Atavisme: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Sastra
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REPRESENTASI MONSTROSITAS PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL MANTRA LILITH KARYA HENDRI YULIUS
Full text linkThis research aims at conyeving the representation of monstrous feminine in novel Mantra Lilith by Hendri Yulius (2017). The issue discussed is how the representation of monstrous feminine in Mantra Lilith. The theory used in this research is the monstrous feminine theory proposed by Creed (2003) and the abject theory of Kristeva (1982). This research used analytical descriptive method. The data from the novel is described to obtain an overview of the representation of monstrous feminine. The results show that female sexuality is a monstrous that it is represented as a snake in a novel narrative. Monstrosity is also constructed to two mother figures who refused to live in the confines of patriarchal ideology by choosing to be widows. In addition, the representation of monstrous feminine is presented through allusion to stories that have been known before such as the stories of Red Riding Hood, Timun Mas, and The Little MermaidPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan representasi monstrositas perempuan dalam novel Mantra Lilith karya Hendri Yulius (2017). Permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimana representasi monstrositas perempuan digambarkan dalam novel Mantra Lilith. Dengan memfokuskan pada konsep monstrous feminine yang dikemukakan oleh Creed (2003) dan teori abjek dari Kristeva (1982), penelitian ini menggunakan metode deksriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan representasi monstrositas perempuan dan seksualitas perempuan yang disimbolkan oleh ular. Monstrositas juga dilekatkan pada perempuan yang menolak hidup dalam kungkungan ideologi partiarki. Secara narasi, dalam novel ini representasi monstrositas perempuan ditampilkan melalui pengalusian terhadap cerita-cerita yang sudah dikenal sebelumnya seperti kisah Gadis Berkerudung Merah, Timun Mas, dan Putri Duyung
Ideologi dalam Novel Pabrik Karya Putu Wijaya
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ideologi dan formasi ideologi dalam novel Putu Wijaya yang berjudul Pabrik dengan menggunakan teori hegemoni Gramsci. Masalah penelitian ini adalah ideologi apa yang dapat ditemukan dalam novel dan bagaimanakah pembentukannya. Untuk mengungkap ideologi dan formasi ideologi dalam novel ini, penelitian menggunakan metode melalui langkah-langkah berikut: (1) menentukan subjek penelitian; (2) melakukan studi kepustakaan; (3) mengidentifikasi ideologi berdasarkan teori hegemoni Gramsci; dan (4) menganalisis formasi ideologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada empat ideologi dalam novel tersebut, yaitu (1) ideologi otoritarianisme; (2) ideologi individualisme; (3) ideologi liberalisme; dan (4) ideologi anarkisme. Formasi ideologi dalam novel tersebut muncul dalam tiga hubungan, yaitu hubungan kontradiktif antara ideologi otoritarianisme dan demokrasi, hubungan korelatif antara ideologi liberalisme dan hedonisme, dan hubungan bawahan antara ideologi otoritarianisme dan liberalisme. [Title: Ideology in Putu Wijaya’s Pabrik]. This study aims to reveal the ideology and ideological formation in Putu Wijaya's novel entitled Pabrik using Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The problem of this study is what ideology that can be found in the novel and how its formation is. In revealing the ideology and ideological formation in the novel, this research is organized through the following steps: (1) determining the subject of research; (2) conducting library research; (3) identifying ideologies based on Gramsci's theory of hegemony; and (4) analyzing the ideological formation. The results show that there are four ideologies in the novel; those are (1) the ideology of authoritarianism; (2) the ideology of individualism; (3) the ideology of liberalism; and (4) the ideology of anarchism. The ideological formation in the novel appears in three relationships, namely the contradictory relationship between the ideology of authoritarianism and democracy, the correlative relationship between the ideology of liberalism and hedonism, and the subordinate relationship between the ideology of authoritarianism and liberalism
Pembentukan Identitas Baru Tokoh Imigran dalam Empat Cerpen Karya Dua Pengarang Berlatar Belakang Imigran Wladimir Kaminer dan Dilek Güngӧr
