e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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Health Seeking Behaviour in Delivery Process Among Kaili Da’a Ethnic Groups In Mamuju Utara, West Celebes
No full textBackground: One of a major health problem in Mamuju Utara is the high number of infant mortality rates which isapproximately 43 cases of 2.598 live birth. It is said that the high rate of infant mortality is related to the high number ofassisted delivery by traditional birth attendant. An ethnographic research was conducted to fi nd the reasons behind theKaili Da’a ethnic group preference towards birth attendants. Methods: The research design is an exploration researchwith participant observation and indepth interviews as two techniques to gain data. Researcher stayed in the Wulai villagefor 60 days. Results: The results shows that factors which infl uence Kaili Da’a ethnic group preference in choosingtraditional birth attendants were a belief that traditional birth method was a natural thing, traditional birth attendant didn’tuse medical equipment, mother feel more comfortable with traditional birth method, health facilities are diffi cult to accessdue to geographical factors, and considerations of cost. Conclusion: Nevertheless, family’s involvement in the deliveryprocess is benefi cial to support the mother during this process. Therefore, family should be given knowledge about thesymptomps of high-risk pregnancy so that they could prevent maternal and infant deaths. In addition, it is necessary tobuild a partnership between midwifes with traditional birth attendant. Recommendation: The role of a fairly large familyduring the birth process can be maximized in a way for assistance from health workers to guide the family in order to makedeliveries in hygieni
Distribusi Filariasis Brugia Timori dan Wuchereria Bancrofti di Desa Kahale, Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Nusa Tenggara Timur
No full textLymphatic filariasis is still a health problem in the East Nusa Tenggara province. Southwest Sumba District is filariasis endemic area. It is found 35 chronic cases in Kodi Balaghar subdistrict. Although implementation of mass drug adminsitration was held in 2011 but drug coverage had been poor and not reach Kodi Balaghar subdistrict. The purpose of this study were to measure the prevalence and distribution, determine the density and type of parasite and mapping cases in the Kodi Balaghar subdistrict. This research was a descriptive study with cross sectional approach which conducted in the Kahale Village, Kodi Balaghar Subdistrict in 2012. Five hundred people were checked. The results of the examination found that 21 positive microfilariae cases, Mf rate was 4.2%. Two species of microfilariae that found were Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia timori. The distribution filariasis cases is higher in men and higher in reproductive age (15-45 years). There were three types of infection, an infection by B. timori, W. bancrofti, and mixed infections both the microfilariae. The density of microfilariae in the area was 190.86 mf/ml, the density W. bancrofti was 160.04 mf/ml, B. timori was 115.97 mf/ml. Filariasis cases distributed near to potential breeding places of mosquito
Kondisi Filariasis Pasca Pengobatan Massal di Kelurahan Pabean Kecamatan Pekalongan Utara Kota Pekalongan
No full textPekalongan city is endemic for filariasis. Filariasis Mass Drug Administration (MDA) implemented to decrease filariasis endemicity in Pekalongan and was started in 2011, but especially the Pabean Village has started implementing in 2009. The study aimed to determine the post-filariasis MDA by measuring filariasis endemicity parameters include the distribution of patients, microfilariae rate, microfilariae density, microfilariae species and adherence of the people. A descriptive study with cross sectional design was conducted in Pabean village, Pekalongan city. Finger Blood Filariasis slide and medication status of those who had Filariasis MDA in 2011-2013 were examined. Finger Blood Filariasis slide of 519 respondents examined found 7 (Mf rate 1.35%) microfilariae positive, decreased from 2007, accounted for 3.4% and spread almost evenly throughout the village. Microfilariae density accounted for 229.02 per ml of blood and only one species of filarial worms found as Wuchereria brancrofti. Respondents who received the drug in 2011, 2012, and 2013 increased (80.02%, 90.75%, 92.68% respectively), but respondents who were taking medication decreased (63.01% 60.89%, and 55, 88% respectively). From this findings, filariasis endemicity parameters showed that filariasis MDA for 5 years have not been able to eliminate filariasis endemicity despite of the drop parameter. Key words : filariasis, microfilariae, mass drug administratio
