Asian Online Journal Publishing Group (AOJPG)
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Nutrition for Pre-school Children in Africa and Asia: A Review Analysis on the Economic Impact of Children’s Malnutrition
Get PDFNutrition is known to be the key driver in well-being and fitness generally, and as a driving force behind the growth of capital and child food, it is a source and a product of greater health problems, family income and living conditions. The first 1,000 days of maternal and child care concentrate on healthy physical exercise and cognitive improvement, with long-term health and economic consequences for people and economies. The research reviewed Nutrition for Preschool Children in Africa and Asia and illustrated the economic effect of malnutrition in infants. The review indicated that nutrition for pre-school children in Africa and Asia remains insufficient to ensure enhanced economic and human growth and that each nation needs to consider how money is to be invested through the assistance resources that help the least per cent of the population to fix this gap for children and make it the most efficient investment in society. Citizenship and collective efforts, particularly the voice of youth, are important forces of transformation, which must be encouraged to meet SDGs. Democracy campaigns can play a crucial role in the struggle for justice for children and the family
Applying Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Develop a Model for Predicting the Supply and Demand of Teachers by Region
Get PDFAmong various methods to improve educational conditions, efforts are being made to reduce the number of students per teacher. However, for policy decisions it is necessary to reflect multiple factors such as changes in the number of students over time and local requirements. Time-series analysis-based statistical models have been used as a method to inform policy decisions. However, the existing statistical models are linear and the accuracy of their predictions is inferior. Also, since there are both internal and external factors that influence the number of students and thus the prediction of the number of required teachers, it is necessary to develop a model that reflects this. Therefore, in this study, an artificial intelligence model based on machine learning was developed using the XGBoost technique, and feature importance, partial dependence plot, and Shap Value were used to increase the model's explanatory potential. The model showed a performance of less than 0.03 RMSE, and it was confirmed that among several factors the economically active population had the most significant effect on the number of teachers. Through this study, it was possible to examine the applicability of an artificial intelligence model with improved explanatory possibilities in predicting the number of teachers
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Training Program Developed for Teachers Working with Dyslexic Students on their Competencies
Get PDFIn Turkey, the number of studies determining the competence level of classroom teachers working with dyslexic students is limited. It is thought that a dyslexia training program, which will be developed based on teacher needs, will meet the training needs of teachers. In this study expletory sequential mixed method was adopted and, qualitative research method was used in the first stage and quantitative research method in the second stage. In the first stage, the teacher training program was developed in the light of the data obtained by semi-structured interview technique. Pre-test post-test control group experimental design was preferred in the process of evaluating the effectiveness of the program. The study group consists of 46 teachers working in primary schools of Karaman province. The independent samples t-test analysis between the two groups and the dependent group t-test analysis between the pre-test post-test scores revealed a significant difference between the means of the groups. As a result, teachers who consider themselves competent and receive the necessary training will both support their students with dyslexia more comprehensively and display a more positive attitude
Coping Strategies in Adolescent Siblings of Individuals with and Without Physical Disability
Get PDFRaising a child with a physical disability can be challenging for families and may demand strong coping strategies to maintain stability in family relationships. According to the previous literature, sibling bond is a process that plays a vital role in an individual’s growth and development since childhood. Thus, it is very important to understand the underlying linkage between siblings. This study aims to extrapolate the affinity amongst siblings and their way of coping when one individual is physically disabled, as these siblings may carry potential triggers of disturbed emotional state. This comparative study included 100 overall participants. 50 participants for each of the two groups without gender specification, selected by purposive sampling from different special schools in Karachi, Pakistan. The measures involved, Coping Strategy Indicator, Amirkhan (1994a) which is a self-reporting scale along with a demographic form. It was formulated that, the coping strategies of typically developing adolescent siblings of individuals without physical disability had no difference as compared to the coping strategies present in typically developing adolescent siblings of individuals with physical disability. This study serves as an implication for the psychologists and care givers who need to be well-adjusted to the needs of both disabled and non-disabled individuals, as the results depict an integral literature for different institutionalized settings where disabled individuals receive better support needed by them to establish further stronger bonds within their household especially with their siblings
Young Women’s Narratives of Lived Experience in Face of Multiple Constraints and Barriers in Tanzania
Get PDFYoung rural women in Tanzania lack opportunities to speak about themselves and their lived experiences. This study employed participatory narrative inquiry (PNI) to afford a space for young rural women who relocate to urban centres for a better life to tell stories of their lived experiences. In relocating to urban centres, young rural women hoped to find decent work to earn an income but the lack of qualifications required for employment in the formal sector in the urban centres expose them to unconventional and dehumanizing livelihood strategies, including sex work. The study gives an insight that patriarchy in rural areas of Tanzania creates gender inequality to the extent that young women lack opportunities for self-actualization and for a better life. Hence there is a need to comprehend and disrupt unfair structures that limit and prevent opportunities and independence for young rural women in Tanzania
