Asian Online Journal Publishing Group (AOJPG)
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Teachers’ perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of online learning for students with disabilities in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFThis study investigates how Saudi Arabian special education teachers believe about online learning for students with disabilities evaluating their familiarity with the subject and identifying factors affecting their preparedness to adopt this mode of instruction. Researchers aim to understand educators’ perceptions of delivering special education through online platforms in Saudi Arabia through a cross-sectional analysis of quantitative data complemented by responses to three open-ended questions. The study involves 130 in-service special education teachers currently employing online methods to teach students with disabilities. The research findings reveal key insights: Firstly, most participants (79%) viewed online learning as beneficial for their students, echoing prior research highlighting its feasibility for students with disabilities. Secondly, many teachers indicated gaps in their knowledge (34%) and confidence (31%) related to online instruction emphasizing the need for tailored professional development. Lastly, challenges related to internet access (36%) and software availability (35%) underline infrastructure barriers requiring attention to facilitate effective online education for individuals with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing professional development and infrastructure enhancements to optimize the online learning experience in Saudi Arabia. This paper concludes by outlining practical implications and suggesting avenues for future research
Corporate Environmental, Social and Governance Performance and Carbon Washing in China
Get PDFBy focusing on a specific type of greenwashing behavior concerning carbon emission reductions, (i.e., carbon washing), the aim of this study is to investigate its antecedents in ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) performance and find relevant solutions in Chinese context. This study is designed under a framework of greenwashing triangle for both analysis and examination. The measurement of carbon washing is based on text analysis and content analysis of non-financial reports, and the results are obtained by ordinary least squares regression. The results show a negative relationship between firms’ ESG performance and carbon washing tendency, which is mediated through lowering the standardization of carbon disclosure. To combat it, reducing opportunities and rationalizations are both effective avenues, while reducing pressure leads to complicated results. The results offer enlightenment for the cautious usage and regulation of firms’ carbon disclosures. Understanding the causes of carbon washing helps to distinguish good performers from poor performers concerning carbon reductions, hence increasing market efficiency. Finding relevant solutions helps to fight carbon washing acts and improve the quality of carbon information. The value of the study is offering new insights in the mis informativeness of carbon disclosure, which helps avoid the generalities in conventional discussions of greenwashing. The measurement of carbon washing is original, based on previous researches
The Effect of Internal Control Mechanism Towards Fraud Prevention in Small and Medium Enterprises
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to examine the effects of internal control mechanism namely, control environment, control activities, risk assessment, information and communication, and monitoring activities on the fraud prevention amongst employees in SMEs. The study used quantitative method to collect data by distributing a questionnaire to 131 SME owners from various SME sectors to achieve the study’s objectives. Using regression analysis, the results obtained on the internal control mechanism of SMEs revealed that all the independent variables, namely, control environment, control activities, risk assessment, information and communication, and monitoring activities have substantial roles to safeguard SMEs business against fraudulent activities by the employees. This study would benefit business owners to assess the organization’s internal control mechanism that can prevent, detect, or minimise any attempted wrongdoing by employees. The value of this study lies in its contribution to understanding and enhancing fraud prevention mechanisms within SMEs. The specific aspects investigated—control environment, control activities, risk assessment, information and communication, and monitoring activities—provide valuable insights into the internal control systems of SMEs and their effectiveness in mitigating fraudulent activities by employee
The Effect of CSR Disclosure and Profitability on Firm Value in Food and Beverage Sub Sector
Get PDFThis study aims to obtain empirical evidence related to the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure and profitability on the value of food and beverage subsector companies. The research population is a food and beverage subsector manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2021. This study used a purposive sampling technique in sampling and obtained a sample of 48 companies with a total of 130 observational data. CSR disclosure in research is measured using GRI Standards, and profitability is proxied by Return on Equity (ROE). Firm value is proxied by Tobin’s Q with period t + 1, the use of periods in firm value is a novelty in research. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that CSR disclosure has a significant negative effect on firm value. While profitability has a significant positive effect on firm value. This study contributes to the literature by introducing a temporal perspective in firm value measurement, highlighting the delayed impact of CSR disclosure and profitability on firm performance
Examining the measurement invariance of the satisfaction with life scale across different age groups
Get PDFMeasurement invariance allows for the comparison and interpretation of scores obtained from the same scales at different times. In this respect, the purpose of this research is to examine the measurement invariance of the satisfaction with life scale applied to different age groups. The study employs the survey model, a type of quantitative research. The purposive sampling method was used in the research. This method is one of the non-random sampling types. This method collected data from 120 individuals under the age of 25 and 120 individuals over the age of 60 who resided in Ankara. The collected data were divided into two groups according to age: young and old. Measurement invariance was examined in four separate stages by performing Multiple Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis. These are configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance. The data were examined to determine the configural, metric, and scalar invariance across different age groups by using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis. As a result, configural (χ²/df=0.84;p>0.05), metric (χ²/df=1.26; p>0.01), scalar (χ²/df=1.38;p>0.05), and strict (χ²/df=1.43;p>0.05) invariance are provided that the satisfaction with life scale has invariance properties for two different age levels. This research's application of the satisfaction with life scale scores to various age groups demonstrates measurement invariance and yields results with a similar structure
