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Shocks to Monetary Policy Instruments: Does Credit to the Private Sector Respond in a Similar Manner to Public Sector Credit in Nigeria? A Vector Autoregressive Approach
Get PDFThis paper aims to investigate the response of private and public sector credit to shocks in monetary policy instruments with a view to ascertaining if the responses differ. The study utilized the vector autoregressive (VAR) model with monthly data covering the period from 2010M1 to 2021M8. Findings show that credit to private sector responds positively to shocks in money supply and monetary policy rate (MPR) in all periods. However, the response to cash reserve requirement (CRR) was negative beginning from period five, and it also responded negatively to foreign interest rate shock. On the other hand, credit to government was found to respond positively to shocks in money supply up to period two and CRR in all the periods, but it responded negatively to MPR starting from period three. The results of the variance decomposition show that other than shocks to itself, which was 100% in the first period, shocks to other variables influence private sector credit. Also, other than shocks to itself, which was 99.89% in the first period, shocks to other variables lead to shocks to credit to government. We therefore recommend that policies used to influence financial intermediation should factor in the sensitivity of both public and private sectors to these policy instruments and the impact of exogenous shocks should be factored into policy formulation
The Potential of Re-exports: A Probability for Fiji’s Trade Growth
Get PDFThis study investigates the significance of re-exports in Fiji. The dominance of the re-export of domestic exports is indisputable in Fiji; however, there is lack of literature concerning the performance of re-exports to total exports transiting the Fijian economy. This study aspires to fill that gap offering suggestions to strengthen the total exports of Fiji by diversifying the trade policies. Time series data is used for total exports, re-exports and domestic exports from 1985 to 2018 to establish an ARDL model. The model was subjected to diagnostic testing with a favorable outcome regarding the stability of the model for hypothesis testing. The findings re-affirm that re-exports are a significant predictor of Fiji’s total exports and trade growth. This research signifies the need for national policies to include the promotion of re-exports. Conclusively, the finding of this study is instrumental in updating or reshaping development policies for inclusive growth
Managing Information Communication Technology and Effectiveness of Electricity Distribution Companies: A Re-Strategizing and Evolving Paradigms
Get PDFPreponderance of literature on the effects of information communication technology addressed ICT functionality and usage majorly, leaving a lacuna in strategic alignment and management of ICT systems and processes. The study investigates the impact of Information Communication Technology Management (ICTM) on organizational effectiveness of Electricity Distribution Companies. Hypotheses were formulated to guide the study which relied on the survey research design. The population consisting of 937 was taken from the staff of the major electricity distribution companies in Nigerian namely: Port-Harcourt and Benin Electricity Distribution companies and subsidiaries; a sample of 280 was selected. Questionnaire was structured and administered through online survey. Consistency of instruments was confirmed at Cronbach Alpha value of 0.93 and Confirmatory Factor Analysis used to assess strength of the good fit of variables that predict the variables. Results affirmed significant relationship between ICTM’s constructs of facility availability, integration, polices, and effectiveness of Nigerian Electricity Distribution Companies
Relationship between Workplace Fun and Job Satisfaction among University Administrative Staff: Does Perceived Organizational Support Matter?
