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Lithuania and its War Potential in the Literary Activities of Leon Mitkiewicz, the First Polish Military Attaché in Kaunas
Get PDFOn 17 March 1938, Warsaw delivered an ultimatum to Kaunas. After the 18 years of non-existentofficial diplomatic relations with Poland due to the occupation of Vilnius in 1920, Lithuaniawas forced to renew them. The acceptance of the ultimatum in Lithuania heavily influencedthe prestige of the authoritarian regime, but opened a new stage in relations between Lithuaniaand Poland on the eve of the Second World War. In addition to the envoy extraordinaryand minister plenipotentiary to Lithuania Franciszek Charwat, Poland appointed Leon Mitkiewicz(1896–1972) as its military attaché to the diplomatic mission in Kaunas. Having scrupulouslydocumented his life and service, Mitkiewicz observed Lithuania both before and afterhis appointment. He also conducted numerous political-military analyses, trying to assess thedirection of international and geopolitical events. The article gives an overview of Mitkiewicz’snotes on Polish-Lithuanian relations, and Lithuania and its war potential both before and afterthe 1938 ultimatum.Key words: Lithuanian-Polish relations, war potential, Lithuanian armed force
PAJAMŲ NELYGYBĖS POVEIKIS EKONOMIKOS AUGIMUI APLINKOS KANALU
Get PDFTyrimo tikslas – išnagrinėjus pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui aplinkos kanalu teorines interpretacijas, įvertinti pajamų nelygybės poveikį ekonomikos augimui skirtingose šalių grupėse. Rezultatai pagrįsti 28-ių ES šalių paneliniais duomenimis 1995–2017 m. laikotarpiu. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje apibendrintos pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui aplinkos kanalu teorijos. Antroje – sutelkti pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui aplinkos kanalu vertinimo modeliai, pagrįsta vertinimo metodika ir aptariami empiriniame tyrime taikomi kintamieji. Trečioje dalyje nustatyta, kad didėjanti pajamų nelygybė daro nevienareikšmį poveikį ekonomikos augimui aplinkos kanalu. Nustatyta, kad pajamų nelygybė skatino ekonomikos augimą aplinkos kanalą atskleidžiant sieros oksidų atžvilgiu ir atsinaujinančios energijos dalimi, vertinant bendrą galutinį energijos suvartojimą.PAGRINDINIAI ŽODŽIAI: pajamų nelygybė, ekonomikos augimas, oro tarša.JEL KLASIFIKACIJA: D63, O4, Q53.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v28i2.194
PREFACE
Get PDFpring winds encourage the rebirth of nature, and the journal is full of new scientific articles. Much attention has been paid to communication and the use of electronic platforms. The article by R. Vaičiulė analyses the use of Facebook, K. Krauze and B. Sloka analyse the content of web pages, the article by S. Volenkins, B. Sloka and K. Čipane investigate Internet commerce, whereas J. Jiang and A. Kontauts examine the influence of social media on civic participation. The issues of youth policy are presented in the article by K. Gomolka, meanwhile the organizational culture of educational institutions is studied in A. Giedaitis and A. Ispiryan’s article, followed by T. Titova’s insights on intellectual capital. The article by S. Statneckytė and J. Dvorak analyses the reform of the Lithuanian public service. The article by P. Zientarski is also devoted to public administration issues and assesses the results of the election for local authorities. The journal also provides articles for readers interested in economic issues. For example, R. Čiegis, L. Diliuvienė and A. Dilius analyse the effect of income inequality on economic growth, whereas S. A. Vasina and B. Sloka highlight income inequality issues from different gender aspects. Finally, N. Novozhilova and M. Pliss present insurance market in Latvia, and V. Valiulė together with A. Zonienė evaluate sustainable investment
PREFACE
Get PDFSpring heat did not reduce the scientists’ willingness to publish their research. We can re-distinguish several important research ideas. The aspects of communication revealed in several directions: in the assessment of managerial competences in R. Paulienė, V. Tamaševičius article, in the article of A. Giedaitis, E. Ribačonka were discussed inter-organizational relations and elimination of internal communication barriers were discussed in J. Paužuolienė, A. Januškaitė article, when D. Štefenberga discussed the influence of co-operation factors on regional development, and I. Boručinska revealed issues of youth involvement in civic participation in the South Baltic region. The economic issues are also forgotten R. Čiegis, A. Dilius continues research to identify income inequality problems, K. Čipane, B. Sloka, S. Volvenkins analyze shopping online methods, while E. Dundure, B. Sloka touches on a new topic on mediation between banks and insurance companies, in the meantime, I. Pawlas analyzed economic activity in peripheral regions. Still there are a couple of articles with an ongoing relevance to sustainability. These are the green technology development article by A. Šneiderienė, H. Ruginė and Ž. Drabavičius paper about implementation of sustainability principles in enterprises. Enjoy your readings
VELIUONOS APYLINKIŲ GYVENTOJŲ PRAVARDĖS: METAFORIZACIJOS ASPEKTAS
Get PDFThe article analyses primary nicknames that were recorded at Veliuona vicinity during the project of the Institute of the Lithuanian Language “Modern Research of Geolinguistics in Lithuania: Optimisation of Network of Points and Interactive Spread of Dialectal Information”. The aim of the article is to analyse characteristic features of semantics of the appellative nicknames. Usually, the appellative nicknames are tropical – metaphorical or metonymic – therefore, it is crucial to determine what is the connection between metaphors and metonyms. The scientific research reveals what kind of characteristics are imagined to be shared with a person and a plant, a person and a mammal or a bird.KEY WORDS: nicknames of plant families, nicknames of animal families, the motivation of onomasiology, metaphorization.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v24i0.190