The impact of natural resource rents on environmental degradation in case of USA: The role of technological innovation and renewable energy consumption
Get PDFThis study explores the impact of natural resource rents on CO2 emissions in the presence of renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and gross domestic product (GDP) in the case of the USA from 1990 to 2020. For sustainable development policies and to slow down environmental degradation, it is important to understand the intricate connection between resource rents and carbon emissions in the US. Thus, this study hypothesizes that after controlling for renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and GDP, among other variables, resource rents significantly contribute to carbon dioxide emissions in America. This study adds significantly to the existing literature on how resource rents affect CO2 emissions in the United States. This study employs quantile regression estimation techniques, which provide vital policy insights and academic contributions that are relevant to sustainable development and environmental conservation from both national and global perspectives. The results show that natural resource rents (NNRs) and GDP are positively associated with CO2 emissions at all quantiles. Moreover, the results indicate that technological innovation and renewable energy consumption are important in curbing CO2 emissions
Empowering communities for peace: Multitrack strategies for sustainable peacebuilding in Africa
Get PDFThe paper discusses approaches and analyzes strategies that has the potential to effectively address the root causes of conflicts and promote long-lasting peace in Africa. The study utilizes the concept of multitrack diplomacy theory to explore various interventions and strategies that might contribute to the transformation and prevention of conflicts. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive approaches that involve citizen diplomats, political elites, religious leaders, NGOs, the media, conflict resolution educators, and traditional rulers. The paper underscores the need to involve and empower local communities to give them a sense of ownership and authority over peacebuilding initiatives. Storytelling, interfaith activities, legal accountability, and education are recognized as useful methods for promoting reconciliation, preventing trauma, and developing the ability to resolve conflicts. The literature indicates that adopting a relationship-focused strategy, bolstered by multitrack diplomacy and local empowerment, can play a role in achieving lasting peace in Africa and other regions. The paper offers pragmatic insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders engaged in peacebuilding endeavors. It emphasizes the significance of promoting conversation, harmony, and shared comprehension while taking into account the specific requirements, objectives, and resolutions of the local community. By employing these tactics, individuals or groups with a vested interest in a particular issue can actively strive to bring an end to harmful disputes and facilitate inclusive processes of change that foster positive and enduring peace
Uptake of health insurance by the informal sector workers at Kenyatta market, Kibra sub-county, Nairobi County, Kenya
Get PDFThe uptake rate of health insurance in many countries is quite low, particularly in Africa and East Asia. In Kenya, the National Health Insurance has been lowly taken up by employees involved in the informal economy, this has been credited to a host of factors. This paper assessed the influence of education level, income level, marital status, and religious affiliations on the rate at which the National Health Insurance is taken up by informal sector employees in Kenyatta market. The theories of Maslow hierarchy of needs and Planned behaviour were anchors for the study. Descriptive research design was used. A sample of 241 respondents was chosen from the different strata identified based on a simple random sampling technique. Instruments validity was checked by experts in the field while Cronbach alpha coefficient was used in checking reliability. The findings show that only 64.4% of the sampled respondents had enrolled in NHIF scheme despite government policy that every Kenyan 18 years and above must enroll for NHIF. In addition, based on the binary logistic regression, it was found that education and income were positive significant predictors of NHIF uptake, religious affiliations have a negative influence on uptake of NHIF, and marital status was not a significant predictor of uptake of NHIF. The study findings will be significant to researchers in the area of project management in particular health projects financing
Digitalization of the professional training of foreign students in a Russian educational institution
Get PDFThe professional training of foreign students is currently strongly influenced by the "mobility factor", which is why digital technologies are pivotal for shaping a future specialist. The methodological possibilities of the digital environment allow not only to provide foreign students with the necessary knowledge and skills for interaction in a multicultural space, but also systematically build various aspects of professional competence, bringing it to the level of prolonged self-development. In this study, we analyzed the current concepts of digitalization of professional training of students to select practices that are suitable for integration into the Russian higher education system. The aim of this work is to challenge the negative view of digitalization of higher professional education and define conditions for the reform of the content of the professional training of foreign students. The following research methods were used: 1) review of the relevant literature; 2) analysis of modern pedagogical practices of teaching foreign students in remote conditions; 3) analysis of statistical data evaluating the state of digitalization of professional training in a university. As a result, we identified three groups of concepts for the digitalization of professional training: 1) self-regulated learning; 2) supportive learning; 3) generating learning. Despite the existing practical and methodological limitations, the latter appears to be the most promising
Agri-food fraud in Africa vis-à-vis global health
Get PDFThis paper reports on the extent of agri-food fraud in Africa, its occurrence across the Africa-EU trade borders, and associated implications for global health. It revealed that agri-food fraud in Africa and across Africa-EU trade borders may be a concern. Meanwhile, a few suspected cases have been reported, there may be more unchecked/unnoticed agri-food fraud practices ongoing in Africa requiring food trade border checks and rapid decisions making processes to reduce exposures. Exposure to adulterants can have significant implications for global health, as consumers unknowingly pay for, and consume, products that may be adulterated with substances which constitute a risk factor to one or more unchecked hazards against consumers' health protection. As global trade in agri-food products expands, the supply chain vulnerability to fraudulent activities becomes increasingly evident. This may be worse partly due to the inadequate food safety laws in African countries or poor enforcement. There is a need for food safety regulations in Africa that aim to ensure the safety and authenticity of food products, protect public health, and maintain consumer confidence. Finally, there is a need for rapid detection tools to make quick decisions on the field and agri-food traceability systems