Get PDFResearch on the underlying factors connecting workplace fun and job satisfaction in public organizations is in dearth. Based on the aforementioned, this study examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support (POS) in the relationship between workplace fun and job satisfaction. A cross-sectional design was adopted for the study. The convenience sampling technique was used for selecting 167 university administrative staff consisting of 58 males and 109 females. Standardized self-report measures were adopted for data collection while the regression analysis (complemented with model 1 of Hayes' PROCESS Macro) was used for testing the hypotheses via the IBM-SPSS version 25. The results indicated that workplace fun positively and significantly predicted job satisfaction. POS was positively and significantly related to job satisfaction but did not moderate the relationship between workplace fun and job satisfaction. The research findings suggest that workplace fun and POS are salient factors for the experience of satisfaction at work. It is recommended that workplace fun should be encouraged and supported by the organization as this has a unique way of improving job satisfaction
Influence of Packaging Material and Rates of Potassium Permanganate on Post Harvest Ripening of African Eggplant (Solanum Macrocarpon)
Get PDFClimacteric fruits (banana, apple, pear, avocado, garden egg and mango) are actually eaten when ripen; but garden egg is not palatable when ripens and decreases demand. Influence of packaging material and rates of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) on postharvest ripening of garden egg was evaluated to access the interactive effect of KMnO4 and packaging material in delaying ripening. Two packaging materials; polythene and jute bags, KMnO4 at 0g, 3g, 6g and 9g were used. The experiment was a 2 x 4 factorial laid in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Eight treatment combinations were randomly distributed. Fruits were stored for seven days and were observed every 2 days. Result revealed that packaging material influenced postharvest ripening of garden egg with polythene bag reducing the intensity of ripening and significantly reduced shrinkage. Similarly, KMnO4 at (3g and 9g) significantly delayed ripening intensity at 4 and 6 days of storage
Efficiency Determinants of Educational Wastage Programs
Get PDFCOVID-19 pandemic lockdowns converted traditional face-to-face teaching practices to online processes, resulting in thousands of students losing out on accessibility to education. The educational wastage program was introduced to enable students to recover their abilities and to improve their skills. The objective of this research is to study the determinants of such programs, including the inputs and the outputs. The teachers who participated in this program formed the population of this study; the random sample included 1500 teachers, both males and females. The collected questionnaire responses were downloaded into the SPSS software. The results show that time management is the most important factor that affects output of the recovery programs in educational wastage. The second factor that affects output of the recovery programs is the subjects introduced. Teachers’ participation in formulating such recovery programs is considered very important to improve output. The study recommends the participation of teachers in formulating recovery programs
Impact of Prezi Media-Assisted Problem-Based Learning on Scientific Literacy and Independence of Elementary School Students
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the impact of Problem Based Learning (PBL) with the support of Prezi media on scientific literacy and independence. The research design used was quasi-experimental in nature. The sample of this study consisted of 59 fourth grade students. Data were collected using a test and a questionnaire. The instruments used were a 20-item test to assess scientific literacy and a 30-item questionnaire to measure independence. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and statistical inference. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used in testing the hypotheses. The findings show that the PBL model supported by Prezi media has a simultaneous and partial effect on students' scientific literacy and independence. The findings also show that the Prezi media-enabled PBL model has a greater impact on scientific literacy than on students' independence
Determination of Exercise Attitudes of Pregnant Women
Get PDFIt is known that pregnancy is essential in the contribution of exercise to human health and the formation of healthy societies. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research techniques, was used in the research. The attitudes of pregnant women towards exercise before and during pregnancy and the factors affecting these attitudes were examined. The research group comprises 10 pregnant women, who are university graduates and work as professionals, who voluntarily participated in the research while living in Düzce. It is assumed that university graduates and professional pregnant women are the most qualified part of society in terms of health awareness and sports habits. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect data. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with pregnant women from different professions and at different stages of their pregnancy. NVIVO 11 statistical program was used in the analysis of the data. Although the participants thought that it was beneficial for their health, it was determined that they had various fears. Due to these fears and the fact that specialist doctors do not recommend exercise, even pregnant women who did not have any problems during their pregnancy avoided exercising. It was observed that the exercise attitudes of the participants before and during pregnancy differed
Impact of Budget Deficit Financing on Money Supply in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study empirically investigated the impact of budget deficit financing on money supply in Nigeria. The study is modeled using a framework of Keynesian theory of budget deficit financing and Richadian Equivalent hypothesis. Due to the homogeneity of macroeconomic variables, it adopted a vector error correction mechanism (VECM) which shows the existence of long run relationship between money supply and indicators of financing budget deficit. The general findings revealed that external source of financing budget deficit; internal source of financing budget deficit as well as debt servicing has a significant effect on money supply for the period under review in the Nigerian context. Base on these findings, the study recommended that external and internal source of financing budget deficit should be encouraged for effective and increased economic stability in Nigeria and not for political reasons. It should be properly channeled to productive sector of the economy that enhances economic stability
Corporate Social Responsibility and Reputation: A Study on Top 100 Companies Operating in India
Get PDFThe corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of a company enhances a company’s credibility, thereby influencing the perception of its stakeholders in improving the corporate reputation of a company. This study examines this claim by empirically investigating the CSR performance of India’s top 100 companies and its impact on their reputational status. We have employed the panel-corrected standard error model by controlling companies’ financial performance, size, age, and market risk to analyze the impact of CSR performance on reputation. The result of the analysis is contradictory to the common belief that CSR positively impacts reputation building. Although this study is not novel in nature, it is incremental to the current literature as this study is conducted from an Indian perspective (where no study has been conducted as per our knowledge). This study uses data that are more objective and concrete than those of previous studies, making this study another valuable addition to the extant literature as it is an improvement over the previous study