KAI KURIE MARTYNO LIUDVIKO RĖZOS MASONIŠKŲ RYŠIŲ ASPEKTAI IR LITUANISTINĖ VEIKLA
Get PDFMartynas Liudvikas Rėza (Martin Ludwig Rhesa, 1776–1841) is not only one of the most famous Lithuanian in the history of Lithuanians writings, but also a famous member of the Königsberg Masonic lodge Zu den drei Krönen, who has been astonished by the amplitude of his interests and the abundance of his works that still surprising. The range of activities of Rėza, his literary ambition range are wide – from the religious writings to the publishing of secular literature and folklore. Carefully going into the professors’ Lithuanian activities, the aspect of Rėza’s Masonry is important. Masonic echoes are found in Rėza’s publishing activities, correspondence and in relationships with well-known scholars and writers. The article aims to look more closely at the Masonic relations of Rėza in his Lithuanian activities.KEY WORDS: Rėza, masonry, freemasons, relationships, dispersions, Lithuanian Writings.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v24i0.191
SVEIKATOS PRIEŽIŪROS ĮSTAIGŲ VIDINĖS KOMUNIKACIJOS BARJERŲ ŠALINIMAS
Get PDFSveikatos priežiūros įstaigos (SPĮ) yra ganėtinai uždaros, kompleksinės įstaigos. Čia komunikaciniai ryšiai tarp nutolusių skyrių, įvairių profesijų atstovų ir hierarchinių grandžių yra sudėtingi, kyla konfliktų, nesusikalbama, iškraipoma informacija. Nesprendžiamų vidinės komunikacijos barjerų pasekmės – ne tik kilusi įtampa tarp darbuotojų, darbo kokybės prastėjimas, bet nukenčia ir įstaigos reputacija, galima neatitaisoma žala paciento sveikatai. Siekiant veiksmingos komunikacijos, reikia tam tikrų įgūdžių, abipusio supratimo, pagarbos tiek iš organizacijos vadovų, tiek iš darbuotojų. Straipsnyje analizuojamos SPĮ vidinės komunikacijos barjerų atsiradimo priežastys bei jų šalinimo būdai. Remiantis tyrimo rezultatais, nustatyta, kad analizuojama SPĮ neturi vidinės komunikacijos strategijos, vidinė komunikacija nepakankamai kontroliuojama, yra fragmentiška. Personalas susiduria su organizacijos struktūros, fizinio, psichologinio ir technologinio pobūdžio vidinės komunikacijos barjerais. Siekiant juos eliminuoti, pateikiama rekomendacijų, kaip gerinti SPĮ vidinę komunikaciją.PAGRINDINIAI ŽODŽIAI: vidinė komunikacija, barjerai, sveikatos priežiūros įstaiga.JEL KLASIFIKACIJA: D83; I10.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v28i2.194
“THE ECONOMIC CRISIS AND ITS AFTERMATH IN THE NORDIC AND BALTIC COUNTRIES DO AS WE SAY AND NOT AS WE DO”
Get PDFThe book The Economic Crisis and its Aftermath in the Nordic and Baltic Countries Do As We Say and Not As We Do written by Professor Dr. Hilmar Þór Hilmarsson is unique in many respects. It provides a broad view about the Nordic-Baltic countries, their response to the crisis of 2008/09 and the post-crisis consequences. Both regional and international aspects have been analyzed, namely regional institutions such as the European Union (EU) and global institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the operational sphere where policy choices of these nations get influenced. The author points out that Barry Eichengreen (Professor of Economics and Political Science at UC Berkeley) suggested that the title of this book should include: ‘Do as we say and not as we do’, reflecting author’s view mainly to a comparison between how Nordic countries may want the Baltic States to respond to crisis as compared to how they would respond themselves in comparable situations. In order to support this statement, the author mentions some instances, for example, comparison of how Finland and Sweden responded to the banking crisis they experienced in the early 1990s with how the Baltic States responded to the 2008/09 global economic and financial crisis, arguably under Nordic (mainly Swedish) influence. All those countries are then influenced by regional and global institutions. Thus, the author framed the title of the book as “The Economic Crisis and its Aftermath in the Nordic and Baltic Countries: Do as we say and not as we do”
NORDIC-BALTIC COOPERATION: OPPORTUNITIES, DIVISIONS AND EXTERNAL THREATS
Get PDFThe Nordic Baltic region (5+3) is now closely interlinked via trade, investment, mobility of people, and banking. All the countries in this group have pursued some form of integration with the European Union (EU). Six of them are EU member states, four of them are members of the euro area, and all of them are within the European Economic Area (EEA) and are Schengen member states. But can these small countries as a group cooperate more closely and perhaps exercise more collective authority in Europe? The Nordic countries and the Baltic States cooperate in the Bretton Woods institutions, the World Bank and the IMF, and six of them are among European NATO member states. When it comes to European integration the lack of common approach complicates their cooperation. Within this group there are internal divisions between the hardcore EU and euro area member states (the Baltics and Finland), EU members (Denmark and Sweden) and EU outsiders (Iceland and Norway). Common pathways for the future cooperation in Europe may be hard to find. Also, the Nordics are high income welfare states, but the Baltics are neoliberal with minimal governments and low-tax regimes. Additionally, external forces continue to challenge the Nordic Baltic region, including revanchist Russian policies threatening Baltic Sovereignty, unpredictable US policies towards NATO as well as reduced military presence in Europe, and dismal EU and euro area post crisis economic performance. All point to a future of uncertainty including both economic and security risks.KEYWORDS: European integration, small states, regional cooperation, Nordic countries, Baltic States.JEL CODES: F15, F50, P20DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v29i3.199