Atavisme: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Sastra
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KAJIAN STRUKTUR TEKS, BENTUK KATA DAN JENIS QĀFIYAH ATAS QASHĪDAH HUWA AN-NŪR KARYA HABIB ALI AL-HABSYI
No full textThis research aims to describe the text structure of Qashīdah Huwa an-Nūr based on Badr's structural theory and explain word form of and type of qāfiyah used in this qashīdah based on Masykuri theory. This research used qualitative method with analysis descriptive technique. The results of this research found that the main idea of the text structure of Qashīdah Huwa an-Nūr is 'love of the Rasululllah SAW’. The feature of using figure of speech metaphor and hyperbola is expressed in simple and familiar vocabulary. Based on the research of the word form and types of qafiyah, Qashīdah Huwa an-Nūr has one word form, that is qāfiyah some words. While the word type of qāfiyah is qāfiyah muthlaqah variety. The alphabets of qafiyah are rawiyy, washl, khurūj, and ridf. The Vowels of qāfiyah are majrā, nafādz and chadwu. The name of qafiyah is a mutadārik. The lack of qāfiyah is not found in this Qashīdah.ABSTRACTThis researchgoals to describe the text structure of Qashīdah Huwa an-Nūr based on Badr's structural theory and explain the form of the word and type of qāfiyah used. The method used is qualitative descriptive with technique of analysis in the form of library technique. The results of this research include text structure as Jawwun-Nash, Al-‘Ardhu Al-‘Ām Li an-Nashshi, al-Fikrah, ‘Awatif, and language styles. The feature of using figure of speech metaphor and hyperbola is expressed in simple words. Based on the research of the form of words and types of qāfiyah, Qashīdah Huwa an-Nūr has two types of words, that is some words and one word.While the type qāfiyah include; The variety of qāfiyah is muthlaqah. The alphabetsof qāfiyah are rawiyy muthlaq washl, khurūj, ta'sīs, and dakhīl. The Vowels of qāfiyah are rass, majrā, isybā' and Nafādz. The name of qāfiyah is a mutadārik and disablement of qāfiyah is not found in this qashīdah.
KETIKA BUMI MENAKLUKKAN LANGIT: KAJIAN NARATOLOGI KANAINAI ABANG NGUAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF A. J. GREIMAS When Earth Defeating Heaven: Narratology Analysis of Kana Inai Abang Nguak In A. J. Greimas Perspectives
No full textThis research aims discuss one of the kana stories, Kana Inai Abang Nguak, using A. J. Greimas’ perspective. Kana Inai Abang Nguak is lyrical folklore of Dayak Desa community, recited in a specific kind of song with ritual formal language. Characters in kana usually relate heavenly life. The story, however, represent the philosophy and world view of Dayak Desa community. The theory used is the narratology of A. J. Greimas’ perspective. The Inai Abang Nguak narrative consists of seven sequels of (scene) story centered on Inai Abang as the subject of the story. From the analysis, the earth’s success in defeating the heaven is based on three main reasons; 1) although the heaven has some superior characteristics such as eternal life, the earth and the heaven have a close relationship as one family; 2) the act of heaven in arresting adat eldery of the earth is considered as a serious violation that deserves an act of resistance from the earth; and 3) the powers of the earth (humans, animals, spirits, and supernatural power) unite attact the heaven and bring back the earth harmony. It can be concluded that Greimas narratology can be used to comprehend the surface structure, deep structure, and discursive structure of a folkstoryAbstrak: Kana Inai Abang Nguak merupakan salah satu folk lyric masyarakat Dayak Desa yang dituturkan dalam bahasa ritual formal dengan cara dilagukan. Tokoh kana biasanya berkaitan dengan kehidupan khayangan dan merepresentasi alam pemikiran dan pandangan dunia masyarakat Dayak. Makalah ini bermaksud membahas salah satu cerita kana yaitu Inai Abang Nguak dengan menggunakan perspektif naratologi A. J. Greimas. Teks Inai Abang Nguak terdiri dari tujuh sekuen (adegan) cerita skema aktansial yang berpusat pada Inai Abang sebagai subjek cerita. Keberhasilan bumi mengalahkan langit (khayangan) disebabkan oleh tiga faktor: 1) sekalipun langit dikaruniai hidup kekal, mereka sesungguhnya bersaudara dengan bumi ini; 2) tindakan langit menangkap para pemangku adat bumi adalah pelanggaran berat yang perlu mendapat perlawanan keras dari bumi; 3) kekuatan bumi bersatu padu (manusia, hewan, roh, dan kesaktian) menyerang langit dan mengembalikan harmoni