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No full textThis chapter investigates measures of journal performance and ranking. It begins by exploring the principal conventional sources of citation data, Web of Science and Scopus, and compares these with alternatives such as Google Scholar. Critical variables in citation analyses include coverage by discipline and different article types, such as review articles compared to articles documenting new research. The chapter concludes with an exploration of alternative metrics.abstrakyuitiu iuyuiyui yiyuuiy yiuyiui uityivf6u iutyui yurtyue t
Pemanfaatan tanaman obat tradisional anti diare pada Suku Dayak Dusun Deyah di Kecamatan Muara Uya Kabupaten Tabalong
No full textAbstract.The Local wisdom of society could have the form of knowledge about how to prohibit the disease. One of the society who has that knowledge is Dayak Ethnic at Deyah Village. The Objective of this study is to discover knowledge about traditional medicinal treatment which is related to diarrhea at Dayak Ethnic at Deyah Village in Muara Uya Tabalong Regency South Kalimantan. The method of this research is non intervention descriptive qualitative research and data collecting has done on March– October 2014. The instrument of this study is interview to explore the informant’s knowledge about traditional medicinal treatment ( traditional ingredients ) and the way to make the ingredients. The result of this study is medicine plants which is used by Dayak Ethnic at Deyah Village as antidiarrhea ( in Dayak Deyah Orchard’s langguage is called “Tantaharung” ) they are; guava, lasi/balik angin tree bark ,new stalk of kumala tawar/ pacing, stalk of cashew fruit, and tree bark of ramania. Medicine plants which are used by Dayak Ethnic at Deyah Village is suitable with the literature which said that the composition could cure diarrhea.Keywords: traditional medicine, dayak ethnic at deyah village, diarrhea.Abstrak. Kearifan lokal masyarakat dapat berbentuk pengetahuan tentang bagaimana menghindari penyakit. Salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang mempunyai pengetahuan tersebut adalah Suku Dayak Dusun Deyah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pengetahuan pengobatan tradisional yang berkaitan dengan penyakit diare pada Suku Dayak Dusun Deyah di Muara Uya Kabupaten Tabalong Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif deskriptif non intervensi dan pengumpulan data telah dilakukan pada bulan Maret s/d Oktober 2014. Instrumen pedoman wawancara untuk mengekplorasi pengetahuan informan tentang pengobatan tradisional (ramuan tradisional) dan cara membuat ramuan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa tanaman obat yang digunakan Suku Dayak Dusun Deyah sebagai anti diare (dalam bahasa Dayak Dusun Deyah biasa disebut “Tantaharung”) yaitu daun jambu biji, kulit batang lasi/balik angin, batang muda kumala tawar/pacing, dan batang jambu mente, dan kulit ramania. Tanaman obat yang digunakan Suku Dayak Dusun Deyah sesuai dengan literatur yang mengatakan kandungannya dapat mengatasi penyakit diare.Kata kunci: obat tradisional, dayak dusun deyah, diare
Gambaran Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Penduduk Indonesia dalam Konteks Gizi Seimbang: Analisis Lanjut Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014
Get PDFAbstract Fruits and vegetables consumption was required by human body as sources of vitamins, minerals and fibers in achieving a healthy and nutritious balanced diet. The objective of the analysis is to obtain proportion and the average of fruits and vegetables consumed by Indonesian population at the age group, both in urban and rural areas from the 2014 Individual Food Consumption Survey The analysis showed that almost all Indonesion population consume vegetables (94.8%) but only a few of them that consume fruits (33.2%). Average vegetables consumption was 70.0g/person/day and fruit consumption was 38.8 grams/grams/person/day. Total consumption of vegetables and fruits were 108.8g/person/day. When they were compared to the recommended adequacy under the guidelines of balanced nutrition, fruits and vegetables consumption were still low. A total of 97.1% of the population did not consume enough vegetables and fruits. When it was compared to the age group, teenagers were the highest age groups who consumed less fruit and vegetables (98.4%). The study concludes that the average consumption of vegetables and fruits of the Indonesian population was still low, in the context of balanced nutrition by age group, both in urban and rural areas, and the lowest was teenagers. Key words : fruits and vegetables, consumption, balanced nutrition, Indonesian population AbstrakKonsumsi sayur dan buah diperlukan tubuh sebagai sumber vitamin, mineral dan serat dalam mencapai pola makan sehat dengan gizi seimbang untuk kesehatan yang optimal. Tujuan analisis lanjut untuk mendapatkan informasi proporsi dan rerata jumlah sayur dan buah yang dikonsumsi penduduk menurut kelompok umur, baik di perkotaan maupun di perdesaan dalam konteks gizi seimbang. Data yang dianalisis merupakan hasil Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Data konsumsi dikumpulkan