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Specialist CEOs versus Generalist CEOs: CEO Type and Firm Performance Following Initial Public Offerings on the Chinese Market
Get PDFThis study focuses on the effect of Chief Executive Officer (CEO)-level characteristics on a firm’s survival following initial public offerings (IPOs). Specifically, it looks at the impact of generalist CEOs between July 2009 and July 2021 on the likelihood of firm failure and IPO survival. This study uses principal component analysis to create a generalist skills index based on CEO work experience, including the number of roles that the CEO has held, the number of firms in which the CEO has worked, the number of industries in which the CEO has worked, whether the CEO has taken a CEO position in other firms, whether the CEO has worked in a conglomerate, and whether the CEO holds a professional title. The results of the Cox proportional hazards model reveal that companies with a generalist CEO have a higher probability of failing than companies with a specialist CEO, which suggests that generalist CEOs pursue higher salaries and higher reputations through switching between different industries and firms. Performance-related compensation and CEO turnover in companies with generalist CEOs explain the higher probability of firm failure. The main results still hold after controlling for CEO power, board and firm characteristics, and testing using the logit model. This research on the connection between generalist CEOs and a firm’s failure risk also offers insight into a company's CEO hiring choice and job market activities
Effects of Demographic Factors on Population Dynamics in Imo State, Nigeria; Implications for Farm Labor Availability and Supply
Get PDFThe study assessed the effects of demographic factors on population dynamics in Imo State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used select 60 respondents. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the ordinary least square regression technique. Results showed that the area was dominated by female farmers 56.7%, and are married 66.7%. Most of the farming lands used was inherited, with more of hired laborers 76.7% used due to rural-urban drift. Results also showed that over 70% of the people migrated from rural to urban communities. Result further showed that age, gender, educational status, income level and poverty index were important and significant factors affecting population dynamics (expressed as index of rural–urban migration). The study recommended the crop farmers to join cooperative societies to raise funds to support large-scale production while the government is to provide basic rural infrastructures to checkmate rural-urban drift in the area
Exploring Lecturers' Perspectives on Inclusive Elementary School Mentoring Programs based on University-School Collaborative Partnerships in Indonesia
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to explore lecturers’ perspectives on the mentoring programs conducted by inclusive elementary schools based on university-school collaborative partnerships (USCP). The government has not fully addressed the problems faced in providing inclusive education in elementary schools in Indonesia. It is necessary to involve all parties, including universities, to help solve these problems. Universities should play an important role in the implementation of inclusive education through practical ventures such as continuous mentoring programs to enable positive outcomes in inclusive elementary school education. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with seven lecturers from universities in Indonesia that have teacher education faculties. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results provided insight into three areas of interest, namely the forms of mentoring activities, collaboration with inclusive elementary schools and the benefits of mentoring. An inclusive elementary school mentoring program based on university-school collaborative partnership is one that should produce mutual benefits for both parties. Universities are seen to be in a position to help inclusive elementary schools solve problems and provide appropriate solutions so that the implementation of inclusive education in elementary schools can follow government regulations. The government as the policy maker can be actively involved in evaluating inclusive education programs so that more flexible regulations can be introduced
Quantifying the Higher Education Leadership Competency Framework for Talent Management in Malaysia
Get PDFThis paper presents how a Malaysian centre associated with the ministry of higher education developed a framework for assessing leadership abilities in higher education. A qualitative approach is used in this study and the primary focus was on group discussions involving human resource professionals and well-known academics from higher education. The result of this study shows that the Behavioral Event Interview (BEI) instrument is used to quantify each of the five clusters that make up the higher education leadership competencies framework. These five clusters are: impact and influence, achievement and action, leading, cognitive and personal effectiveness. The leaders are then classified into five position levels ranging from Level 1 to Level 5. Level 1 is individual contributor which is coded as ‘Reviewable’ whilst Level 5: is leading the whole organization coded as ‘Significantly Exceeds’. The study’s findings provide an instrument for determining whether the potential leaders in high education institutions are ready to take on the responsibility of leading. In order to improve a leader’s abilities as a part of succession planning, the findings could assist the center. This study provides some considerations for alternatives to the prevalent frameworks for evaluating leadership skills in the interest of sustaining a high-quality organizational culture
Examination of Secondary School Students' Attitudes towards Communication and Collaboration Skills in Terms of Some Variables
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the communication and collaboration attitudes of secondary school students according to some variables and to determine if there is a relationship between students' communication and collaboration attitudes. The survey model was used in the study, and the sample consists of 405 secondary school students studying in Salihli, Manisa. “Secondary school students’ communication attitude scale (SSSCAS)” and “Scale for Self-Evaluation of Collaboration Skills (SSCS)” were used to collect data. According to analysis results of the data obtained, it was found out that the communication and collaboration attitudes of the secondary school students were at a high level and did not show statistically significant differences in terms of gender and educational status of the parents. On the other hand, there was a significant difference according to owning tablet/PC variable. Besides, there is a positive relationship between secondary school students' communication skills attitude and collaboration attitudes
