Asian Online Journal Publishing Group (AOJPG)
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Clinical Evaluation of Serum Alpha Feto-Protein (AFP) and Interlukin-6 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Full text linkBackground: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the important cancers worldwide and predominant in Asia and Africa. A number of evidence suggests a possible role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and α-Fetoprotein (AFP) in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Patients and methods: We studied both IL-6 and AFP in patients with HCC or in healthy controls. Serum IL-6, AFP was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Chemiluminescent immunoassay respectively in 30 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 30 normal subjectsResults:IL-6 and AFP was found in high levels in the serum of patients initially diagnosed with HCC (18±9.8), and (315.99±594.62) respectively compared with healthy subjects (4.29±2.10).and (3.13±1.27).A significant positive correlation was found between mean levels of IL- 6 & AFP in HCC (P < 0.05), Combination of IL-6 and AFP improved the sensitivity in diagnosing HCC or predicting future HCC development. Conclusions: IL-6 along with AFP could be considered a promising tumor marker for HCC. In particular, the diagnostic value of the test is significantly increased when combined with AFP
Exploring the Potential Transmission Risk of Schistosomiasis Japonica in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China
Full text linkVector snails are important in the life cycle of schisosomiasis, the need to understand the ecologic factors that could enhance snails’ survival and trigger schistosomiasis transmission necessitated this study. Therefore, the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission was explored in Zhangjiagang region, a non-endemic area in lower reaches of Yangtze River, eastern of China. The key indictors, including snail survival rate, spawn rate, hatching rate and gland development, were investigated through the designed experiments, routine snail and infectious source surveillance. The results showed that there was no significant difference in surviving rate, spawn rate, hatching rate and gland development between groups of simulated environments in laboratory, similar finding in field experiments, which suggested that snails stand a high possibility to survive in these non-endemic areas once they spread into these areas from other places. And no snails and infectious source were found either in the previous routine monitoring in the past decades and the snail surveillance we conducted from 2007 to 2013. Therefore, there is little risk in the study areas in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. However, the sporadic and imported cases are still seen in a few areas adjacent to the endemic or transmission interrupted areas as the important infectious source, thus become a risk of schistosomisis transmission or re-emergence in these areas where the snail exists. Hence, maintaining routine monitoring and surveillance can be one of the effective and efficient ways to prevent the re-emergence of Schistosomiasis
Sediment Dynamic in Barito Delta, Southern Kalimantan, Indonesia
Full text linkThe objective of the research was to analyze the sediment dynamic during wet and dry seasons both in subaqueous and subaerial of Barito Delta. Barito Delta is located in southern part of Kalimantan Island. The delta boundaries are Barito River in the East, Kapuas Murung River in the West, Java Sea in the South and PulauPetak River in the North. The decline of forest land in the delta and in the catchment might increase the sediment supply for delta development.The data of the research were collected through field survey both in the subaqueous and in the subaerial. The equipment used in the research was sediment sampler for the subaqueous and hand auger for the subaerial. The sediments taken in both areas of subaqueous and subaerial were treated for grain size, sorting and skewness. The sediment deposition pattern was analyzed through Landsat imageries interpretation. The results proof that sediment grain size in subaqueous delta in wet season consisted of clay, silt, fine sand and medium sand. Sorting of sediment in wet season and dry season was poor-very poor. The skewness in wet season had the positive value in all samples while the skewness in dry season had partly negative value and partly positive value. Tidal and wave came from seaside had important role for sediment redistribution during dry season, especially along the Kapuas Murung River. The texture of sediment in subaerial was dominated by fine sediment with mottles due to the influence of quartz materials and tide fluctuation. Peat ripe status in Barito delta is sapric-peaty soil
Sources and Pathway of Environmental Pollutants into Surface Water Resources: A Review
Full text linkSurface water pollution could threaten human, animal and ecosystem. Global human population and urban development are increasing at unprecedented rates, thereby creating havoc to the surface water quality. This study aims at reviewing some recent studies on sources and pathway of environmental pollutants into surface water resources. The review discusses point and non-point, natural and anthropogenic sources of surface water pollution. Further, it highlighted some influence of land use and land cover changes on the surface water resources. This review recommended that Public should be enlightened and educated by the regulatory authority regarding the danger of rampant disposal of domestic and industrial wastes into surface water resource which will help to reduce the pollutant loads
Prediction of Persistent Organic Pollutants Biodegradation in Contaminated Marine Sediments Using Passive Sampling Probes
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to evaluate a new configuration (new materials) of the commercial passive sampler Chemcatcher as probe for predicting the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants in marine sediments. To predict the availability of pollutants to biota, it is important to understand both solution- and solid-phase processes in the sediment, including the kinetics of pollutants release from its binding agent (ligand and/or particle). The present study examined the kinetic of desorption and biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in two different marine sediments sampled in the Adriatic Sea. The sediments were spiked with a standard mix of 16 PAHs in the range of 11-12 mg/Kg (dry sediment). Formaldehyde was added into the sediments to prevent biodegradation. After equilibration, the passive probes were placed in the specimens with prevented biodegradation, recovered and analyzed at prefixed time slots (in the range of 50 days) for the assessment of the accumulated PAHs; in parallel a little amount of sediments was collected and the residual concentration of PAHs was measured. Free PAHs in the sediment pore waters were also determined. The results suggest that the kinetically labile solid-phase pool of PAHs, which is included in the DGT measurement, played an important role in biodegradation processes along with the free PAHs in sediment pore water
I Use Firewood but I Do Not Grow Trees: An Analysis of Tree Planting Exercise among Rural Households in Ghana
Full text linkFuel wood is still the world’s major source of energy at a time that the world is advocating conservation of our natural resources as well as finding ways to deal with climate change. As a result, this study examined rural households tree planting activities in Ghana. Relying on primary data gathered from 207 household heads selected from rural areas within the tropical forest and savannah zones of Ghana, the study found that majority of the interviewees rely on firewood for cooking and heating of water. However, only 15% of those respondents who use firewood indicated they plant tree and this could be attributed to lack of proper education on tree planting
Use of Acupuncture in the Complex Treatment for Pain Dysfunction Syndrome of a Temporomandibular Joint
Full text linkComplex treatment for pain dysfunction syndrome of a temporomandibular joint has been developed and proved pathogenetically. High efficiency in the use of acupuncture in the treatment for pain dysfunction syndrome of a temporomandibular joint as compared to pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy has been demonstrated
Asymptotic Analysis of Darcy-Brinkman-Boussinesq Model for Convection in Porous Media
Full text linkIn this article, we study the asymptotic behavior of the infinite Prandtl-Darcy number Darcy-Brinkman-Boussinesq system. We derive the asymptotic expansion with respect to the Brinkman-Darcy number, which improves the result obtained by Kelliher, et al. [1]