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Miesto samprata Lietuvos etnologų ir antropologų darbuose
Get PDFAnthropologists are increasingly doing research related to the city. There is a need to come up with new urban theories. Because of this, it is important to know about the research of Lithuanian ethnology and anthropology which emphasize the importance of the city. The aim of this article is to find out how city is analyzed and conceptualized by Lithuanian ethnologists and anthropologists. Two tasks have been formulated: to introduce with theories of urban anthropology and to analyze and classify works of Lithuanian ethnologists and anthropologists. In the article there are distinguished four groups of concepts of city.KEY WORDS: anthropological urban theories, concept of city, historiography of Lithuanian ethnology.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v24i0.191
INTARPINIAI IR STA KAMIENO DENOMINATYVAI SENOJOJE LIETUVIŲ RAŠTIJOJE: NOMINACIJA IR MOTYVACIJA
Get PDFThe article presents the analysis of onomasiological system of one group of infixed and sta-stem verbs attested in the old Lithuanian scripts, denominative verbs in particular, derived from adjectives and nouns. The analysed verbs belong to the type of fientive word formation: their derivational meaning is ‘to become or to acquire/experience something which is denoted by the primary word’. The primary words are specific and abstract adjectives and nouns which by the means of affixal nomination – paradigmation – are used to form fientives or, more rarely, stative verbs. What is more, in the process of verbalization, additional means of derivation, namely, the infix and affix sta, play a significant role in attributing the verb to the derivational model of fientives. The centre of fientive derivational type is comprised of deadjectives, while desubstantives stand in the periphery of this type. The semantics of the denominatives analyzed is determined explicitly (in rarer cases, implicitly) by semantics of primary adjectives and nouns. According to properties/objects denoted by the lexical motivator, seven motivational models of denominative verbs have been established: colourative, morphological, physiomorphological, psychomorphological, the model of possession and social relationship, gustatory, and thermal one.KEY WORDS: infixed and sta stem verbs, denominatives, fientives, statives, nomination, motivation.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v24i0.190
Der erste Veränderungsversuch der mittelalterlichen memorialen Begräbniskultur und die Geburt der humanistischen Gelegenheitsdichtung auf der Schwelle der Reformation in Livland
Get PDFThe visual aspects of sepulchral culture in Livonia in the Late Medieval and Early Modern period have beenthoroughly studied by art historians. They have analysed the spread and condition of tombstones and epitaphs,as well as the pictorial programmes of monuments. Less attention has been paid to records inscribed on tombstones,which are known both from surviving examples and from old manuscripts. According to Estonian arthistorians, Lutheranism changed the pictorial programmes of tombstones, and only in the second half of the16th century put the word into the central position on them. The article seeks to verify this statement on the basisof broader material than has been used so far. For this purpose, the author uses data on all Latin tombstonerecords known today from Estonian churches (from the 14th century to 1918, they are held in the yet unpublisheddatabase Corpus Electronicum Inscriptionum Latinarum Estoniae), and analyses the oldest Livonian occasionalpoetry (manuscript and printed) from the first half of the 16th century. The article shows that the attemptsto write long texts for grave monuments and place them in the dominating position on the tombstone weremade in Livonia already before the Reformation, and can be considered a result of the impact of Renaissancehumanism.KEY WORDS: humanism, Reformation, New Latin occasional poetry, tombstone epitaph, sepulchral culture,Livonia
Prūsijos valdžios aktų vertimo į lietuvių kalbą bylos atodangos: vienos polemikos istorija
Get PDFThe practice of translating government decrees into Lithuanian and publishing them for Lithuanianspeakers living in Prussia has been known since the late 16th century. It stemmed from the policyof multi-lingualism which emerged under Duke Albert, and the establishment of the Reformation inPrussia. Most Lithuanian translations of Prussian government decrees known today date from the18th century. At that time, the best experts in the Lithuanian language were engaged in their translationand publication. After the potential of Königsberg in Lithuanian studies declined in the secondhalf of the 18th century, efforts to concentrate these activities in the area of Prussia that was stilldensely inhabited by Lithuanian speakers and called Lithuania at that time, became more active.The article analyses how this change was exploited by the Mielcke family, who were active in PrussianLithuania. Christian Gottlieb Mielcke, who held a humble cantor’s position in the remote parishof Pillkallen, initiated a discussion on the principles of the edition of Lithuanian hymnals in 1781. Hisbrother Daniel Friedrich, the priest at Ragnit, wrote a complaint about the quality of translations ofgovernment decrees into Lithuanian in 1788. This was the beginning of a dispute that eventuallyinvolved the Mielcke family in the translation of government decrees.KEY WORDS: Prussia, Prussian Lithuanian, dispute, translation of Prussian government decreesinto Lithuanian, Christian Gottlieb Mielcke
