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Industrialization and economic growth in Nigeria, 1990 – 2024
Full text linkThis research seeks to examine the nexus between industrialization and economic growth in Nigeria. The specific purpose of the study is to analyze the effects of manufacturing output, mining, electricity supply, construction, water/sewage/waste management, and labor force participation on Nigeria’s real gross domestic product growth rate. This study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The period covered spans from 1990 to 2024. Data were collected as annual time series secondary data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin (various years), World Development Indicators, and World Energy Statistics from the International Energy Agency. The data were analyzed using the Error Correction Model. Additional tests conducted include unit root, cointegration, and autocorrelation tests. The research employs an econometric approach. The results reveal that manufacturing, mining, electricity supply, construction, and water/sewage/waste management had a negative effect on economic growth in Nigeria in the short run. However, only the effects of manufacturing, electricity, construction, and waste management on the Nigerian economy were statistically significant. In conclusion, industrialization has a negative effect on Nigeria’s economic growth. Nigeria’s industrialization efforts have not yielded the expected positive effects on the economy, leading to declining outputs in manufacturing, mining, electricity supply, construction, and water/sewage/waste management sectors. When electricity supply and distribution to the industrial sector are adequately enhanced, coupled with increased productive capacity, Nigeria’s economy will be on the path to long-term growth
Palm oil: A choice for balancing economic benefits and environmental sustainability
Full text linkPalm oil is widely used globally due to its high production efficiency and stable prices, making it a major economic driver for tropical countries. It yields significantly more oil per hectare than other vegetable oil crops, reducing land requirements and potentially lowering deforestation risk if managed sustainably. Despite frequent criticism regarding deforestation and biodiversity loss, recent adoption of sustainability certifications such as RSPO, ISPO, and ISCC has promoted more responsible practices, including zero-deforestation policies, improved waste management, and better worker welfare. Palm oil’s nutritional profile, rich in balanced fatty acids and vitamin E (tocotrienols), offers health benefits and oxidative stability, making it suitable for cooking with reduced harmful by-products. Economically, the industry supports millions of jobs and smallholder incomes, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. Nevertheless, palm oil faces ongoing challenges in public perception, transparency, and regulatory compliance, necessitating further innovation and education on sustainable practices. Ensuring sustainable growth will require collaboration among governments, producers, and consumers to improve traceability and support certified products, positioning palm oil as a more environmentally friendly and economically viable choice among vegetable oils
Task-based language teaching for low-proficiency middle school learners: Designing gamified scenarios to motivate oral participation
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of task-based language teaching integrated with gamified scenario design on enhancing oral English participation and learning motivation among low-proficiency junior high school students. Data were collected through classroom observations, student interviews, and questionnaires administered before and after the intervention. Qualitative data from observations and interviews were thematically analyzed, while quantitative data from questionnaires were statistically examined to assess changes in motivation and participation. The integration of task-based language teaching with gamified scenario design significantly increased students’ motivation for oral participation. Learners demonstrated greater engagement, a higher willingness to speak, and improved confidence in using English. Qualitative feedback highlighted specific gamified elements (e.g., points, narratives, challenges) as key contributors to this enhanced motivation and active learning. Gamified task-based scenarios are an effective pedagogical strategy for fostering oral participation and learning motivation in low-proficiency junior high English learners. This approach creates an interactive and supportive environment conducive to language practice and skill development. Educators can utilize the principles and strategies of gamified scenario design within TBLT to develop more targeted and engaging tasks. This study offers practical insights for creating activities aligned with students’ real-world needs, emphasizing the importance of timely feedback and rewards to ultimately enhance oral proficiency and sustained learner interest
Emotion As a Mediator in The Relationship Between Green Marketing Mix and Green Purchase Intention
Full text linkThis study focuses on the key elements of green marketing mix and its impact on green purchase intention through positive and negative anticipative emotion. This study has contributed an array of results that prove to be insightful for the marketers of electrical two-wheeler vehicles in India. Data was collected from 367 respondents and PLS-SEM is used for the analysis. The direct effects of green product, green place and green promotion on green purchase intention are not significant and these factors do not have a direct impact on purchase intention. Green price alone has direct impact on Purchase intention. Upon testing the indirect path effect, it is confirmed that positive anticipative emotion plays mediating role between Green Product, Place, Promotion, and purchase intention. Further negative anticipative emotion acts as a mediator between Green Product, Price, Place, Promotion and Purchase Intention. The marketers to provoke purchase intention among the customers they use green marketing mix as their main constructs. But delving further into green marketing mix and its impact on purchase intention it is clearly identified that both positive and negative anticipated emotion move unipolarly carry out an intention to purchase electric two wheelers within the minds of the customers
Foreign direct investment and green innovation: Regional disparities and panel quantile regression analysis from China's coastal and inland areas
Full text linkThis study discusses the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China's Green Innovation (GI) in coastal and inland areas, especially regional disparities. Quantile regression is used to study the panel data of 31 provinces (2010-2020) to explore the impact of FDI on GI at different stages of development. Key variables are FDI, financial development, industrialization, service sector growth, trade, and cultural environment. The results indicate that FDI significantly increases GI, especially in regions of inland areas with low innovation. In coastal areas, however, the effect of FDI on GI lessens as the local industries excel in green technologies. Financial development improves GI in the coastal regions; industrialization and service sector growth have mixed results. Policymakers should focus their FDI strategies on areas of lower innovation in order to enact sustainable development. Future research needs to consider the global relevance of the results by looking at countries with different economic backgrounds and examining the long-term effects of FDI, taking into account government policies and environmental regulations. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of FDI and GI in China, which can provide information applicable to the development of sustainable growth policies