The Readiness of Government Schools to Deal with the Emergency and Crisis Situations from School Administrators View Point
Get PDFThe study aimed to identify the readiness of government schools to deal with emergency situations and crises from the viewpoint of their administrators. Totaling (326) male and female administrators, the sample was randomly chosen during the first semester (2018/2019), and a tool was developed consisting of (26) items distributed in three domains. The results showed that the estimates of the sample members on all domains came with a high degree of readiness, and showed that there are statistically significant differences attributable to the variable of the school gender and in favor of males, and the presence of statistically significant differences attributable to variable years of experience and in favor (from 10-5 years, and more than 10 years), and the absence of statistically significant differences attributable to the variable of the academic qualification with the exception of the domain of preparedness and prevention and in favor of postgraduate, and the presence of statistical differences due to the variable of the school level and in favor of the (secondary) schools. The study recommends employing early warning devices to detect any emergency occurring in educational institutions
The Relationship between the Sports Manager Behavior and Locus of Control of Students Taking Sports Management Education
Get PDFThe study aims to determine the degree to which sports managers show behaviors related to management processes and to what extent the focus of control of sports managers affects these behaviors, to increase the performance of sports managers. The universe of the research consists of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th-year students studying at the Department of Sports Management of Uşak University. The sample of the study, which was conducted with the non-probabilistic sampling method, in which 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error were used, consisted of 231 students, male = 155, female = 76. “Sports Manager Behavior Scale” and “Internal-External Locus of Control Scale” were used in the study. In general, it was determined that the students participating in the research have a very high level of sports manager behavior and internal-External Locus of Control. 95.7% of the students have internal control and 4.3% have an external locus of control
Carbon Emission Reduction and Financial Performance in an Emerging Market: Empirical Study of Indian Firms
Get PDFThe study aims to examine the impact of carbon emission reduction on financial performance in an emerging market context. Thirty eight Indian-listed firms were drawn from the Bombay Stock Exchange for the sample, and firms’ data were collected from sustainability reports and Capitaline Plus corporate database. Carbon productivity and market-to-book ratio were used as a proxy to measure carbon emission reduction and financial performance, respectively. Results show a positive association between carbon emission reduction and financial performance after employing the appropriate panel regression model. This study contributes to the ongoing “pays to be green” literature, and the findings of this study complement the “win–win” research by empirically showing that corporate effort to reduce carbon emission generates a positive impact on firm’s financial performance. Moreover, the findings provide crucial managerial and policy implication
Anti-Bribery Disclosure Trends Among Mining Sector Stocks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the developing trend of anti-bribery disclosure among mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample data of research is an 81 -observation firm- year period during 2017–2019. The results of the study revealed that there is increasing information about anti-bribery disclosure from year to year. The most frequently disclosed information relates to corporate whistle-blowing system policies. The results indicated that the size of the board of directors, whether the entity is a state-owned company, and the type of auditor employed by the firm are positively significant influences on a corporation’s anti-bribery disclosure. Meanwhile, profitability has a negatively significant influence on anti-bribery disclosure, and there appears to be no effect at all from either firm size or firm leverage on a company’s anti-bribery disclosure. The authors recommended that regulators consider more anti-bribery activity and require disclosure of a company’s policies as evidence of its commitment to stakeholders and to demonstrate transparency, policies, and efforts to eradicate corruption and comply with ethical standards. This proposal can be supported by governmental regulations and ISO 37001 standards to permit companies to relatively easily implement an anti-bribery management system that would be highly useful to counter the risks of corruption cases
Sustainability Reporting on Financial Performance of Sri Lankan Listed Companies: How Strong is the Impact?
Get PDFThis study seeks to examine and identify the impact of sustainability reporting (SR) on the financial performance (FP) of listed companies in Sri Lanka. Data were collected from annual reports of listed companies where sustainability is disclosed in line with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework. A quantitative approach was used to gather relevant data of the entire population of 289 companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange, representing 20 different market sectors. Following purposive sampling, 55 listed companies were ultimately considered, based on the report preparation of those companies having been in line with the GRI framework from 2015/16 to 2018/19. SR was gathered through content analysis based on G4 and GRI standards and measured using an SR index. The authors measured FP using return on assets (ROA). After collecting the data, the authors analyzed it with panel data regression. Findings revealed an insignificant negative impact of SR on the FP of the listed companies in Sri Lanka. Further, researchers identified the impact of each disclosure of SR on FP and identified mixed results