E-Jurnal Universitas Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya
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The platelet electrome: evidence for a role in regulation of function and surface interaction
No full textIntroduction. Platelets protect the body from injury through formation of blood clots, changing from a normal, quiescent state to become “activated” in response to external stimuli such as chemical cues, shear stress and temperature. This causes changes in shape, increased adhesion, and alteration of the electrical properties such as membrane potential Vm and zeta potential ζ. These phenomena have been regarded as largely unconnected; for example, changes in ζ have been attributed solely to alteration of surface lipid concentration. However, recent reports suggest that cells can alter ζ electrostatically by alteration of Vm in red blood cells. We hypothesised that if platelets also modulate ζ via Vm, this may provide an alternative mechanism to alter cell-cell interaction.Methods. We investigated platelets stored at different temperatures (4°C, 22°C, 37°C) for 24h, which is known to alter platelet behaviour and electrical properties, and compared these with analyses of freshly-harvested platelets. These four conditions exhibited unique sets of electrical properties (Vm, ζ, membrane conductance Geff and cytoplasm conductivity σcyto) as well as surface exposure of the adhesion molecule P-Selectin. These were analysed to identify correlations between electrical parameters and platelet activation state.Results. Many parameters exhibit pairwise correlation across all four conditions, in particular between ζ and Geff, and also between Vm and σcyto. Furthermore, when the electrical behaviour of platelets stored at 4°C (known to activate the cells) was removed from the analysis, additional relationships were observed among the remaining conditions, including those connecting ζ and Vm to the amount of P-selectin binding.Conclusion. Results suggest that Vm may mechanistically alter the availability of cationic molecules at the cell surface, a process never reported before, with implications for our wider understanding of cell-molecule and cell-cell interaction
Understanding the role of motivation in young people's attitudes to university: developing a theory informed approach to widening participation evaluation
No full textThis thesis is an examination of the role of motivation in attitudes to university among secondary school children, within the context of widening participation for disadvantaged pupils. The aims of the thesis were to understand how particular constructs within motivation theory are related to both aspirations and expectations of university attendance, and to investigate how such constructs may act as a means of changing university attitudes following widening participation intervention. The research aims are addressed across six empirical chapters through: analysis of cross-sectional data of pupils’ motivation using constructs drawn from self-determination theory, expectancy-value-cost theory, reading motivation, and pupils’ university attitudes; evaluation of three widening participation interventions using motivational theory; and finally a qualitative study of widening participation students who successfully reached university, and the factors they found to be of greatest support. Findings indicate that aspirations are higher than expectations among school pupils, and constructs from motivational theory are predictive of university attitudes but their predictive capacities are not homogenous. Although effects of motivation change upon university attitudes following intervention were limited to qualitative evidence in this thesis, specific motivational constructs such as expectancy beliefs and value, and intrinsic goal setting may be particularly useful for widening participation to incorporate in to intervention planning and evaluation to support both aspirations and expectations of university attendance among secondary school pupils
Investigating Electrophysiological Changes in Blood Cells Using Dielectrophoresis
No full text"The electrophysiological variation of RBCs and platelets is intriguing, as both are anucleate and lack traditional cellular apparatus; their behaviour is driven by the ion channels within the membrane. Assessment and characterisation of the electrophysiological rhythms of red blood cells (RBCs), and the observation of similar rhythms in platelets, is potentially of importance due to the temporal incidence of many diseases associated with these cell types. RBCs and platelets were examined using various methods including dielectrophoresis, flow cytometry, and zeta potential to assess for rhythmic properties.This work demonstrates that casein kinase is involved in RBC electrophysiological rhythms. Inhibition of casein kinase in RBCs altered the observed rhythm, revealing its involvement in both RBC electrophysiological rhythms and temperature compensation. The possible roles of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in RBC electrophysiological rhythms were examined. Levels of haemoglobin, ionic abundance, and passive electrophysiology were found to show time of day variation. Furthermore, zeta potential was used as a novel method to examine rhythmic electrophysiology.This thesis provides the first evidence of the presence of electrophysiological rhythms in platelets. Platelet electrophysiology was assessed in: platelet rich plasma immediately after venepuncture, stored platelet rich plasma, and stored resuspended platelets. Each condition exhibited a rhythm of differing period, suggesting the platelet entrainment mechanism involves at least three components: an intrinsic platelet component, entraining plasma component, and endogenous circulation component. Furthermore, activated platelets showed altered rhythms in each condition, suggesting the presence of an additional clock, functioning on platelet activation. The electrophysiological rhythm of a platelet precursor cell line was examined (in the assessment of the origin of platelet rhythms) and was found to be different to that of platelets.
