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Good agricultural practices in horticultural production under cover in the LVRN, Patagonia, Argentina
Full text linkThe surface area of covered crops in the lower valley of the Negro River (Patagonia, Argentina) is significant, producing first fruits in summer and leafy vegetables in winter. Producers are interested in transitioning to agroecology, moving away from traditional management of horticultural crops. The objective of this work was to characterize vegetable production under cover in the Lower Valley of the Negro River. To achieve this, greenhouses of producers employing both management systems were surveyed. The methodology proposed by Sarandon was used, focusing on three dimensions of analysis: economic, social, and environmental. A survey was designed with indicators suggested by experts, and 16 establishments were visited to analyze the structure of the greenhouses, the crops present, and the quality of the soil and water. Most producers are beginning their activities with small modules, covering less than 2000 m2, with structures made of treated wood and covered with polyethylene. The technological level is low, requiring training and technical assistance to meet the local demand, with expectations of sustained growth over time. Around 10 different vegetables are grown in winter, and between 5 and 7 species in summer, with tomatoes being predominant. Since producers in agroecological transition have only recently started, they differ from traditional producers in crop diversity, soil physicochemical and biological conservation, and low dependence on external inputs
The effect of field independence on self-control and self-management skills in distance education of freshman college students to the strategy for ADHD students
Full text linkThis research aims to determine the extent to which first-year tertiary students exhibit Field Independence (FI) as a mediator in their self-control and self-management skills (SCMSk). The second phase of the study aimed to investigate strategies for preparing high school students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to successfully navigate their academic lives based on the findings from the first phase. Explanatory sequential design was used in this mixed-methods research. The researcher selected 400 first-year students as participants and asked them to respond to a questionnaire based on five major factors. The focus group discussion included 10 special education teachers, four school directors and six psychologists who provided suggestions and strategies to assist ADHD students while attending online lessons. The examination of the goodness-of-fit indices (GFI) for this model was found to be .982 and FI served as a partial mediator in this model. Furthermore, SCMSk was directly influenced by other factors. In the second phase, the stakeholders proposed effective strategies by focusing on the development of five relevant factors. The findings are advantageous for teachers and other stakeholders working with students with ADHD. Variables could serve as indications helping teachers develop effective strategies to enhance online learning
The instructional leadership and 21st-century competencies of Indonesian school principals
Full text linkPoor teaching quality indicates an unpleasant learning environment, tends to inherit knowledge that impacts the learning process as limited to tacit knowledge, and does not reach the explicit knowledge process, resulting in lower productivity and poor morale. This study aims to analyze the influence of instructional leadership on the competencies of school leaders in the 21st century. The descriptive method was used, with a cross-sectional survey design and a quantitative approach. The participants were 384 school principals, with a sample of 196 from different levels of public elementary, junior high, senior high, and vocational high schools in Riau province. The study results showed a P-value of 0.000, a t-value of 21.188, and a p-value of 0.05. These results indicate that instructional leadership significantly contributes to 21st-century competencies. Based on the average variable of school leadership, the visionary indicator has a high contribution. Meanwhile, the indicators with the highest contributions to 21st-century competencies are critical thinking and problem-solving. In conclusion, policymakers, especially the government, should conduct instructional leadership training for school principals focusing on the functions of visionaries, virtual managers, innovators, mentors, conveners, and virtual teams
Impact of tablets on learning and perceptions of the indigenous educational community of Amazonas
Full text linkThe objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of tablets on the learning of indigenous students in the department of Amazonas and to analyze the perceptions of educational subjects regarding the pedagogical use of these technological tools. A quantitative-descriptive approach was used employing standardized tests and perception surveys. The population consisted of 2,342 students whose learning was assessed and 180 respondents, including teachers, parents, and indigenous students. The results showed that 82% of students were at the lowest learning levels with only 4.7% achieving a satisfactory level. 54.65% of teachers had never used tablets for pedagogical purposes due to a lack of training (84.84%) and connectivity (55.10%). Regarding parents, 49.80% stated that these tools were never used for educational purposes. 59.72% of students responded that they had never used tablets at home for educational purposes. The conclusion is that connectivity limitations and a lack of training have led to a low impact on learning and negative perceptions in the educational community. Thus, the need to implement comprehensive strategies for training, connectivity and the provision of technological resources to improve the education of indigenous students is underscored
Leveraging blockchain-based approaches for IoT security
Full text linkBlockchain technology is transforming various sectors, including the Internet of Things (IoT), by providing a decentralized and secure framework for data management and transaction processing. However, securing IoT devices and networks remains challenging due to their vulnerabilities and the increasing complexity of cyber threats. Blockchain-based solutions offer promising avenues to enhance IoT security, yet their adoption is hindered by the lack of a unified taxonomy and comprehensive architectural analysis. To advance the field, a standardized classification system is essential for comparing different blockchain security models and identifying the most suitable options for specific IoT applications. Additionally, deeper architectural evaluations are needed to examine trade-offs related to security, scalability, and efficiency. Empirical assessments are also crucial to test how these models perform under various threat scenarios and operational environments. This paper addresses these gaps by proposing a structured taxonomy, conducting systematic architectural evaluations, and providing empirical performance assessments. These efforts aim to support the development of secure, efficient, and scalable blockchain-based security solutions tailored to the unique challenges of IoT systems. Ultimately, this work seeks to strengthen trust and reliability in the integration of blockchain technologies within the IoT ecosystem
Multivariate GARCH estimations of volatility spillover amongst oil prices, exchange rates and news-based uncertainty in the CEE - 3 countries