Full text linkThis research aims to reveal the depiction of formation of the new identity of immigrant characters in four short stories written by two immigrant authors in contemporary German literature, Wladimir Kaminer and Dilek Güngӧr. This study discusses how the immigrant characters build their new identities and their self-subjectivities in four short stories, namely “Schlechte Vorbilder”, “Deutsch-russisch Kulturjahr”,” Geld oder Leben” and “Blondes Barbie”. This study applies Hall’s (1990) identity theory and Bhabha’s (1994) hybridity theory. This study uses the qualitative approach with the descriptive-analytics method. The result of this study argues that the identity formation of immigrant characters is performed by imitating other cultures and presenting the past memory of the immigrant characters in their present lives as an effort to liberate the immi-grant characters from their otherness and to build their self-subjectivities. In addition, the depiction of formation of the immigrant characters’ new identities also shows that identity is a fluid concept, and a means of rejection of the two immigrant authors towards the essentialism concept of identity.This research aims to reveal the depiction of formation of the new identity of immigrant characters in four short stories written by two immigrant authors in contemporary German literature, Wladimir Kaminer and Dilek Güngӧr. This study discusses how the immigrant characters build their new identities and their self-subjectivities in four short stories, namely “Schlechte Vorbilder”, “Deutsch-russisch Kulturjahr”, "Geld oder Leben” and “Blondes Barbie”. This study applies Hall’s (1990) identity theory and Bhabha’s (1994) hybridity theory. This study uses the qualitative approach with the descriptive-analytics method. The result of this study argues that the identity formation of immigrant characters is performed by imitating other cultures and presenting the past memory of the immigrant characters in their present lives as an effort to liberate the immigrant characters from their otherness and to build their self-subjectivities. In addition, the depiction of formation of the immigrant characters’ new identities also shows that identity is a fluid concept, and a means of rejection of the two immigrant authors towards the essentialism concept of identity
Strategi Naratif dalam Penggambaran Konflik Ideologis pada Novel Kambing dan Hujan Karya Mahfud Ikhwan
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap strategi naratif dalam penggambaran konflik ideologis antara Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Muhammadiyah serta negosiasi antartokoh yang ditampilkan di dalam novel Kambing dan Hujan karya Mahfud Ikhwan. Masalah yang dibahas adalah bagaimanakah strategi naratif untuk menggambarkan konflik ideologis antara NU dan Muhammadiyah serta bagaimanakah negosiasi ideologis antartokoh ditampilkan di dalam novel. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori strategi naratif yang dikemukakan oleh Mieke Bal (1997) dan Fludernik (2009). Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk menggambarkan konflik ideologis antara NU dan Muhammadiyah dalam novel digunakan strategi naratif melalui narator, fokalisasi, alur, dan latar. Konflik ideologis muncul karena adanya ketidaksamaan praktik-praktik keagamaan yang dilakukan oleh para tokoh sebagai representasi anggota kelompok NU dan Muhammadiyah di dalam novel. Pada akhirnya, berbagai negosiasi ditampilkan dalam teks melalui representasi tokoh yang berafiliasi dengan NU dan Muhammadiyah untuk meredam konflik ideologis di antara keduanya.[Title: The Narrative Strategy in Representation of Ideological Conflict in Mahfud Ikhwan’s Novel Kambing dan Hujan]. This research aims at conveying narrative strategy in depicting ideological conflict between Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, and negotiations among the characters in Kambing dan Hujan novel written by Mahfud Ikhwan. The problem-discussed in this study is how the narrative strategy depicts ideological conflicts between NU and Muhammadiyah and how ideological negotiations of those characters are depicted in the novel. The theory is the theory of narrative strategy proposed by Mieke Bal (1997) and Fludernik (2009). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The result shows that to describe the ideological conflicts between NU and Muhammadiyah, the novel uses narrative strategies through narrator, vocalization, plots and setting. Ideological conflicts arise because there is inequality of religious practices performed by the characters appearing in the novel as a representation of both adherents of NU and Muhammadiyah. At the end, any kind of negotiation is displayed through the representation of the characters affiliated with NU and Muhammadiyah to diminish the ideological conflict between them
