e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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Empowering Sekaa Teruni on Assisting Pregnant Mothers for Giving Exclusive Breastfeeding in Klungkung, Bali, 2014
No full textBackground: Bali Province in general and Klungkung regency in particular, there was a community organization that can support the increased coverage of exclusive breastfeeding by utilizing the teenagers in the region. Youth organizations exist in each village/ Banjar is called sekaa teruna teruni (STT). The purpose of this research is to improve the knowledge of pregnant mothers about breastfeeding through the empowerment of sekaa teruni in health center Klungkung I, Klungkung,Bali. Methods: The research was conducted with one group pre-test-post-test design. The samples are only girls / sekaa teruni, as many as 30 people. Results: The majority of Sekaa teruni that has been trained (83.3%) have less knowledge about breastfeeding, while Sekaa teruni that has considerable knowledge is 16.7% and none of the respondents (0%) who have a good knowledge about breastfeeding. Having analyzed Paired t-test values obtained P > 0.05 means no meaningful or no difference in the level of knowledge before and after the sekaa teruni given training on breastfeeding. While sekaa teruni after being trained on breastfeeding, there is only one respondent (3.3%) who has good attitude categories, respondents are largely having moderate attitude (76.7%). The results of statistical tests Paired t-test before and after training P<0.05 means that there was a difference attitudes towards breastfeeding. Conclusion: The impact of Seka teruni empowerment was the achievement of pregnant women in giving exclusive breastfeeding to their babies that is increasing to 88.3% which is above the national target of 80.0%
RESPONSE OF Andrographis paniculata ON PHOSPHATE AND ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA CONSORTIA IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION MEDIA Response Tanaman Sambiloto terhadap Fosfat dan Konsorsium Bakteri Endofit pada Media Larutan Hara
No full textABSTRACT Phosphate and endophytic bacteria are two necessary components in primary and secondary metabolic processes of king bitter (Andrographis paniculata). This research objectives to know the effect of P and endophytic bacteria consortia (EBC) to improve growth, yield and andrographolide content of A. paniculata. This experiment consisted of two stages: a) the response of A. paniculata to P concentrations in growth medium. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. The P concentrations were 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 mM KH2PO4. b) The response of A. paniculata to P concentration and EBC in nutrient solution media. The trial used a factorial randomized block design, 4 treatments, factorial, with six replications. The first factors were P consentration P; deficient P (0,1 mM KH2PO4), and P sufficient (1,0 mM KH2PO4). The second factors were EBC; without and with EBC (20CD). The results of the first stage indicated that P was deficient at 0.1 mM KH2PO4 and P sufficient at 1.0 mM KH2PO4. The results of the second stage showed that the P sufficient concentration significantly increased growth, and dry weight of herb. However, P deficient improved andrographolide content. The EBC significantly improved growth, increased dry weight of herb, and andrographolide yield. Although had no significant effect on andrographolide content. There were no interaction between P concentration and EBC in nutrient solution media. Key words: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, endophytic bacteria, phosphate. ABSTRAK Fosfat (P) dan bakteri endofit merupakan dua komponen yang penting di dalam proses metabolit primer dan sekunder pada tanaman sambiloto. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh P dan konsorsium bakteri endofit (KBE) terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan, produksi dan kadar andrografolid tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap: a) Respon tanaman sambiloto terhadap konsentrasi P pada media larutan hara, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, 6 perlakuan, dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan P terdiri dari 0; 0,01; 0,05; 0,1; 1,0; dan 2,0 mM KH2PO4. b) Response tanaman sambiloto terhadap P dan KBE pada media larutan hara, Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi P terdiri dari P kurang (0,1 mM KH2PO4) dan P cukup (1,0 mM KH2PO4). Faktor kedua adalah bakteri yaitu tanpa KBE dan dengan KBE (20CD). Hasil penelitian pada tahap pertama menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh dosis P kurang untuk tanaman sambiloto (0,1 mM KH2PO4) dan dosis P cukup (1,0 mM KH2PO4). Hasil penelitian pada tahap kedua menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian P cukup mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan, dan bobot kering herba. Sebaliknya, P kurang meningkatkan kadar andrografolid. KBE mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan, bobot kering herba, dan produksi andrografolid, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi kandungan andrografolid. Tidak ada interaksi antara P dan KBE dalam media larutan hara.