Predicting repeat business in hotels: The mediating role of guest satisfaction
Full text linkThis study examines the mediating role of guest satisfaction in the relationship between service quality and repeat business in hotels, with a focus on the post-pandemic hospitality market in India. While existing research highlights satisfaction as a key driver of loyalty, limited attention has been given to identifying the most influential service attributes in emerging contexts. Data were collected through a structured survey of 150 guests from three-, four-, and five-star hotels in the Chandigarh Tri-City region, using stratified random sampling to ensure representation across hotel categories. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test direct and mediating relationships, with reliability and validity confirmed. The results indicate that brand image, staff behavior, housekeeping, and security significantly enhance guest satisfaction, which in turn strongly predicts repeat business. Mediation analysis shows that satisfaction partially explains the relationship between these service attributes and loyalty. In contrast, food and beverage services and information technology were not significant predictors. Overall, the model explains substantial variance in satisfaction and repeat business. The study extends SERVQUAL and Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory and provides practical guidance for improving guest retention in emerging hospitality markets
The feasibility of a learner-centered approach in a civil technology classroom
Full text linkLearner-centered approach in Civil Technology remains a critical method to achieve learner outcomes amidst the persistence of polycrisis, such as learner overcrowding. It remains unclear how Civil Technology teachers enact this approach in the face of overcrowding and insufficient hands-on skills learning resources. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of adopting a learner-centered approach within Civil Technology classrooms. Purposive sampling was used to identify seven (7) Civil Technology teachers of different subject specializations to participate in this study. A qualitative research approach and single case study design were adopted. The data collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that Civil Technology teachers faced challenges in employing a learner-centered approach and preferred group work when conducting practical lessons. Teachers demonstrated cognitive dissonance regarding the use of this approach in large classes, stating it was impossible to attend to each learner’s needs during practical lessons. In fact, the practical lessons (simulations) had been structured such that learners should always work in groups. As a result, this hindered the promotion of a learner-centered approach in Civil Technology classrooms. Therefore, this study recommended that, since teachers have the autonomy to design their own practical lessons, they should consider structuring simulations that can be done individually to foster learner-centeredness. This aligns with the Civil Technology Practical Assessment Task policy, which stresses the need for skilling learners both individually and in groups to achieve satisfactory learner outcomes
Tax Management and Financial Sustainability in Chinese High-Tech Enterprises: ARDL Evidence from BATH Firms
Full text linkThis study examines the relationship between tax management and financial sustainability in Chinese High and New-Technology Enterprises (HNTEs), focusing on leading BATH firms (Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, and Huawei). A quantitative approach was adopted using purposive sampling of 55 financial statements from 2008 to 2023. Tax management was measured through the cash effective tax rate (CETR), while financial sustainability was evaluated using three DuPont-based indicators: net profit margin (NPM), asset turnover (AT), and equity multiplier (EM). To capture both short- and long-term dynamics, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach was applied. The findings confirm the presence of long-run cointegration among the variables and reveal that NPM, AT, and intangible assets (INTGO) exert a significant positive effect on CETR over the long run, whereas amortization plays a notable role in the short run. Beyond financial mechanics, these findings demonstrate that firms with stronger profitability, efficient resource utilization, and innovation capacity are more capable of adopting responsible tax strategies. Such practices reinforce corporate governance, stabilize public revenues, and foster stakeholder trust, thereby linking firm-level performance with societal welfare. This study contributes by positioning tax management as a strategic mechanism through which high-tech enterprises align financial resilience with broader sustainability goals
Carbon Emissions and Firm Profitability: A SHAP and ALE-Based XAI Approach on the BIST Sustainability Index
Full text linkThe primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between carbon emissions and firm profitability using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods. The research analyzes various machine learning (ML) techniques to predict firm profitability. Additionally, XAI methods such as Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) and Accumulated Local Effects (ALE) are employed to enhance interpretability for decision-makers. The study focuses on firms listed in the Borsa Istanbul Sustainability Index (XUSRD), utilizing 189 firm-year data points collected from sustainability, operational, and integrated reports between 2021 and 2023. The findings indicate that low carbon emissions positively influence Return on Assets (ROA), while high emissions have mixed effects, positive in some firms and negative in others. Regarding Return on Equity (ROE), the analysis reveals a negative trend. Furthermore, Earnings Per Share (EPS) emerged as the variable with the highest contribution to both profitability models. The Random Forest algorithm was identified as the most effective method for predicting both ROA and ROE. This study contributes to the emerging literature by applying XAI techniques, specifically SHAP and ALE, to interpret machine learning-based profitability models within the context of carbon accounting, offering valuable insights for stakeholders and policymakers
Measuring the financial health using the Altman Z-score model: A case study on listed banks in Bangladesh
Full text linkThe study evaluates the financial performance of publicly listed banks in Bangladesh and forecasts potential financial distress using the Altman Z-score model. Based solely on secondary data from annual reports of the banks over the period 2018 to 2023, the analysis reveals alarming findings. Across the listed banks, 34 banks scored an average Z score of below the threshold level, placing them in the “Financial Distress Zone”, indicating a likelihood of financial difficulty or potential bankruptcy in the near future. Notably, 16 banks are not only scored below the threshold level and were placed in the financial distress zone but also recorded negative values, indicating a high risk of imminent financial collapsed. Only two banks namely Union Bank and Uttara Bank achieved average Z scores above the threshold level and were categorized in the “Grey Zone”, suggesting a reduced risk of financial distress in the short-term, though they should still remain conscious about their financial activities. The findings underscore the need for regulatory authorities to implement proactive measures to address financial instability within the banking sector. Additionally, the results offer valuable insights for bank managers, shareholders, investors, lenders, and customers to assess and mitigate financial risks, thereby contributing to informed decisions and promoting financial stability across the industry