e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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Karakteristik Habitat Perkembangbiakan Vektor Filariasis di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
No full textAbstract. Subdistrict scores balaghar is on filariasis endemic areas in the shouthwest district Sumba. Filariasis (elephantiasis) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the filarial worm that attacks the lymph channels and lymph (lymphatic system) that can cause acuteor chronic clinical symptoms and is transmitted by mosquitoes Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Amigeres. The purpose researchis to describe the characteristics of the environment and behavior to the incidence on filariasis in District Kodi Balaghar South western Sumba. This research is descriptive study with cross sectional approach that describes the spread of filariasis. Kodi was conducted in Southwest Sumba Regency Balaghar for eight months from April to November 2014. Foundas apotential habitat forlas mosquito breeding habitats where dominant is a puddle of water, springs, drains and small stream swith temperatures ranging from21-350C, from 0,22 to 795luxillumination, range pH between7,2 to 7,7, 0-0.1‰ salinity with elevation ranging from 25-117m/asl. Where is thespecies found in the breeding habitat on is An.vagus, An.barbirostris, An.annularis, Cx.vishnui, Cx.bitaeniorhynchus, Cx.quinquefasciatus, Ar. Kuchingensis.Keywords:Filariasis, Environment, Breeding habitatsAbstrak. Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar merupakan salah satu daerah endemis filariasis di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Filariasis (penyakit kaki gajah) adalah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria Wuchereria brancofti, Brugia malayidan B. timori yang menyerang saluran dan kelenjar getah bening (sistem limfatik) yang dapat menyebabkan gejala klinis akut atau kronis dan ditularkan oleh nyamuk Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Amigeres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik lingkungan fisik dan biologi di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yaitu menggambarkan karakteristik lingkungan fisik dan biologi sebagai habitat perkembangbiakan nyamuk yang mempengaruhi penyebaran filariasis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya selama delapan bulan dari bulan April – November 2014. Ditemukan habitat yang berpotensial sebagi tempat perkembangbiakan nyamuk dimana habitat yang dominan yaitu genangan air, mata air, saluran air dan sungai kecil dengan suhu berkisar 21-350C, pencahayaan 0,22-795 lux, PH berkisar antara 7,2-7,7, salinitas 0-0,1 ‰ dengan ketinggian tempat berkisar antara 25-117m/dpl. Dimana spesies yang ditemukan pada habitat perkembangbiakan adalahAn.vagus, An. barbirostris, An.annularis, Cx.vishnui, Cx bitaeniorhynchus, Cx quinquefasciatus, Ar. Kuchingensis.Kata Kunci : Filariasis, Lingkungan, Habitat perkembangbiaka
Hubungan Higiene Perorangan dengan Kejadian Kecacingan pada Murid SD Negeri Abe Pantai Jayapura
No full textKecacingan merupakan salah satu penyakit berbasis lingkungan yang menjadi masalah bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Kecacingan dapat disebabkan oleh sejumlah cacing perut yang ditularkan melalui tanah disebutSoil Transmitted Helminths (STH) seperti cacing gelang (Ascaris lumbricoides), cacing tambang Ancylostoma duodenale dan Necator americanus) dan cacingcambuk (Trichuris trichiura). Higiene perorangan dan sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang baik pada anak- anak merupakan faktor yang memudahkan penularan kecacingan.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan higiene perorangan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada murid SD Negeri Abe Pantai Jayapura. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik, dengan rancanganpotong lintang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh murid SD Negeri AbePantai Jayapura yang berjumlah 384 orang. Sampel yang terkumpul sebanyak 70 orang yang diambil secara stratified random sampling. Cara pemeriksaan tinja secara kualitatif dengan metode langsung (direct) menggunakan larutan lugol. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik chi - square.Hasil penelitian diperoleh murid yang positif kecacingan sebanyak 50%, infeksi kecacingan terbanyak adalah Ascaris lumbricoides 48,5%, Trichuris trichiura 28,6%, Cacing Tambang 14,3%, dan infeksi campuran yang disebabkan oleh dua spesies atau lebih sebanyak 8,6%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan higiene perorangan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada murid SD Negeri Abe Pantai Jayapura (P Value= 0,47 dengan RP = 1,26, CI 95% 0,79-2,01).Kata Kunci :Kecacingan, Higiene PeroranganHelmints infection is an environmental based diasease and become a public health problem. and caused by Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus andTrishuris trichiura. Personal hygiene and environmental sanitation are factors that contributed in worm infection.The aim of the research is to identify the relation between personal hygiene and worm infection among students of SD Negeri Abe Pantai Jayapura. An analytic and cross sectional study was conducted. Seventy stool samples were collected randomly and examine direct methode. Data was analyzed using ch-square. Results: 50% samples have worm infection, 48,5%,Ascaris lumbricoides,28,6%Trichuris trichiura, 14,3%hook worm and 8,6% samples have mixed infection. No relation between personal hygiene and worm infection amon students of SD Negeri Abe Pantai Jayapura (p>0,05).Keywords:Soil Transmitted Helminthes, Personal Hygien
Survei Entomologi Anopheles spp di Kampung Bikar dan Kampung Kwor Kabupaten Tambrauw, Papua Barat
No full textAbstract.Entomology Survey of breeding site and biting activity malaria vector Anopheles spp were done at Tambrauw Regency in two villages, Bikar and Kwor. Both selected villages were having high malaria cases during the past year. The purpose of this study was to describe the habitat and biting activity of vector Anopheles spp in Tambrauw Regency. The results showed that larvae habitat characteristics found in the research location were water channel, semi-permanent ponds, truck tires footing and remaining excavation hole. Aquatic habitat characteristics i.e. salinity 0 ‰, water temperature range 27-28˚C, pH range 7,1-7,6 and water depth of breeding sites was 20-60 cm. Types of plants around the habitat were algae, moss, kale, and water hyacinth. The plants density were rather sparse. Anopheles spp found in the location were anthropophilic and endophagic, began actively biting at 19.00 to 20.00 WIT and reaching peak density at 23.00-24.00 WIT. In the area of forest land (Bikar village), average density of Anopheles spp indoor was 0,39 and outdoor was 0,33 mosquitoes per person per hour, whereas for coastal areas (Kwor village) we found density of Anopheles spp indoor was 0,14 and outdoors was 0,08/person/hour. Man biting rate was 0,13/person/night.Keywords: Anopheles spp, biting activity, breeding sitesAbstrak.Survey habitat dan aktifitas menggigit vektor malaria Anopheles spp di Kabupaten Tambrauw dilaksanakan di dua kampung, yaitu Kampung Bikar dan Kampung Kwor. Kedua desa yang dipilih mempunyai kasus malaria tinggi selama satu tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran habitat dan aktifitas menggigit vektor Anopheles spp di Kabupaten Tambrauw. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik habitat jentik yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian adalah saluran air, kolam semi permanen, bekas pijakan ban mobil truk dan bekas galian eskavator. Karateristik habitat yaitu salinitas perairan 0 ‰, suhu air habitat jentik 27-28 ˚C, dengan pH air normal 7,1 -7,6 dan kedalaman perairan 20-60 cm. Jenis tanaman di sekitar habitat yaitu algae, lumut, kangkung, enceng gondok dengan kerapatan tanaman agak jarang. Anopheles spp yang ditemukan di lokasi bersifat antrophofilik dan endofagik, mulai aktif menggigit pada pukul 19.00-20.00 WIT dan mencapai puncak kepadatan pukul 23.00-24.00 WIT malam hari. Di daerah daratan hutan (Kampung Bikar), di dapat rata-rata kepadatan Anopheles spp (An. punctulatus, An. koliensis dan An. farauti) orang per jam (MHD) di dalam rumah 0,39 nyamuk per orang per jam, sedangkan di luar rumah 0,33 nyamuk per orang per jam. Sedangkan untuk daerah pantai (Kampung Kwor) ditemukan Anopheles spp dengan tingkat kepadatan man hour density (MHD) di dalam rumah 0,14 per orang per jam, sedangkan MHD di luar rumah adalah 0,08 per orang per jam dan nilai Man biting rate (MBR) 0.13 per orang per malam.Kata kunci: Anopheles spp, aktivitas menggigit, habita