dengan metode recall 1x24 jam, dilakukan oleh tenaga gizi yang telah dilatih. Data yang dianalisis adalah konsumsi sayur dan buah penduduk Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua penduduk Indonesia mengonsumsi sayur (94,8%) namun hanya sedikit yang mengonsumsi buah (33,2%). Rerata konsumsi sayur penduduk 70,0 gram/orang/hari dan konsumsi buah 38,8 gram/gram/orang/hari. Total konsumsi sayur dan buah penduduk 108,8 gram/orang/hari. Bila dibandingkan dengan kecukupan yang dianjurkan menurut pedoman gizi seimbang, konsumsi sayur dan buah tersebut masih rendah. Sebanyak 97,1% penduduk kurang mengonsumsi sayur dan buah. Bila dilihat dari kelompok umur, remaja adalah kelompok umur tertinggi yang kurang mengonsumsi sayur dan buah (98,4%). Kesimpulan: Konsumsi sayur-buah penduduk Indonesia masih rendah dalam konteks gizi seimbang menurut kelompok umur, baik di perkotaan maupun di perdesaan dan paling rendah adalah pada kelompok usia remaja.Kata kunci : Sayur dan buah, konsumsi, gizi seimbang, pendudu
Studi Kasus: Konfirmasi Kasus Flu Burung di Kota Bengkulu Provinsi Bengkulu Tahun 2012
Get PDFAbstractOutbreak Command Post reported that there was a suspected case of Avian Influenza, a woman, 24 year old from the village of Dahri, sub-district of Ratu Samban, in the Province of Bengkulu. The suspected case showed similar symptom with AI but no report of contact with dead or sick poultry. Therefore, field and laboratory investigations were needed to confirm the case through the examination of nasal and throat swabs. The nasal and throat swab as well as Endothelial Tracheal Tube (ETT) fluid and serum were collected from the case two days respectively. The specimens were examined by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the genetic materials of AI and the serum examination was conducted using Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test to determine antibodies of Avian Influenza. The results of the examination by RT-PCR showed H5N1 positive. Serum specimen was also collected from the case contacts, family members and the neighbours. The results showed that there was no antibody titer found in the specimen. The suspect was then confirmed infected by Avian Influenza.Keywords : avian influenza , RT-PCR, Bengkulu, confirmed cases.AbstrakPosko Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) melaporkan bahwa adanya kasus tersangka flu burung di Kecamatan Ratu Samban Kota Bengkulu Provinsi Bengkulu. Kasus tersangka menunjukkan gejala serupa dengan kasus flu burung namun tidak dilaporkan adanya kontak dengan unggas mati ataupun sakit. Konfirmasi Flu Burung terhadap kasus perlu dilakukan melalui investigasi lapangan dan laboratorium. Spesimen berupa swab hidung, swab tenggorok, cairan Endo Tracheal Tube (ETT) dan serum diambil dari kasus selama 2 hari berturut-turut. Pada spesimen tersebut dilakukan pemeriksaan Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) untuk mengetahui adanya materi genetik Flu Burung dan pemeriksaan serum dilakukan dengan metode Hemaglutinasi Inhibisi (HI) untuk mengetahui antibodi terhadap Flu Burung. Pengambilan spesimen serum juga dilakukan pada kontak kasus. Hasil pemeriksaan (RT-PCR) menunjukkan positif H5N1. Hasil pemeriksaan HI pada spesimen kontak keluarga dan tetangga menunjukan tidak adanya titer antibodi. Tersangka merupakan kasus konfirm terinfeksi Flu Burung.Kata kunci : flu burung , RT-PCR, Bengkulu, kasus konfirm
Prevalensi, Agen Penyebab, dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Infeksi Tinea unguium pada Peternak Babi di Kecamatan Tanah Siang, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Get PDFPrevalensi Tinea unguium di Indonesia rendah yakni 5% jika dibandingkan di negara-negara barat, hal tersebut dikarenakan oleh beberapa faktor. Infeksi ini diketahui menyebabkan gangguan klinis yang cukup signifikan, bersifat kronis, dan sulit untuk diobati. Tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui prevalensi, etiologi infeksi, dan analisis faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan Tinea unguium pada peternak babi yang diperoleh di Desa Konut dan Desa Sungai Lunuk di Kecamatan Tanah Siang, Kalimantan Tengah. Jenis penelitian analitikobservasional dengan desain studi Cross-sectional. Pengumpulan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2011. Sebanyak 40 sampel hasil kerokan kuku kaki ataupun kuku tangan dari peternak babi yang menunjukkan gejala Tinea unguium. Pemeriksaan mikroskopis dilakukan terhadap sampel klinis baik secara langsung dengan KOH 40% maupun kultur pada media Sabaroud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) dengan KOH 10%. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopis, Tinea unguium ditemukan pada 14 (35%) sampel, diantara sampel positifdiketahui 10 (71%) infeksi terjadi pada perempuan. Kebiasaan menggunakan alat pelindung diri berdasarkan uji Chi-square menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan terjadinya infeksi (p = 0,007). Candida sp ditemukan pada hampir semua kultur spesimen. Prevalensi Tinea unguium pada peternak babi cukup tinggi dan faktor yang menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan infeksi adalah kebiasaan menggunakan pelindung diri