Prevalensi dan Pola Resistensi N.gonorrhoeae Terhadap Beberapa Antibiotik pada Wanita Penjaja Seks di Jakarta Timur, Tangerang dan Palembang Tahun 2012
No full textEfektifitas Penggunaan Manitoba Trap dalam Surveilans penyakit Bersumber Lalat di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan
No full textFlies-vector control programs are essential to prevent flies-borne diseases. These activities consist of surveillance to determine the multiplication and distribution patterns of flies, as well as efforts to control flies populations. Flies trap as a surveillance tool was vary according to the interests of the user. Manitoba trap and bottled trap have been widely used to control flies population. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of both traps type and their modification form for the benefit of the survey, thus it can be a recommendation for flies surveillance program manager. This was a quasi-experimental study design conducted on January 2016 in twocattle farm in Kersik Putih and Segumbang Village, Tanah Bumbu District, South Kalimantan. There were 4 types of trap used in this study: 1) Manitoba trap with black cloth; 2) Manitoba trap with domestic waste or animal excreta as bait; 3) Bottled trap filled with sugar and vinegar solution; and 4) Bottled trap with domestic waste or food scraps. Each type of trap was doubled.Traps was put in pre-randomized spot around cattle cage and leftfor 4 days. The number of flies trapped ranged between 0-55, with Stomoxys calcitrans and Musca Linnaeus as the most species found trapped. Manitoba trap with domestic waste or animal excreta has the highest mean of density compared to the other three trap types. This study showed that Manitoba trap is fairly effective to be used as a surveillance tool in the open area offarm
Karakteristik Habitat Larva Anopheles spp. di Desa Sungai Nyamuk, Daerah Endemik Malaria di Kabupaten Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara
No full textA research about Habitat Characteristics of Anopheles spp. larvae was done in Sungai Nyamuk Village, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Province from August 2010 to January 2012. This research aims to analyse the characteristics of breeding places of Anopheles spp. The larvae taken from various types of habitat with detention and maintained until it was developed into mosquitoes, then later identified. The results showed that there are four types of potential breeding places of Anopheles spp. ie lagoon, ditches, fish ponds and marshes. Anopheles types that are found consist of five species, namely An. vagus, An. subpictus, An. sundaicus, An. indefinitus dan An. peditaeniatus. Types of potential breeding places are dominated by the unused fish pond, with the substrate in the form of mud and water is not flowing, located around settlements surrounded by grasses, shrubs and trees. Breeding places contains of aquatic plants such as grasses and moss. Predators are found in the form of a dragonfly nymph, crustaceans, tadpoles and small fish. Early malaria vector control at the level of the larvae is a critical point of the success of malaria elimination programs in endemic areas
Pertumbuhan Linier Anak Balita Gizi Buruk Mengikuti Rawat Jalan di Puskesmas
No full textABSTRACT Background. The prevalence of severe malnutrition among children under five years in Indonesia was still high. The out-patient treatment can improved the growth of Weight/Height (W/H) index only, but it did not show a decrease number of the stunted children. Objective. The objective of this study was to examine the linear growth of severe malnourished children based on Height/Age (H/A) index during 3 months following out-patient therapeutic care in health center. Method. A quasi experiment study was carried out at six health centers in Bogor. Consecutive sampling was done in selecting the subject then the subject were divided into two groups as control and experiment group. The criteria of subject were aged 8-36 months, severe wasting based on (W/H).The control group was given standard therapy while the experiment group given standard therapy plus micronutrient-fortified formula. Results. At the beginning the average of W/H index in control and experiment group were -3.45 + 0.76 and -3.23 + 0.44 Z-scores (p>0.05), while the average of H/A index were -2.87 + 1.1 and -3.25 + 0.77 Z- scores. At the end (follow-up), in control and experiment group achieved -2.62 + 0.64 and -2.45 + 0.70 Z- scores (p>0.05). While the average of H/A index in control and experiment group were -2.84 + 1.38 and -2.90 + 0.75 Z scores, there was no significant difference of H/A index between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. Proportion of stunted subject in both groups were not changed at follow-up phase. Micronutient-fortified formula added into standard therapy had not improved H/A index of severe malnourished children. The study needed to prolong to give significant result on H/A index and nutrition counseling, caring activity should be added into out-patient treatment. Keywords: malnourished, micronutrient, stunted. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang. Prevalensi anak balita gizi buruk masih tinggi di Indonesia. Penanganan rawat jalan hanya dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan menurut indeks BB/TB, tetapi belum dapat memperbaiki pertumbuhan linier berdasarkan TB/U sehingga anak tetap pendek. Tujuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai status gizi anak gizi buruk berdasarkan indeks TB/U selama 3 bulan mengikuti rawat jalan di puskesmas. Metode. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen yang dilakukan di enam puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor. Cara pengambilan subjek secara consecutive, kemudian subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan eksperimen. Kriteria subjek berusia 8-36 bulan, sangat kurus dengan Z-skor menurut indeks BB/TB <-3. Kelompok kontrol diberi perlakuan standar sedangkan kelompok eksperimen diberikan perlakuan standar ditambah formula makanan yang diperkaya zat gizi mikro. Hasil. Pada tahap awal, rerata Z-skor indeks BB/TB pada kelompok kontrol dan eksperimen sebesar -3.45 + 0.76 dan -3.23 + 0.44, sedangkan rerata Z-skor indeks TB/U adalah -2.87 + 1.19 dan -3.25 + 0.77 (p>0.05). Pada tahap lanjutan (follow-up), terjadi perbaikan status gizi berdasarkan indeks BB/TB, pada kelompok kontrol dan eksperimen mencapai -2.62 + 0.64 dan -2.45 + 0.70 Z skor, namun perbaikan antara kedua kelompok tidak nyata (p>0.05). Sedangkan rerata Z-skor indeks TB/U pada kelompok kontrol dan eksperimen yaitu -2.84+ 1.38 dan -2.90 +0.75, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan indeks TB/U antara dua kelompok (p> 0.05). Kesimpulan. Proporsi subjek stunting pada kedua kelompok tidak berubah pada tahap lanjutan. Formula makanan yang diperkaya dengan zat gizi mikro dalam kegiatan rawat jalan belum berhasil memperbaiki pertumbuhan linier menurut indeks TB/U subjek yang mengalami gizi buruk. Perpanjangan studi diperlukan agar dapat memberikan hasil yang signifikan pada status gizi menurut indeks TB/U. Kegiatan konseling gizi dan pengasuhan anak perlu ditambahkan dalam kegiatan rawat jalan di puskesmas. Kata kunci:gizi buruk, zat gizi mikro, pendek
Survei Jentik DBD di Tempat-tempat Umum (TTU) di Kecamatan Tanantovea, Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah
No full textDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease in Palu where annually reportedthe cases of dengue annually reported. Based of on that condition occurred in Palu, there ispotential transmitting of dengue vectors over in the area immediately adjacent withsurrounding of Palu city like such as Tanantovea sub-district, Donggala, Central Sulawesi.The purpose of this survey was a first step to determine the potential transmission ofdengue vector, especially in Public Places in Tanantovea area district . Data was collectedusing single larvae and/or visual method. The result of House Index (HI), Container index(CI) ,Breteau index (BI), and density figure were 28.26 %, 25.35 % 39.13%,and densityfigure 6, respectively. Larvae free index were 71.4%, it was lower than national standardof 95%. Density figure >1 , HI > 1 ; BI > 5 showsindicating that public places in Tanantoveadistrict have potencial risk of dengue vector transmission. It is recommended that larvasurvey should also conducted in people's homes around public places and larvae observedperiodically either by cadres, officers of health centers and or school health care unit. Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit endemis di Kota Palu yangsetiap tahunnya dilaporkan adanya kasus DBD. Melihat kondisi yang terjadi di kotaPalu, terdapat potensi penyebaran vektor DBD di daerah yang berbatasan langsungdengan kota Palu seperti di kecamatan Tanantovea, Kab. Donggala. Tujuan survei iniadalah sebagai langkah awal untuk mengetahui potensi penyebaran vektor DBDterutama di Tempat-tempat Umum (TTU) di Kecamatan Tanantovea. Survei inimenggunakan metode single larva atau metode visual. Hasil House Index (HI),Container Index (CI) , Breteau Index (BI) di Tempat-tempat Umum di KecamatanTanantovea masing-masing sebesar 28,26 %, 25,35 % dan 39,13. Berdasarkancontainer index didapatkan density figure 6. Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) 71,4% beradajauh dibawah standar nasional ABJ 95%. Analisis resiko penularan Dengueberdasarkan index jentik dengan nilai Densitiy figure > 1, HI >1; BI > 5 menunjukkanTTU di kecamatan Tanantovea beresiko terjadinya penularan, sehingga disarankandilakukan juga survei jentik di rumah-rumah penduduk di sekitar TTU yangmempunyai resiko penularan dan melakukan pengamatan jentik secara berkala baikoleh kader, petugas puskesmas maupun unit kesehatan sekolah