Sink or Float: Experiencing Distance Learning Education through the Lens of College Students
Get PDFAt the onset of pandemic, schools offer online classes for those who have access to internet and correspondence-based learning (CBL) for those who have difficulties accessing internet signal. Hence, this study delved into the learning experiences of college students who subscribed to the CBL modality. Using phenomenology design, findings showed the difficulties and good experiences encountered in the CBL platform. Difficulties referred as sinkers are learning environment difficulty, scaffolding shortage and mental struggles. Good experiences referred as floaters are family bond support, mentor support, and dependent support. After two years of having this distance learning format, students still experience difficulties that pull them from achieving quality education. However, there are still good things out of these experiences which push them achieve their educational goals. This study hopes to contribute in advancing curriculum design, planning, and implementation of distance learning education, particularly those using solely modules in the Philippine education setting
Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance: Evidence from Vietnamese Listed Companies
Get PDFThis study investigates the impact of socially responsible factors on corporate performance, including industries from the manufacturing and service/non-manufacturing sector. The study analyzes data of 50 Vietnamese private companies from 2015 to 2019. The analyses use five groups of stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, consumers and suppliers, environment, and general community to measure the performance of corporate social responsibilities (CSR). Meanwhile, company performance was estimated using Tobin’s Q index, return on assets, return on equity, and earnings per share. CSR activities have a positive and significant effect on the development of the companies. However, these effects are not intensive. Among CSR groups, social dimension has the most influence, while environmental aspects are the least influential. Private small- and medium-sized companies in Vietnam should focus more on social responsibility activities to enhance their brand image and benefit their stakeholders while bringing sustainable values in financial activities. This study is one of the first CSR-based research in Vietnam under the proxy of Hexun framework
Comparing Transformation Disclosure Trends of Publicly Funded Universities in South Africa
Get PDFMore than 25 years into democracy, South Africa’s higher educational landscape remains challenged by the slow pace of transformation and the residual inequality of apartheid. We utilize a mixed-methods research approach to analyze, interpret, and compare transformation-related disclosures among publicly funded universities, with reference to their historical apartheid-era categorization. We particularly explore the mechanisms introduced to improve academic access and success of students from previously disadvantaged groups. Moreover, we identify the challenges that have contributed to the slow pace of transformation. ATLAS.ti was used to analyze and interpret the transformation- related disclosures in publicly available annual reports of the universities included in this study. We find that historically advantaged universities tend to disclose more support mechanisms, but historically disadvantaged ones face greater infrastructural challenges. We offer a unique perspective on the transformation support mechanisms and challenges experienced by public universities in South Africa based on their historical classification
Sustainability-Driven Enterprise: A Literature Review on Organizational Capabilities
Get PDFA sustainability-driven enterprise (SDE) is an organization that applies business principles to solve social and environmental problems. These organizations should be capable of managing the Triple Bottom Line tension within their organization. Furthermore, they should have a transformative impact on future generations and the development of global socioecological systems. The quest for an SDE and its organizational capability can be traced to the late 1980s. Since then, scholars and practitioners have published several hundred empirical studies and many reviews on this issue. However, the most extensive previous study analyzes only separate study domains, thereby making findings difficult to compare and generalize. Thus, knowledge of SDE organizational capabilities remains fragmented. This study extracts all av ailable primary and secondary data from previous academic studies registered in the SCOPUS databases to overcome this shortcoming. Thus, the study combines the findings of more than 100 individual studies from 2015 to 2021. Hence, this study is the most exhaustive overview of academic research on this topic from the Sustainable Development Goals declared in 2015. The results show that at least five organizational capabilities are required to build an SDE. This study will offer promising fundamentals for building SDE practices and creating further research. Suggestions for further research development are also provided
Impact of Green Human Resource Management on Employee Green Behavior: The Mediating Role of Green Attitude
Get PDFThis study’s main objective was to examine the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on green behaviors through the green attitude of employees. A sample of 150 employees from a chosen information technology company in Sri Lanka was drawn to accomplish this objective. The data were collected using a structured survey questionnaire, and the survey instruments were validated. The SPSS process macro was used to produce the expected impact findings. Results showed that the GRHM impacts green behaviors through employees’ green attitudes, indicating a partial mediation. The study concluded that organizations must engage in GHRM practices to strengthen employees’ green behaviors in implementing environmental and sustainability strategies. Theoretical implications of the study’s findings include validating the resource-based view, social identity theory, attitude theory, and measurement instruments used for the impact of GHRM on green behavior through green attitudes. The findings revealed GHRM’s contribution to the environmental management literature, particularly by creating new knowledge of the predicted impacts in the information and communication technology industry in a developing country context. This study also provides limitations and future research directions