Evaluation and Potential Uses of Site Investigation Soil Contamination Data Submitted to Uk Local Government
No full textThere has been considerable brownfield development in the UK since 2000 due to increasing demand for new housing, combined with local opposition to building on greenbelt land. To facilitate this, extensive site investigations have been carried out and the reports submitted to local government as part of the planning process. This research investigates whether this largely untapped resource of site investigation data can be used to improve understanding of potentially toxic elements (PTE) and persistent organic pollutants (POP) at a local scale. The PTE/POP data were extracted from 1707 soil samples across 120 brownfield sites in an urban/suburban region. The samples were analysed to determine the effect of site location, historical use and site age on PTE/POP concentrations. Box plots indicating statistical results together with GIS maps of PTE/POP sample data provided the optimal visualisation of results. The dataset was shown to be a valuable resource, although further exploitation would be enhanced by digitisation of the submitted data. The paper explores potential applications of this data, including background concentrations and anthropogenic enrichment factors for PTE/POP. The results were summarised in a table for the PTE/POP and a preliminary risk assessment process chart to inform developers/regulators on potential PTE/POP levels on brownfield sites on a local scale. This information could focus design and resources for developers for site investigations and risk assessments and improve planning and regulatory guidance. The lack of predictability in PTE/POP results across sites have emphasised the ongoing need for intrusive site investigation on new brownfield developments
AUDIENCES AND SELF-CALIBRATION IN A DIGITAL SOCIETY
No full textThis chapter focuses on how people in their everyday practice make sense of themselves and the society that they live in using an array of resources that include, but are not confined to, digital media. The advent of digital media has changed the forms of interaction available to us and the extent to which other people’s intimate thoughts and activities are visible to us on an everyday basis. People’s consumption practices, their fitness levels, their musical tastes and response to media events are constantly displayed for us to measure ourselves against. In its focus on everyday processes of self-calibration this paper will explore lived dimensions of datafication and mediatization and seeks to consider how far these processes are indeed offering new resources for understanding who we are, with particular reference to practices of music consumption. The chapter focuses on the Philip Glass opera Akhnaten as a case study, exploring the online resources that have emerged around this work and in particular focusing on the extent to which audience responses to the work become visible online. The chapter explores the extent to which online audiences are telling one another how to interpret the work and considers the potential outcomes in terms of tendencies for audience homogeneity and audience fragmentation. The online landscape of music consumption emerges as a complex array of intertwined resources in which conventional forms of expertise remain very prominent but alternative voices from ordinary audience members are also widely available. These ordinary audience voices take having experienced a production as conferring sufficient authority to comment on its qualities, but also stress the importance of context of listening and having the suitable personal qualities to appreciate the music. Streaming services, search algorithms and YouTube recommendations play a part in informing audience preferences but take their position alongside and entwined with ordinary user voices and privileged professional expertise in providing guidance on how to consume music
PENGEMBANGAN E MODUL MTBS BERBASIS DIGITAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN
Get PDFMasa darurat pandemi ini mengharuskan sistem pembelajaran diganti dengan pembelajaran daring agar proses pembelajaran tetap berlangsung. Terdapat beberapa alternatif dalam memanfaatkan teknologi diantaranya dengan penggunaan media dan sumber belajar. Salah satu media dan bahan ajar yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran yaitu e-modul atau dapat disebut (modul elektronik). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat software e-modul MTBS berbasis website dan android yang dapat diakses melalui website atau diinstal di handphone sebagai media pembelajaran daring. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur Research and Development (R&D). Untuk pengembangan sistem penelitian ini menggunakan model Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Model SDLC yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah model Waterfall. Responden terdiri dari mahasiswa D3 Kebidanan semester 4 dan 6. Statistik data menunjukkan komponen kejelasan, ketepatan, dan kebaruan bersifat netral dengan nilai mean diantara -0,8 sampai 0,8. Hal ini menjadi dasar bagi peneliti untuk melakukan perbaikan pada e-modul ini, terutama pada petunjuk penggunaan dan kemudahan akses setiap komponen e-modul, juga pada tampilan Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada : Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Keperawatan, Analis Kesehatan dan Farmasi Volume 22 Nomor 1 Februari 2022 50 (user interface) perlu dimodifikasi agar lebih menarik sesuai dengan pendapat dari pengguna/responden/mahasisw
GAMBARAN INDEKS KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP LAYANAN RUJUKAN DI PUSKESMAS CIHIDEUNG, CIPEDES, CILEMBANG, TAMANSARI DAN TAWANG TAHUN 2021
