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The impact of extracurricular activities on the fostering of learners' research skills
Get PDFThis study examines students' research skills and how extracurricular activities influence the fostering of students' research skills. A mixed-methods approach was used before and after the test. The experiment included 160 participants. The study revealed that research skills were developed formally among the learners through extracurricular activities. The author created and implemented an extracurricular activity programme in the context of experimental manipulation to help the students improve their research skills. A set of measures was carried out to develop research skills through extracurricular activities to support and encourage the students' research search. This study found that extracurricular activities have an impact on students' development of research skills by providing them access to new perspectives and scientific knowledge in the field of problem-solving research, as well as by applying that knowledge in practical settings to support research skills in extracurricular activities
The influence of workplace professional development on physical and health education teachers’ effectiveness and student physical literacy
Get PDFThis study examines the role of workplace professional development in enhancing the instructional effectiveness of physical and health education teachers and its subsequent impact on student physical literacy, particularly during the transition to the International Baccalaureate (IB) Middle Years Programme (MYP). The research aimed to assess how targeted professional learning initiatives influence teaching performance and foster physical literacy among students. Data were collected from a sample of three physical and health education teachers and 128 MYP Year 1 students, selected from a total population of 391 students across MYP Years 1–4. Quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in students’ physical literacy after one academic year, with notable differences between Unit 1 and Unit 2 test scores (M = -3.625, SD = 3.76473, t(127) = -10.894, p < .000). Improvements included increased physical fitness, enhanced self-confidence, and a deeper understanding of healthy lifestyle practices. The findings provide evidence that comprehensive, context-specific professional development can significantly improve teaching quality and positively influence student outcomes in physical education. The study recommends fostering a collaborative school culture that supports ongoing communication and professional growth tailored to educators’ needs. The results of this current study will contribute a useful framework for fair and scalable professional development, giving teachers, school leaders, and policymakers who want to improve teaching quality in difficult situations useful information
Strategy development for enhancing teaching efficiency through administrator leadership: A qualitative study of educational institutions in the Roi Kaen-Sarasin provinces cluster
Get PDFThis research set out to investigate how leadership influence by managers impacts improving teaching performance in academic institutions across the provinces of Roi Kaen and Sarasin in Thailand. Using a qualitative approach, 20 participants, including teachers and administrators, were interviewed to identify key leadership traits, management practices, and institutional strategies. To ensure the validity of the interview content, three experts assessed the questions using the Content Validity Index (CVI). The findings emphasize transformational leadership, active communication, and professional development support as critical factors in enhancing teaching outcomes. Furthermore, emotional intelligence and empathy emerged as vital elements for fostering a positive work environment. A TOWS analysis will be used to summarize the findings of the research and derive four strategic options: Maxi-Maxi Strategy, Mini-Maxi Strategy, Maxi-Mini Strategy, and Mini-Mini Strategy. These strategies will help to combine internal strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and threats to form actionable plans that would improve teaching efficiency in the face of resource constraints and cultural barriers among other challenges. It is hoped that these management strategies, derived from Administrator Leadership experiences, will be adopted in practice to yield significant benefits as valuable guidelines for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of sustainable teaching development
Safe haven or risky bet? A study of gold prices during Indian stock market volatility
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether gold served as a safe haven or a risky asset during periods of heightened volatility in the Indian stock market. Given India’s cultural and economic attachment to gold, this study explored the dynamic relationship between gold prices and stock market fluctuations, particularly during times of financial uncertainty. Using daily data from 2005 to 2023, the research employed GARCH (1,1), EGARCH (1,1), and DCC-GARCH models to analyze both the unconditional and time-varying correlations between gold returns and Nifty 50 returns. The findings revealed that gold exhibited significant safe-haven characteristics during extreme market downturns, offering protection to investors against stock market losses, with strong volatility persistence in both markets and significant leverage effects in the stock market. The DCC-GARCH model showed that gold exhibited a negative correlation with equities, particularly during periods of global financial crisis (2008–09), COVID-19 crash (2020), and Russia-Ukraine conflict (2022), confirming its role as a safe haven. The practical implications of this study are particularly relevant for investors, portfolio managers, and policymakers. Investors can use gold as an effective diversification tool to mitigate stock market risk, while policymakers can monitor gold price movements as indicators of investor sentiment and financial stability. The study contributed to the understanding of gold’s dual role in the Indian financial system as both a safe-haven asset and a speculative instrument, depending on market conditions
Do Mergers Matter? Financial Performance Insights from Financial and Non-Financial Sector Firms Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted global business activities, including a sharp decline in successful mergers and acquisitions (M&A), with failure rates reaching 70–90% in 2020. Despite this, a notable number of M&A transactions still occurred in Indonesia, especially within the financial and non-financial services sectors. This study compares company performance before and after mergers, using market ratios: Price-to-Earnings Ratio (PER), Price-to-Sales Ratio (PSR), and Price- to-Book Ratio (PBV), as indicators of potential returns and risks for investors. The sample consists of Indonesian companies that merged in 2020 and are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with financial statements available for three years before and after the merger. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, followed by the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The results show no significant differences in PER, PSR, or PBV pre- and post-merger. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the limited effectiveness of mergers, particularly during crisis periods, and provides practical insight into the use of market ratios for evaluating merger success from an investor’s perspective
Green Culture and Environmental Outcomes in Manufacturing SMEs: Mediated-Moderated Insights