bumi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa naratologi Greimas dapat digunakan untuk memahami struktur fisik, struktur batin, hingga struktur diskursif sebuah cerita rakyat. Abstract: Kana Inai Abang Nguakis one of lyrical folkloreof Dayak Desa community, recited in a specific kind of song with ritual formal language. Characters in kana ussualy related with heavenly life. The story, however, representing philosophy and world view of Dayak Desa society. This paper aims at discussing one of kana stories, which is Kana Inai Abang Nguak using narratology theory of A. J. Inai Abang Nguak nattarive consist of seven scenes stories centered at Inai Abang as the subject of the story. Succesful of earth in defeating heaven was based on three main reason. 1) Although heaven has some superior characteristics such as eternal life, earth and heaven have a closed relationship as one family. 2) The act of heaven in arresting adat eldery of earth is considered as a violence of earth common life and the people of earth should fight back. 3) The strength of man power of the earth supported by spitirual being is a leathal weapon in destroying heaven. Finnaly earth defeating heaven and the hamony of the world is back. I can conclude convincingly that Greimas narratology could be used to understand deeply about surface structure, deep structure, and discursive structure of a folkstory.
The Ideological Reflection in F. Scott Fitzgerald's Novel, The Great Gatsby, (Post-Colonial Literature)
Full text link This study aims to disclose the cultural reflection of post-colonialism in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby. This research uses analytical approach of post-colonial literature in the form of colonial behavior passed down to the weak, namely the colonized who consciously or unconsciously becomes the object of ideological oppression and power hegemony. The data collection techniques were reading, identifying, classifying, interpreting, inferring. The results of the analysis of events in the novel suggest that the descriptions of the colonized ideology are in the forms of hybrid ideology, mimicry, ethnicism, racism, sexism, and classism. The author describes that Gatsby has reflected ideology of hybrid, mimicry, racism, and ethnicism in his struggle to change his social status to be a rich man designated as the Jazz to attract Desy, his former girlfriend who has left him to marry Tom who has reflected ideology of classism and sexism to the colonialized native inhabitant
Power Praxis at The Beginning of The Meiji Era: Tradition and Modern Discourse
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate how the discourse of Japanese society tradition with conservative mindset as the impact of Tokugawa power that applied sakoku (isolation politics) for more than two hundred years began questioned, criticized and disputed in Hanauzumi’s novel by Jun'ichi Watanabe. This study uses Foucault's discourse approach that is applied to express the form of discourse by external and internal exclusion. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, the data collected is data that explains the problem of production and distribution of discourse based on Foucault's external and internal exclusion. The results of this study indicate that Jun'ichi Watanabe produces, distributes and transforms modern discourse as counter discourse against the discourse of tradition to change the way of thinking, customs and culture that harm women
Hazel’s Struggle to Get Her Self-Actualization in John Green’s The Fault in Our Stars
Full text linkThis research aims to analyze John Green’s novel The Fault in Our Stars which focuses on analyzing Hazel Grace’s character and her struggle to face a stage IV cancer thyroid. The aims of this research are to describe the characteristics of Hazel Grace in The Fault in Our Stars novel and to reveal Hazel’s struggle to fulfill her needs based on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of need theory. The character and characterization approaches are applied as the foundation of this research. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of human need theory is applied as well. This theory is classified into five stages of needs which consist of physiological, safety and security, love and belongingness, self-esteem and self-actualization needs. The writer analyzed the data collected by categorizing them into five points which are included in hierarchy of needs. As a conclusion, Hazel able to fulfill her needs with her struggle as well as her self-actualization