Pengujian Ekstrak Biji Jarak Merah (Jatropha Gossypiifolia L) terhadap Keong Perantara Schistosomiasis, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis di Napu, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah
No full textSchistosomiasis is still a health problem in endemic areas of Napu highland, Poso, Central Sulawesi. Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, an host of intermediate schistosomiasis is widespread in the region Napu. Snail control was done by spraying molluscicides. However, due to high potential of chemical molluscicides resistance, study for natural ingredients as an alternative molluscicides Bayluscide is needed. One of the potential botanical molluscicides is environmental friendly of Jatropha gossypifolia extract. The aim of this study was to identify effect of J.gossypifolia extract against O.h.lindoensis.The research was conducted in Schistosomiasis Laboratory Napu, in period of March – November 2012. For field test: Animal Histology and Embryology, Facultas of Biology, Gadjah Mada University for histological analysis; and Laboratory of Parasitology, Vector Borne Diseases Research Unit (VBDRU) for tissue damage observation. The result showed severe damage of gill tissues and muscular foot organ particularly in the gill epithellial form, gill lamella, epithellial cell in the epidermis of muscular foots.By the histological analyis, the mode of J.gossypifolia toxic action can be identified through contact and respiration.Test with LC50 (10.4 ml / L) seed extract showed the snails mortality of 56.8%. The test results with Lc95 (18.6 ml / L) seed extract showed the snails mortality by 72%.The most severe snail tissue damage caused by J.gossypifolia extract found in gills and muscular foot in the period of 24 hours observation.
Gambaran Bakteri Ulkus Diabetikum di Rumah Sakit Zainal Abidin dan Meuraxa Tahun 2015
No full textAbstract Ulcer is a complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) that begins with a superficial infection of the patient’s skin. High blood glucose levels become a strategic development of bacteria. The study aimed to get a description of diabetic ulcer bacteria among diabetic patients at RSUD Zainal Abidin and Meuraxa in 2015. This study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. Subjects were DM patients with ulcers of 57 patients at the two hospitals in the period November to December 2015. Most respondents were females (31), elderly (53), suffering from diabetes more than one year (52), blood sugar levels were not controlled (35) and accompanied comorbidities (33). Consecutively, most of bacteria found were Staphylococcus sp. (92.9%), Klebsiella sp. (75.4%), Proteus sp. (73.7%), Shigella sp. (68.4%), E. coli sp. (42.1%), and Pseudomonas sp. (10.5%). Amoxicillin had the highest level of resistance to bacterial (32), except for Staphylococcus sp. The majority of respondents (42%) which resistant to amoxicillin were females, adult ages, patients suffering from diabetes for over a year with poorly controlled blood sugar levels without complication illness. Amoxicillin antibiotic used for the treatment of ulcers should be reviewed because there were some bacteria that were resistant to these antibiotics. Key word : antibiotic, bacteria, diabetic ulcer AbstrakUlkus merupakan komplikasi dari Diabetes Mellitus (DM) yang diawali dengan infeksi superficial pada kulit penderita. Kadar glukosa darah yang tinggi menjadi tempat strategis perkembangan bakteri. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran bakteri ulkus diabetikum di Rumah Sakit Umum Zainal Abidin dan Meuraxa tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien DM dengan ulkus berjumlah 57 pasien yang berobat di RSUD Zainal Abidin dan Meuraxa Banda Aceh periode November-Desember 2015. Gambaran subjek penelitian dengan jenis kelamin perempuan (31), lanjut usia (53), menderita DM lebih dari satu tahun (52), kadar gula darah tidak terkontrol (35) dan diserta penyakit penyerta (33). Jenis bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam pus ulkus diabetikum berturut-turut adalah Staphylococcus sp.(92,9%), Klebsiella sp. (75,4%), Proteus sp. (73,7%), Shigella sp. (68,4%), E.coli sp. (42,1%), dan Pseudomonas sp. (10,5%). Amoxicillin menduduki peringkat tertinggi tingkat resistensi dengan jumlah resistensi bakteri terbanyak (32), kecuali pada Staphylococcus sp. Sebagian besar responden (42%) yang resisten terhadap amoxicillin adalah perempuan, berusia dewasa, menderita DM lebih dari satu tahun dengan kadar gula darah tidak terkontrol tanpa penyakit penyerta. Antibiotik amoxicillin yang digunakan untuk pengobatan ulkus sebaiknya dikaji ulang karena terdapat beberapa bakteri yang sudah resisten dengan antibiotik tersebut.Kata kunci : ulkus diabetikum, bakteri, antibioti