Full text linkThis study empirically examined the comparative difference in the outcomes of multivariate GARCH estimations in the volatility transmission amongst oil prices, new-based policy uncertainty and exchange rates of the CEE-3 countries. The methodological scope is restricted to BEKK-GARCH, Constant CCC-GARCH and VEC-GARCH. The results of this research indicate significant transfer of volatility from the HUF/EUR, PLN/EUR, and CZK/EUR exchange rates to the price of Brent oil. The BEKK-GARCH results uphold the co-volatility with relation to exchange rates and oil prices in the CEE-3 countries and this was found as highly reciprocating and interdependent. The research also established a reciprocating transmission of volatility between the fluctuating price of oil and news based economic policy uncertainties in Hungary and Czech. The CCC-GARCH model sufficiently estimated oil price volatility spillover on currency rate and its volatility spillover on oil price fluctuation in Czech while VEC-GARCH model estimations sufficiently estimated oil price volatility transmission to exchange rates. The Polish and Czech news-based policy uncertainties were significant in influencing the PLN/EUR and CZK/EUR exchange rates respectively. The BEKK-GARCH and VECH-GARCH model estimations are efficient and hence highly recommended for ascertaining the volatility transmission within the financial markets in the CEE-3 countries
Bridging intentions and behavior: Understanding residents’ pro-environmental behavior formation
Full text linkThis study explores the determinants of pro-environmental behavior (PB) in Pakistan, a country facing escalating environmental challenges, with the aim of understanding how psychological constructs and governance-related perceptions influence sustainable behavioral outcomes. By integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with Sustainable Governance Theory (SGT), the research seeks to provide a more comprehensive explanation of individual-level environmental action in a collectivist society. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 700 residents, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships between attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived government incentives, pro-environmental intentions (INT), and actual behavior. The results show that attitudes, norms, and behavioral control significantly enhance pro-environmental intentions, which positively predict behavior. However, perceived government incentives exhibit a counterintuitive effect, directly reducing PB (β = -0.29, p < 0.01) and weakening the intention-behavior relationship (β = -0.12, p < 0.01), suggesting a crowding-out effect on intrinsic motivation. Moreover, a notable intention-behavior gap (Δ = 0.27, p < 0.001) indicates that positive intentions do not always translate into action. These findings underscore the need for policymakers to move beyond transactional incentive models and design culturally resonant interventions that reinforce intrinsic values, community engagement, and long-term commitment to environmental sustainability
Effects of photovoltaic power plants connected to the grid from 2016 to 2022 in Senegal on carbon dioxide emissions
Full text linkThe use of fossil fuels for energy production has caused global warming, the main environmental concern of our society. Today, renewable energy sources offer a solution to this problem, and the government of Senegal is working to promote the renewable energy sector in order to combat global warming and produce reliable, affordable, and sustainable energy. The current work seeks to study the contribution of photovoltaic power plants to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide. Photovoltaic system operation, depending on atmospheric parameters, utilizes the RETScreen software to collect weather data such as ambient temperature, irradiation, and wind velocity for each location. Mathematical equations modeling the temperature, efficiency, and power of a photovoltaic module are used in this work to determine the influence of atmospheric conditions on solar power plants. The results showed that weather parameters have a significant influence on energy production. The results also demonstrated Senegal’s contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gases with 194.228 MegaWatts (MW) of solar photovoltaic plants. This contribution consisted of injecting 364.746 GigaWatt-hours (GWh) of clean energy per year, i.e., 7294.920 GWh over 20 years, and in reducing 314,411.1 tons of carbon dioxide per year, i.e., 62,288,222 tons over 20 years
The not-so-great divergence: Asian and western world energy economy before 1815, and beyond
Full text linkHere is an examination of Chinese institutional change and why the debate necessitates a new approach toward studying global economic divergence, one that focuses on a separation of historical mathematical evaluations rather than technological advancement. The Great Divergence debate is a historiographical discipline examining state formation in East Asia and its cultural evolution in juxtaposition with parts of Western Europe. The advent of steam power and other technologies in production and transport allowed Britain and others to extend their momentum past Malthusian restraints and separate themselves from "poorer" countries. But recently, the "California School" of historians like Bin Wong, Kenneth Pomeranz, and Andre Gunder Frank contend that China shared several similarities in proto-industrial development with their Western counterparts throughout Eurasia as late as 1750. My article will add impetus to an even newer argument by focusing on separate commentary from historians studying Europe’s transition to an Arabic numeral system and China’s insistence on traditional numeric methods. Modernity originated from a new abacus based on a ten-place system calculating numbers as large as 10^27, the year some purport it to have first been taught in Europe. Contemporary calculating devices and literacy materials are built on a similar model of arithmetic standards
On approach to increasing the density of field-effect heterotransistors in the framework of a level shifter: Influence of mismatch-induced stress and porosity of materials on the technological process
Full text linkIn this paper, we introduce an approach to increase the density of field-effect heterotransistors in the framework of a level shifter. In the framework of the approach, we consider the manufacturing of the inverter in a heterostructure with a specific configuration. Several required areas of the heterostructure should be doped by diffusion or ion implantation to the required types of conductivity (p or n) to manufacture the recently described transistors. After that, dopants and radiation defects should be annealed in the framework of an optimized scheme. The optimized scheme leads to obtaining a maximal compromise between increasing the homogeneity of the concentration of dopants in the enriched area and increasing the speed of the decrease of dopant concentration after the enriched area. We also analyzed the influence of the porosity of materials of the heterostructure and mismatch-induced stress near the interfaces of the heterostructure on the technological process. At the same time, we consider an approach to decrease the value of mismatch-induced stress in the considered heterostructure. We present an analytical approach to analyze mass and heat transport in heterostructures during the manufacturing of integrated circuits with account for mismatch-induced stress. The approach gives the possibility to take into account spatial and temporal variations of the considered technological process at one time, as well as the nonlinearity of the appropriate processes