The Sources of the 1545 Old Prussian Language Catechisms
Get PDFThe Teutonic Order in Prussia recognised and acknowledged its responsibility to catechiseboth the German-speaking colonists and the native population. The Reformation made noradical changes to these requirements, but gave them serious attention. During the 1540s tothe 1560s, several Catechisms for the non-German subjects of the Duke of Prussia were preparedand published in Königsberg, including three in the Old Prussian language. The editorof the first and second Old Prussian-language Catechisms published bilingual books, with theGerman Catechism on the left-hand page, and the same text on the right-hand page in the OldPrussian language. Reinhold Trautmann established that the source of the Decalogue in thesebooks was Luther’s 1531 Small Catechism. However, he had difficulties confirming the sourcesof the remaining four parts of the Catechism, since he found a number of words and phraseswhich could not be identified as coming from Luther’s Catechisms. The article elaborates onTrautmann’s thesis that the source of the German Decalogue is Luther’s 1531 Enchiridion. Inaddition, it argues that the sources of the remaining parts of the Catechism were German-languagecatechetical and liturgical texts that were circulating in Prussia at that time.KEY WORDS: Duchy of Prussia, catechisation, Old Prussian language, Martin Luther
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL CHANGES IN SUBURBS OF KLAIPĖDA IN 2010–2017
Get PDFKlaipėda is the third largest city in Lithuania, but its population is decreasing, while its suburbs are expanding and growing. This study reveals population migration to Klaipėda suburbs at the level of the smallest administrative unit – elderships. This helps with sufficient precision to identify not only the most attractive suburban residential areas, but also to determine the social-demographic problems faced by the local population. Due to uneven population change and structure, there is already a shortage of educational institutions and educators in some elderships. In the remote elderships from Klaipėda city, the population is rapidly aging, the unemployment rate is relatively higher than in other elderships, and the connection with the Klaipėda city by public transport is insufficient. Proposals for administrations of elderships and district municipalities are formulated taking into account the trends of population change. Comparative analysis, cartographic analysis, document analysis, expert interview method and others were applied in this study.Keywords: suburbs, eldership, Klaipėda, demographic and social changes.JEL codes: R12, R23, R28.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v29i3.200
PREFACE
Get PDFThis time, the journal is publishing articles of different scientific interests. The articles are different, as is the autumn colour palette in nature. H. Hilmarrson provided insights into the economic similarities and differences between the Nordic and Baltic countries, while A. Guogis, A. V. Rakšnys analyzed patterns of welfare states. The prosperity of the state cannot exist if there is corruption in the country. And perception of corruption was investigated by I. Pikturnaitė, J. Jonuševičienė, R. Kavolius. The analysis of demographic and social changes in Klaipėda suburbs was carried out by D. Verkulevičiūtė-Kriekienė, I. Nomeikienė. P. Lakov, I. Shopova presented opportunities of cultural and historical attraction for tourists in Bulgaria. D. Behmane, D. Rutitis, V. Savicka rated the websites of health care providers. K. Casno, D. Šķiltere, B. Sloka, and G. Tauraitė-Janušauskienė discussed the role of social entrepreneurship in the context of sustainable development. The role of digitalization in the development of civil society is analyzed in the article by E. Lielpēters, while the online car rental wars are discussed in S. H. Pramudya’s article. E. Dundure, B. Sloka’s article analyzes the Latvian pension system, while the problems of material deprivation are analyzed in B. Sloka, K.Cipane’s article. The effect of fear of loss was discussed by V. Tauraitė. The importance of the use of emotional intelligence in vocational training was studied by A. Lice, B. Sloka. A review of H. Hilmarson’s book written by S. Kumar can also be found in this issue. Enjoy your readings