MELINTASI HORISON INTERPRETASI IDEOLOGIS DALAM NOVEL RITOURNELLE DE LA FAIM KARYA J.M.G.LE CLÉZIO
Full text linkThis research focuses on the study of ideology in Ritournelle de la Faim by J.M.G. Le Clézio. Presenting main characters who are coming from the dominant class, the texts reveals its ambivalence forms. It stimulates question towards the text resistence potential itself over the dominant ideology, whether the text itself is subversive or ultimately collapse under the dominant ideology. To analyze this issue, Frederic Jameson’s Political Unconscious theory is applied. The findings of this study are: 1) political horizon shows the text as the imaginary resolution over the social contradiction, through critical works towards bourgeois class; 2) social horizon shows that the ideologeme can be found in the form of the society demoralization which creates the ambivalence of the characters. This ultimately deflects bourgeois values as a fantasy of an ideal life; and 3) modes of production has put the author as a cynical subject, where the author's ideology contained in the text has been distorted in a certain way by late capitalism ideologyPenelitian ini berfokus pada kajian ideologi pengarang dalam novel Ritournelle de la faim karya J.M.G.Le Clezio. Upaya kritik dengan menghadirkan kisah heroine dari kelas dominan, justru menunjukkan bentuk-bentuk ambivalensi di dalam teks. Hal tersebut memunculkan kecurigaan atas potensi resistensi dari teks, yaitu apakah teks bersifat subversif atau pada akhirnya tunduk pada ideologi dominan itu sendiri. Untuk mengkaji permasalahan tersebut, maka digunakan tiga tahapan horison interpretasi Frederic Jameson. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) horison politis, teks RDLF hadir sebagai resolusi imajiner terhadap kontradiksi sosial yaitu melalui upaya kritik terhadap kelas borjuis; 2) horison sosial ditemukan ideologeme berupa demoralisasi masyarakat yang kemudian menghadirkan ambivalensi tokoh (-tokoh) dalam novel RDLF. Hal ini pada akhirnya justru membalikkan nilai borjuasi sebagai sebuah fantasi hidup ideal; 3) Pada horison modus produksi, pengarang muncul sebagai subjek sinis, dimana teks telah terdistorsi sedemikian rupa oleh ideologi kapitalisme lanjut
ISU PERUNDUNGAN DALAM LET’S SING WITH ME KARYA KKPK (KECIL-KECIL PUNYA KARYA)
Full text linkThis paper aims to show the issues of bullyingin Let’s Sing With Me (2013) written by KKPK (Kecil-Kecil Punya Karya). The acts of bullying are conducted by female characters towards her female peers. The bullying caused by envious feeling among characters takes forms of discrediting, insulting, and name calling. Narrative strategy theories proposed by Mieke Bal (2009), Fludernik (1997), and Priyatna (2010) were used to discuss the issues of bullying. The focalisator’s analysis shows the existing issues of bullying represented through the attitudes of female characters as the perpetrators and victims of bullying. The results of this study indicate the presence of harassment that is portrayed specifically through female characters. The acts of bullying described are parts of the verbal, physical, and social categories of bullying. This research also found that the narrator takes neither sides, the victims nor the perpetrators. Thus, it can be argued that the novel takes a passive stance against bullying in a way that it even lets bullying to occur.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan isu perundungan dalam karya KKPK (Kecil-Kecil Punya Karya) berjudul “Let’s Sing With Me” (2013). Perundungan dilakukan oleh tokoh perempuan terhadap teman sebayanya yang juga perempuan. Perundungan disebabkan rasa iri antar tokoh, berupa celaan, penghinaan, dan julukan negatif. Teori strategi naratif yang dikemukakan oleh Mieke Bal (1997), Fludernik (1997), dan Priyatna (2010) digunakan untuk membahas isu perundungan. Analisis fokalisator menunjukkan adanya isu perundungan yang digambarkan melalui sikap yang ditampilkan tokoh perempuan sebagai pelaku dan korban perundungan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perundungan yang ditampilkan secara spesifik melalui tokoh perempuan. Kenikmatan sadistik yang dialami pelaku terhadap korban menjadi hal yang biasa. Perundungan yang digambarkan merupakan bagian dari kategori perundungan secara verbal, fisik, dan sosial. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa narator tidak berpihak kepada pelaku maupun korban perundungan sehingga dapat diargumentasikan kedua novel bersikap pasif terhadap isu perundungan dan bahkan membiarkan perundungan terjadi