STUDI BIOEKOLOGI NYAMUK MANSONIA SPP VEKTOR FILARIASIS DI KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR, PROVINSI JAMBI
No full textLymphatic filariasis is still public health problem in Tanjung Jabung district, Jambi Province. Mass drug administration has been done to prevent of lymphatic filariasis transmission in this area, however new cases are still found. Bio-ecological study is needed to determine the behavior of mosquitoes which have role as lymphatic filariasis vector in related with this disease transmission. Entomological study was performed 4 times in period of June to October 2014. Total of 3,231 mosquitoes that consists of 25 spesies have been collected. As many as 2,655 (82,2%) collected mosquitoes have been identified as Mansonia spp., which consist of four spesies, i.e.: Mansonia bonneae, Ma. dives, Ma. indiana and Ma. uniformis. The highest mosquito density was Ma. indiana. The preference of blood feeding behavior of these mosquitoes were outdoor (exophagic), with peak biting density was occurred at 08.00 to 09.00 pm
PERBEDAAN SIKLUS GONOTROPIK DAN PELUANG HIDUP AEDES sp. DI KABUPATEN WONOSOBO
No full textABSTRACTDengue Fever in Wonosobo district had been increasing rapidly during 2009. Sub-district Wonosobo andGarung have different altitude characteristic and geographic. Potential transmissions based on altitude haveto be learned, especially in association with mosquitoes as dengue fever's vector. The objectives of thisstudy is to count gonotropic cycle and chance of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus' survival. Spot surveymethod and cross sectional design were used for this study. This study was being held in Pagerkukuhvillage (752-842 m) and Jaraksari village (765-781 m) at Wonosobo sub-district and Gemblengan village(1.166 m) at Garung sub-district. Mosquitoes were trapped in 100 m radius from dengue fever's casereport. Gonotropic cycle of Ae. albopictus in Gemblengan village is longer (3 - 7 days) than Pagerkukuh's(3 - 5 days). Gonotopic cycle's of Ae. aegypti in Jaraksari village lasts for 3 - 5 days. Survival chance ofAe. albopictus in Gemblengan village is higher (0,61-0,81) than Pagerkukuh village (0,54-0,69).Meanwhile, survival chance of Ae. aegypti in Jaraksari village was high (0,86-0,91). It's suggested to prioroutside house PSN (mosquito's nest eradication). Therefore, training for thermal fogging officer outsidehouse PSN is important. It also needs dengue virus' detection to verificate Ae. albopictus as dengue fever'svector.Keywords: gonotropic cycle, mosquito's survival chance, Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus ABSTRAKKabupaten Wonosobo merupakan daerah dataran tinggidi mana terjadi lonjakan kasus DBD tahun2009. Kecamatan Wonosobo dan Garung memiliki karakteristik ketinggian dan kondisi wilayah berbeda. Potensi penularanDengue berdasarkan ketinggian perlu dikaji terutama terkait dengan keberadaan nyamuk sebagai vektor DBD. Tujuan penelitian untuk menghitung siklus gonotropik dan peluang hidup nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodespot survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukandi Kelurahan Pagerkukuh(752-842 m) dan Jaraksari(765-781 m), Kecamatan Wonosobo serta Desa Gemblengan(1.166 m), Kecamatan Garung. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan dalamradius 100 meter dari laporan kasus DBD. Siklus gonotropik nyamuk Ae. albopictus di Desa Gemblengan lebihlama (3 -7 hari) dibandingkan dengan siklus gonotropikdi Kelurahan Pagerkukuh (3 -5 hari). Siklus gonotropik nyamuk Ae. aegypti di Kelurahan Jaraksari berlangsung selama3 -5 hari. Peluang hidup Ae. albopictus di Desa Gemblengan lebih tinggi(0,61-0,81) daripada Kelurahan Pagerkukuh (0,54-0,69). Sedangkan, peluang hidup nyamuk Ae. aegypti di Kelurahan Jaraksari tinggi yaitu0,86-0,91. Disarankan PSNdi luar rumah juga perlu diprioritaskan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pembekalanpada petugasthermal fogging terkait dengan aplikasithermal fogging di luar rumah, dan dilakukan deteksivirus Dengue untuk verifikasi Ae. albopictus sebagai vektor DBD.Kata Kunci: siklus gonotropik, peluang hidup nyamuk, Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictu
PERIODISITAS PARASIT FILARIASIS DI DESA KARYA MAKMUR KECAMATAN LUBUK RAJAM KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR PADA TAHUN 2007
No full textAbstract. Study on the periodicity of filarial larvae inKarya Makmur Village,Batumarta VIII Health CareEastOKU has been conducted in 2007. The objectives of the study were to identify the prevalence of Microfilaria Rate, filarial larvae species and periodicity of filarial larvae. Blood examination taken topeople from 2 year higher. For the periodicity blood examination was taken from each of the patient every2 hours in 24 hours. The number of people examined were 381 people and out of this number 4 people wereMicrofilaria Rate positive. TheMicrofilaria Rate rate was 1.05%. Periodicity study was done in 5positive persons. Blood was taken from each patient every 2 hours in 24 hours. The highest density was 8.95 per mm3 found at 21.00. According to the analysis it was found that the parasite was nocturnallyperiodic in 3 patients and not found in 2 patients
DISTRIBUSI DAN KEPADATAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS JAWA BARAT
No full textDifferences in geographical conditions led to the difference in it’s environmental condition among regions. This will influence epidemiology of the related diseases. Environmental factors such as altitude, temperature and relative humidity influence the incidence of dengue cases. Until now, information about the dengue vector based altitudes in Ciamis district is not available yet. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the distribution and density of dengue vectors in areas with different altitudes in Ciamis district. This descriptive research was conducted using cross-sectional design . The results show that the vector of dengue was found in all locations surveyed. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were found at altitude of 3-5 meter above sea level (masl) , 409-416 masl , 512-518 masl and 695-701 masl., The study found, there were only Ae. Aegypti at an altitude of 218-221 masl and Ae. Albopictus at an altitude of 839-847 masl. The highest vector density index which was rated based on larvae density, obtained at the height of 3-5 masl and the lowest one at the height of 837-847 masl. The correlation between the altitude with House Index, Container Index and Pupae index indicates that were inverse relationship with a very strong relationship. But there was no relationship between the altitude with Breteau Index values at each altitude
REVOLUSI KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK (KIA) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERSALINAN OLEH TENAGA KESEHATAN DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN KUPANG
No full textBasic Health Research 2007 shows that Kupang district is one of Regional Health Problems among 154 districts in Indonesia. In 2009 the Provincial Government of NTT launched the Mother and Child Health (MCH) Revolution Movement through Governor Regulation No. 42 in 2009, and followed by declaring Regulation of Head of Kupang District No.16 of 2010 on the Acceleration of MCH. The aim of this study is to describe the MCH achievement and the implementation of MCH Revolution Policy in Kupang District. This is a qualitative research which was conducted in 2012. Of the 25 health centers in Kupang District, there were 6 health center set in clusters. Data were collected by in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and document review. Results showed that the MCH Revolution Movement had succeeded in increasing the delivery by health workers, especially in health facilities by involving the community. This increase is relevant to the growing number of health centers, Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) facilities , and midwives in Kupang. The situation was supported by the facts that there were no competition between midwives and TBAs, active cadres who accompanied pregnant women very cooperative TBAs, supportive village regulation, and health centers and village midwives which always ready for delivery. Conclusions, the supporting factors of the MCH Revolution movement are the implementation of rewards and punishments system, community empowerment that has been running well, and also midwives-TBAs partnership