Get PDFPuskesmas merupakan unit organisasi yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan dasar kepada masyarakat. Layanan rujukan rawat jalan merupakan salah pelayanan yang diberikan dan bertujuan agar pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan memiliki mutu yang baik. Kepuasan pasien sangat bergantung kepada kualitas pelayanan yang didapatkan dan berkaitan erat dengan indeks kepuasan masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran indeks kepuasan masyarakat terhadap layanan rujukan di puskesmas di Kota Tasikmalaya Tahun 2021. Jenis Penelitian Kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Populasi seluruh pasien yang mendapat pelayanan rujukan di tiap puskesmas, sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling dan didapatkan 81 responden. Pengolahan data menggunakan indeks kepuasan masyarakat sesuai peraturan. Hasil indeks kepuasan layanan rujukan pasien di Puskesmas Tasikmalaya secara keseluruhan sebesar 3,09 dan dikonversi menjadi 77,27 berada pada kategori “B” dengan kinerja unit pelayanan “BAIK”. Puskesmas dengan indeks kepuasan terendah adalah Puskesmas Cipedes dengan hasil sebesar 2,95 dan dikonversi menjadi 73,9 berada pada kategori C dengan kinerja unit pelayanan “Kurang Baik”. Unsur pelayanan tertinggi adalah permohonan rujukan sebesar 4,00 dan terendah adalah penanganan pengaduan pengguna layanan sebesar 1,33. Hasil Indeks kepuasan pasien berdasarkan layanan rujukan pasien di puskesmas dapat disimpulkan bahwa puskesmas sudah memberikan pelayanan yang baik kepada masyarakat yang membutuhkan rujukan ke fasilitas pelayanan Kesehatan di tingkat selanjutnya
OPTIMASI FORMULA LULUR KRIM DAUN MAREME (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DENGAN VARIASI TEPUNG JAGUNG DAN TEPUNG BERAS MENGGUNAKAN DESAIN FAKTORIAL
Get PDFOne way to maintain healthy skin is through skincare that incorporates natural ingredient scrubs. Free radicals contribute to the onset of cell damage associated with skin aging. Mareme leaves (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) contain antioxidants that can inhibit the reaction of free radicals in the body. The purpose of this study was to incorporate the ethanol extract of mareme leaves into a scrub formulation containing cornflour and rice flour. This study begins with a phytochemical screen, followed by TLC analysis of antioxidant activity using the DPPH-free radical scavenging test, evaluation of cream scrubs, and ANOVA data analysis. According to research, the ethanol extract of mareme leaves possesses a significant antioxidant activity of 4.32 parts per million. The effect of variations in cornstarch and rice flour on the formulation of cream scrubs was determined through organoleptic testing of all semisolid preparations, with an emphasis on different smells and colors; all formulas have a pH suitable for the skin of 4.5-8, and each formula contains less than 50 ppm of potent antioxidant activity. A significant value of 0.05 indicates that there is a significant difference between the four formulas based on the ANOVA test comparing IC50 values between preparations. It has to do with the addition of cornstarch scrub and rice flour to each formula. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of mareme leaves (Glochidion arborescens Blume) possesses exceptional antioxidant activity. According to the stability test, the best formula for cream scrub preparations is formula 3
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI PADA EKSTRAK BIJI KURMA AJWA (Phoenix dactylifera L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFInfectious diseases are one of the increasing health problems. Infections can be caused by viruses, fungi, parasites and bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, pathogenic bacterium. The waste of date palms in various industrial processes is quite high, which is around 6.10-11.47% of the dates are the seeds. Therefore, alternative treatments using plants that have the potential to have antibacterial abilities were investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of antibacterial and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus. The method used is the diffusion method using a well. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration of n-hexane extract of date palm seeds at a concentration of 25% with an inhibitory diameter of 10.09 mm, the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration of ethyl acetate extract of ajwa date palm seeds at a concentration of 0.19% with an inhibitory diameter of 11.19 mm and ethanol extract of ajwa date palm seeds. produces a minimum inhibitory concentration at a concentration of 0.19% with an inhibitory diameter of 17.77mm. The conclusions of the study showed that the most effective minimum inhibitory concentration of the three extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol of ajwa date seeds is ajwa date seed extract with ethanol solvent because it falls into the category of strong antibacterial (10-20 mm) with an inhibitory zone diameter of 17.77 mmKeywords: Antibacterial, Ajwa palm seed extract, KHM, Staphylococcus aureu
UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TEMPUYUNG (Sonchus arvensis L.) PADA MENCIT BETINA DENGAN METODE FIXED DOSE
Get PDFABSTRAKTempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) adalah tumbuhan dari famili Asteraceae yang sering digunakan sebagai obat diuretik, batu ginjal, batu empedu, bengkak, asma, penurun kadar kolesterol, bronchitis dan pada penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan efektivitasnya sebagai obat antihiperurisemia. Potensi pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan baku obat perlu didukung dengan uji keamanan. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas akut dari ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung ditinjau dari gejala klinis, berat badan, indeks organ, perubahan makropatologi, gambaran LD50 dan klasifikasi toksisitas akut ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) pada mencit (Mus musculus) betina. Uji toksisitas akut dilakukan secara oral dengan menggunakan metode fixed dose dimana satu kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor mencit betina. Dosis yang digunakan ialah 5 mg/kg BB, 50 mg/kg BB, 300 mg/kg BB, 2000 mg/kg BB, dan dilanjutkan ke uji batas 5000 mg/kg BB. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah pada uji pendahuluan ditemukan adanya gejala toksisitas berupa gejala klinis mulai dari dosis 5 mg/kg BB sampai 2000 mg/kg BB walaupun tidak terdapat kematian pada hewan coba. Pada uji utama ditambahkan uji batas 5000 mg/kg BB dimana terdapat 80% mencit yang mati setelah 24 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) mempunyai kisaran LD50 > 2000 mg/kg BB dengan klasifikasi sedikit toksik terhadap hewan uji mencit (Mus musculus) betina. Kata kunci: Toksisitas akut, Sonchus arvensis L., Metode fixed dose