Kajian Ekobudaya dalam Novel Tirai Menurun Karya Nh. Dini
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta budaya dan tata nilai budaya Jawa dalam novel Tirai Menurun karya Nh. Dini. Masalah yang dibahas adalah fakta-fakta budaya dan tata nilai budaya Jawa. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pemahaman arti secara mendalam. Sumber datanya novel Tirai Menurun dan data berwujud kutipan satuan cerita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) fakta-fakta budaya Jawa dalam novel Tirai Menurun mencakup segala aktivitas tokoh terkait dengan adat istiadat yang berlaku dalam masyarakat untuk kepentingan kehidupannya. Keseluruhan aktivitas dijalani dalam rangka mengawali kehidupan keluarga hingga kematian; (2) tata nilai budaya Jawa dijadikan standar dalam menjalani hidup sehingga diperoleh keselarasan. Tokoh menjalani kehidupan secara total dengan berpedoman pada nilai-nilai budaya yang telah ditanamkan oleh keluarga. Simpulan penelitian: (1) fakta-fakta budaya dalam novel Tirai Menurun meliputi upacara pernikahan, kehamilan, dan kematian; (2) tata nilai budaya Jawa yang berlaku adalah keselarasan dalam pikiran, perkataan, dan perbuatan sehingga dapat membedakan yang baik dan buruk. [Title: Study on Ecoculture in The Novel Tirai Menurun by Nh. Dini]. This study is describing the cultural facts and values conveyed in Nh. Dini’s Tirai Menurun using the descriptive method by means of in-depth comprehension in the forms of quotations. Descriptive and interactive-dialectical approaches were applied in the analysis, resulting as follow: (1) Javanese cultural facts found in the novel are portraying all of the conducted activities related to the characters for the benefit of life, starting from family life until death; (2) Javanese values are used as a standard of life in order to obtain harmony in life. The character in the novel is using those values, that have been instilled by the family, to live the life. The conclusions of the research are: (1) cultural facts of Javanese culture in the novel are started from wedding, then pregnancy, until death; and (2) the values of Javanese culture to achieve better life are reflected through harmony in thoughts, words, and deeds in life in order to distinguish between good and bad
Heroisme Pada Perang Kemerdekaan di Kota Surabaya dalam Puisi Indonesia
No full textThe aims of this research are to interpret, analyze, as well as describe the form and problems of heroism in Surabaya City on Indonesian postcolonial poetry. Heroism is very essential for the life of anation therefore its also voiced out by the poets through their poetry. This research uses heroism concept and postcolonial literary theory in a qualitative method. The result concludes that heroism in Surabaya City on some postcolonial Indonesian poetries is expressed through war setting descriptions. On the other hand, heroism is also linked with reflections to interpret the independence and sincerity of the of heroes. Heroism and ambivalent situations are also voiced by the poets related to the development of Surabaya City which becomes more complex.Abstrak: Puisi Indonesia modern terus berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. Berbagai dimensi kemasyarakatan diekspresikan oleh para penyair sebagai representasi sosio-kultural, termasuk hubungannya dengan heroisme di Kota Surabaya dalam perang kemerdekaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginterpretasi, menganalisis, dan mendeskripsikan heroisme dalam puisi Indonesia dikaitkan dengan perang kemerdekaan pada tahun 1945 dan sesudahnya. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori pemaknaan puisi, khususnya teori representasi Stuart Hall dalam naungan cultral studies. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa heroisme dalam puisi Indonesia terkait perang mempertahankan kemerdekaan di Kota Surabaya disampaikan oleh penyair dalam bentuk deskripsi situasi peperangan pada bulan November 1945. Pada pascakemerdekaan, heroisme dikaitkan dengan renungan untuk memaknai kemerdekaan dan ketulusan para pejuang. Heroisme dan situasi ambivalen juga disuarakan para penyair terkait perkembangan Kota Surabaya yang semakin kompleks