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Investigation of Anaerobic Power, Static Balance, and Speed Performances in 10-12 Years Old Children Doing or Not Doing Sports
Get PDFIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the anaerobic power, static balance, and speed performances of 10-12 years old children doing or not doing sports. In our study, 20 girls between the ages of 10 and 12 doing sports, and 20 girls between the ages of 10 and 12 not doing sports who both live in the city center of Batman voluntarily participated. The analysis of whether the data showed normal distribution was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the t-test was used to make comparisons between independent groups. At the end of the study, when the post-test results of the control and experimental groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was found in the vertical jump, standing long jump, static balance, and 100-meter sprint test values (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the 30 meter speed test values (p>0.05)
Corporate Governance Quality and Capital Structure Dynamics: Evidence from Pakistan
Get PDFCorporate governance is highlighted as an important aspect of developing economies. The literature well explained the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure, but little is known about the role of debt as a takeover defense and disciplinary tool, particularly for a debt-based economy such as Pakistan. This study used data from 173 non-financial firms listed on a stock exchange in Pakistan from 2008 to 2017. For the empirical investigation, the study incorporated the Orthogonal Generalized Method of Momentum approach to unbalanced panel data owing to endogeneity. The findings show that in over-levered firms, the adjustment speed of capital structure is slower with weak corporate governance. This result indicates that managers use debt as a takeover defense tool to protect their jobs, even at the cost of shareholders’ benefits. However, for under-levered firms, the adjustment speed of capital structure with weak governance is slower. This aspect specifies that the disciplinary effect of debt is more important for managers. This study concludes that managers with weak corporate governance take benefits at the cost of shareholders’ wealth. The study recommends that managers should develop an understanding of corporate governance to safeguard the rights of the shareholders
Consumers’ Intention to Purchase Green Skincare Products: Evidence from China
Get PDFThis study examines factors affecting customers’ intention to purchase green skincare products in China to provide some managerial recommendations to existing companies. The theory of planned behavior was applied to formulate our research hypotheses and establish our proposed model. A total of 121 Chinese consumers responded to a survey we conducted online. Process and structural equation modeling are also employed to test the moderation effect (Hayes & Preacher, 2013). We find that consumers’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control significantly affect their purchase intention. Moreover, the country of origin and price sensitivity has a moderation effect on the above relationships. The above findings can help green skincare companies to understand customer purchase behaviors in these modern times. This study contributes to the literature by addressing the gap in previous research on green skincare products in Mainland China. The respondents comprise Chinese university students who will become the main customers in the next few years. This study provides novel findings and inspires skincare companies to increase customer purchase intention by changing their strategy based on its influencing factors
Quantitative Portfolio Management Through Carbon Budgeting in PSX Perspective
Get PDFPortfolio management requires investment managers to consider investor preferences before taking any investment decisions. Some of the investors might be interested in building a clean, environmentally friendly, and carbon-free portfolio, assuming it as their corporate social responsibility (CSR) or owing to some fear of future loss arising from the ban on environment-hampering companies that might not be following the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) requirements. Historically, we have seen a ban on Chinese products because of the issues of carbon emissions. Similarly, during SMOG, many brick kilns and iron foundries are closed in Pakistan every year. The carbon budgeting on the portfolio can help achieve the CSR and sustainability goals of investors. The study attempts to develop a portfolio based on historical data, which could yield optimum results while remaining carbon conscious. The study aims to find the best-performing portfolio that could be more ESG compliant and may achieve CSR objectives to protect the environment and investors’ interests simultaneously. The findings show that companies segregated based on carbon footprint can create a carbon-free portfolio (approximately 25%) without a material impact on the expected risk and return profile. To be more ESG compliant, an investor can compromise slightly on returns, that is, only compromising 3% of the profit, we can maintain a 50% compliant portfolio in Pakistan’s environment. The study tries to improve the understanding of regulatory requirements but would also help us gain the confidence of investors who are keen to see carbon-free portfolios or in other words want to ensure investments in environmentally friendly industries
The Impact of Service Quality Dimensions on Customer Satisfaction: Case Study of University Utara Malaysia
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality (reliability, empathy, tangibility, assurance, responsiveness) on customer satisfaction in University Utara Malaysia (Education Service). Each variable is measured using 7-point interval scale: reliability (6 items), empathy (6 items), tangibility (5 items), assurance (10 items), and responsiveness (5 items) on customer satisfaction (6 items). Using the primary data collection method, 160 questionnaires were distributed to postgraduate students inside University Utara Malaysia (Sintok Campus), in north Malaysia. The responses collected were 98 completed questionnaires representing with 61.25 % response rate. The data were analyzed using Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS 7. Confirmatory factor analysis of measurement models indicates adequate goodness of fit after a few items were eliminated through modification indices verifications. Goodness of fit for the revised structural model shows adequate fit. This study has established five direct effects: (1) reliability customer satisfaction; (2) empathy and customer satisfaction; (3) tangibility and customer satisfaction; (4) assurance and customer satisfaction; (5) and responsiveness on customer satisfaction. And, this study concludes that all hypotheses have been asserted in the revised model
A Study on the Impact of Rural Electrification on the Agricultural Productivity in MIMAROPA-Region 4B, Philippines