Get PDFThis study investigates the influence of Green Organizational Culture (GOC) on the Environmental Performance (EP) of manufacturing SMEs in Pakistan, examining the mediating role of Green Absorptive Capacity (GAC) and the moderating role of the Regulatory Framework (RF). The research is grounded in the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV), aiming to understand how internal values and external institutional pressures jointly drive sustainability outcomes in resource-constrained environments. A quantitative research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire administered to 145 top-level managers of Pakistani manufacturing SMEs. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesized mediated-moderated model. The model examines both direct and indirect effects of GOC on EP, incorporating interaction effects with regulatory factors. The current study explains a series of managerial and policy implications for small and medium businesses, highlighting the necessity to build a strong green culture and improve the absorptive capacity of organizations in absorbing environmental knowledge. In this regard, the policymakers of the state should also implement stricter environmental laws and provide support. These interventions have consistent, material payoffs, viz., reduction of cost, increased energy efficiency, and long-term ecological stewardship of SMEs, despite their activities being limited by resource envelopes
Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Environmental Accounting and Reporting towards Organizational Value
Get PDFBangladesh is highly vulnerable to climate change. Stakeholders demand environmental accounting and reporting (EAR) to better understand corporate environmental responsibility and transparency. This study examines factors that influence how EAR contributes to organizational value in climate change adaptation, focusing on stakeholders’ perceptions. Data were collected through a self-administered, structured, closed-ended questionnaire covering personal details, background information, and stakeholders' opinions on various aspects of EAR. A total of 500 respondents were selected for interviews using purposive sampling. The sample was narrowed to 400 participants after removing inconsistencies for hypothesis testing. Smart PLS version 4.1.0.0 was used for analysis. The results indicated that stakeholders' perceptions of EAR are significantly influenced by the General Elements of EAR (GEEAR), Management Accounting and Costing of EAR (MACEAR), External Audit and Reporting of EAR (EAREAR), Environmental Excellence toward EAR (EEEAR), and Societal Engagement in EAR (SEEAR). Furthermore, positive perceptions of EAR significantly enhance the organization's goodwill, reputation, financial performance, and environmental sustainability. By effectively managing these factors, a company may also benefit from better financial outcomes, improved environmental sustainability, and a stronger reputation. This study, for the first time, identified the factors affecting stakeholders' perceptions of EAR in relation to corporate performance in Bangladesh. Although EAR is not yet widespread in Bangladesh, stakeholders strongly believe that businesses should disclose environmental data to strengthen corporate environmental governance, accountability, and transparency. Additionally, this study emphasizes the urgency of stakeholders' active participation in EAR practices to address social and environmental responsibility issues
Green Investment as a Mechanism to Combat Climate Change: Digital Natives’ Perspective
Get PDFThe widespread issues of climate change and ecological degradation have prompted nations to transition towards green and sustainable investment practices. Digital natives, particularly Generation Z, are highly sensitive and committed to sustainability and environmental concerns. This study aims to identify the behavioral determinants influencing the preference for green investment instruments over traditional investment options among Generation Z investors. The research extends the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model by incorporating two additional variables: social media usage as a mediator and corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an independent variable. A quantitative methodology is employed, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. The sample comprises 395 individuals selected through purposive sampling. The regression coefficients indicate that CSR has a significant impact (r=0.16; p=0.02), and social media usage effectively mediates the relationship between green investment intentions and investor attitudes. However, the attitude of investors shows an insignificant relationship with investment choices. The findings contribute to the existing literature on green investments by integrating investor intentions and CSR disclosures by companies. These insights can assist fund managers, financial institutions, and policymakers in designing frameworks that promote funding for green projects and initiatives. Since behavioral factors are dynamic, analyzing them with novel determinants can guide future research and facilitate the development of more effective strategies for promoting sustainable investments
Investigating small business operators’ views on taxation of business income: A novel analysis from cape coast metropolis in Ghana
Get PDFTax evasion poses a significant task for governments and tax officials in many African nations, including Ghana. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vigorous role in the national economy by substantially contributing to tax revenue. This paper implemented a descriptive research survey design, gathering primary data through structured questionnaires and employing a quantitative approach. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 22.0, with inferential statistics (standard multiple regressions, Pearson correlation) and descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage) to derive insights. A survey conducted in Cape Coast Metropolis with 120 participants revealed three key factors influencing tax compliance: tax awareness, observations of government spending, and the likelihood of audits. Among these, tax knowledge greatly impacted the government's revenue generation capacity. The paper recommends that the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) perform regular, fair audits to ensure compliance among SMEs. Additionally, GRA must host frequent seminars and conferences to educate SMEs on the importance of tax compliance and motivate them to fulfill their tax obligations
The spatial impact of new urbanization construction on total factor productivity in China
Get PDFThis study examines the spatial impact of new urbanization on total factor productivity (TFP) in China using data from 199 prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2019. We measured the level of new urbanization using an indicator system and the entropy weight method, and assessed TFP using the stochastic frontier production function model. The spatial Durbin model was employed to analyze the spatial effects empirically. The study found that (1) new urbanization has a positive spatial effect on TFP, and there is a spatial spillover effect. (2) The spatial effect of new urbanization on TFP has obvious city-level heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity. (3) The spatial spillover effect of new urbanization on TFP is most significant in second-tier cities and third-tier and lower cities. There is a "diffusion effect" of the spatial effect of the central and western cities on the neighboring areas, and a "siphon effect" of the spatial effect of the eastern cities, but both of these spatial effects are not significant. The spatial spillover effect of new urbanization on TFP in non-provincial capitals is significant, whereas the spatial effect in non-provincial capitals is not significant. These findings highlight the importance of considering regional context in urbanization policies to enhance TFP