendeskripsikan tanda-‐tanda puitik sajak Pertanyaan Srikandi karya Wiyatmi dengan pendekatan semiotik. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana tanda-‐tanda puitik pada tataran sintaktik, semantik, dan pragmatik terekspresikan dalam sajak Pertanyaan Srikandi? Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif interpretatif dengan ditopang analisis konten. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa tanda-‐tanda puitik sajak Pertanyaan Srikandi pada tataran: (1) sintaktik semiotik menunjukkan bentuk sajak bebas; (2) semantik semiotik menunjukkan adanya testimoni Srikandi yang berisi pernyataan jati diri semasa kini sebagai perempuan androgini atau semasa generasi Sri Kresna sebagai kenya wandu yang berusaha menggugat akan kesetaraan gender; dan (3) pragmatik semiotik membuktikan adanya bentuk ujaran tunggal, komunikasi searah dengan saluran komunikasi teks tertulis, sudut pandang aku terlibat, dan menonjolkan fungsi bahasa aspek referensial situasional yang berisi pesan gugatan seorang perempuan dalam menghadapi tebalnya tembok patriarkat.
Kata-‐Kata Kunci: tanda-‐tanda puitik, semiotik, sintaksis, semantik, pragmatik
Abstract: This study aims to reveal and describe the poetic signs of "Pertanyaan Srikandi" by Wiyatmi with semiotic approach. The research problem is how the poetic signs at the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic levels are expressed in the poem "Pertanyaan Srikandi". The study used qualitative method supported with the content analysis. The result shows that: (1) at syntactic level, the poetic signs of "Pertanyaan Srikandi" show the form of free verse; (2) at semantic level, the signs show Srikandis testimony containing statements during her current identity as an androgynous woman or during the generation of Sri Krishna as kenya wandu androgyny seeking a gender equality; and (3) at pragmatic level, they prove the existence of singular speech form, unidirectional communication through communication channel of written text, involvement of first person point of view, and emphasis on the situational referential aspects of language function containing a challenging message of a woman in dealing with the strength of patriarchy. Key Words: poetic signs, semiotic, syntactic, semantic, pragmati