Get PDFThis study examines the effect of rural electrification to agricultural productivity in the MIMAROPA-Region 4B, Philippines. Rural electrification is said to have a significant benefit particularly in agricultural productivity. There are several challenges among the implementation of rural electrification. Low rural incomes can make it difficult to afford and long distances mean more power losses, as well as costly customer service and equipment maintenance. This research proves that rural electrification positively affects agricultural productivity. A multiple regression analysis will be used to evaluate the data to be obtained and determine the relationship between the regressors and the dependent variable. For this study, the independent variables are the percentage of rural electrification (RE), cost of electricity (CE), and the period of democracy (PD). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is agricultural productivity (AP). The data will be sourced from various government agencies in the Philippines including Energy Regulatory Commission, Department of Agriculture MIMAROPA, and Philippine Statistics Authority MIMAROPA
Evaluation of Cocoyam-Soybean Flour Blends and Sensory Properties of the Amala Dumpling
Get PDFAmala, a staple food among the Yoruba people of South West Nigeria, is mostly produced from yam. Since yam is known to be mostly carbohydrate and soybean is a legume with an appreciable quantity of protein, efforts have been made to prepare amala from the blends of cocoyam and soybean flours. The protein content of the flour blends ranged from 3.73% to 13.81%. In general, there was increase in the concentration of protein with increasing level of soy flour substitution. Unlike protein, the crude fibre content of the flour blends decreased with increasing supplementation of soy flour. Increase in oil content of the flour samples, with increasing addition of soy flour, predisposes the samples to shorter shell life and off flavor because of liability to rancidity. The lowest bulk density of 0.78 g/cm3 was recorded for sample A (100% cocoyam flour) and hence none of the flour blends could be considered as a complimentary infant substitute. In general, supplementation of cocoyam flour with soy flour enhanced the concentrations of protein, ash and dietary fibre. Therefore, it is hoped that consumption of cocoyam amala supplemented with soy flour, a cheap source of plant protein, will not only create dietary diversity, it will make more protein available for the consumers and thus help in alleviating the problem of protein energy malnutrition in developing regions of the world
The Relationship between Online Learning and Student Satisfaction with Training Quality in Private Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the relationship between the influential factors of online learning and the satisfaction of economics and business majors with the quality of their training in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 900 students in private universities completed a questionnaire. The principal findings of this research are that the students are satisfied with their online learning and that learning conferencing software is the most important driving factor leading to the students’ satisfaction when compared with learning conditions and learning devices. Another interesting finding is that the experience of using learning conferencing software results in a slight difference in the students’ perceived level of satisfaction, adding that users with more than two years’ experience are more satisfied with their training quality than users with less than one year’s experience. However, the results also show that students want to switch to offline learning when the pandemic is over. This study should, therefore, be of value to higher education authorities wishing to understand their students’ perceptions of online learning. In addition, results from the study suggest more managerial approaches as well as improve the online teaching quality during the pandemic
COVID-19 Pandemic: Do Learning Motivation and Learning Self-Efficacy Exist among Higher Vocational College Students?
Get PDFCOVID-19 first appeared in the first quarter of 2020 and spread rapidly throughout the world. Now, schools in China have resumed face-to-face teaching on campus, but the COVID-19 Pandemic still impacts normal teaching activities and student psychology. This quantitative research revealed the levels of learning motivation and learning self-efficacy among higher vocational college students. This study also investigated whether these variables vary according to students' gender, hometown, family structure and field of study. In addition, this research examined the relationship between students' learning motivation and learning self-efficacy. The sample for the survey was 1018 students from a public higher vocational college in Shandong Province. The research collected data via two surveys, the Learning Motivation Scale (LMS) designed by Tian and Pan (2006) and the Learning Self-Efficacy Scale (LSS) designed by Liang (2000). The research used percentages, means, standard deviations, independent group t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze the data. The results revealed that higher vocational college students' learning motivation and learning self-efficacy scores were above the median score of the two scales. The study found that learning motivation did not vary according to students' gender, field of study or family structure. However, students from different hometowns showed a significant difference in their learning self-efficacy but no significant difference in their learning motivation. Finally, the researchers discovered a significant positive correlation between learning motivation and learning self-efficacy
Impact of Differentiated Instruction on the Mathematical Thinking Processes of Gifted and Talented Students
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to examine if differentiated instruction benefits the mathematical thinking process of gifted and talented students in Malaysia. Differentiated instruction is a student-centered technique in which instructors act as facilitators. It is doubtful, however, if differentiated instruction has a beneficial effect on the overall process of mathematical thinking. A disciplined approach to learning mathematics is deemed essential. In this study, a questionnaire was designed to assess students' motivation towards learning using differentiated instruction in mathematics, and a mathematics test was devised to assess students' mathematical thinking process. The study included 400 students who were identified as gifted and talented students; the data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The results suggest that statistically differentiated instruction has a significant effect on gifted and talented students' mathematical thinking processes. However, additional research is needed to discover which activities directly impact students' mathematical thinking processes positively and which should be avoided