e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
Not a member yet
4975 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of purified gambir leaves extract to prevent atherosclerosis in rats
No full textAbstrak Latar belakang: Aterosklerosis merupakan faktor risiko timbulnya penyakit jantung koroner (PJK). Senyawakatekin memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi yang dapat menghambat terjadinya aterosklerosis. Ekstrak daungambir (Uncaria gambir, Roxb.) mengandung katekin tinggi sehingga berpotensi menghambat terjadinyaaterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek ekstrak terpurifikasi daun gambir dalam menghambataterosklerosis pada tikus.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmasidan Laboratorium Hewan, Badan Litbangkes, Kemenkes RI pada tahun 2014. Ekstrak gambir dipurifikasi untukdiperoleh kandungan katekin yang optimal, selanjutnya dilakukan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan pereaksi2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dengan pembanding asam askorbat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 36 ekortikus putih jantan galur Sprague Dawley berusia 2,5 bulan yang dibagi secara acak ke dalam enam kelompokyaitu kelompok normal, kontrol negatif (akuades), kontrol positif (atorvastatin 2 mg/200 g bb), ekstrak dosis I (20mg/200 g bb), dosis II (40 mg/200 g bb) dan dosis III (80 mg/200 g bb). Tikus diinduksi dengan makanan yangmengandung lemak tinggi dan perlakuan pengobatan sesuai kelompoknya selama 60 hari, kecuali kontrol normal.Hasil: Kadar katekin dalam ekstrak gambir terpurifikasi diperoleh sebesar 92,69%. Dari uji aktivitasantioksidan diperoleh IC50 11,76 μg/mL. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas antiateroskelrosis menunjukkan bahwa jikadibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif, ketiga dosis ekstrak gambir terpurifikasi mampu mencegah terjadinyaaterosklerosis dengan menghambat penebalan dinding aorta dan pembentukan sel busa (p<0,05). Aktivitasantiaterosklerosis meningkat dengan bertambahnya dosis.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak gambir terpurifikasi mempunyai efek mencegah penebalan dinding dan pembentukansel busa aorta tikus. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:105-10)Kata kunci: gambir, katekin, antiaterosklerosis AbstractBackground: Atherosclerosis is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Catechin have highantioxidant activity that can prevent atherosclerosis. Gambir (Uncaria gambir, Roxb.) leaves extract havehigh catechin content thereby potentially inhibiting atherosclerosis. This research was aimed to examineeffect of purified gambir leaves extract to prevent atherosclerosis in rats.Methods: The experimental laboratory study was conducted in Pharmacy Laboratory and Animal Laboratory,National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia in 2014.Gambir leaves extract were purified to gain optimum catechin. Afterwards, antioxidant activity was testedusing 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, with ascorbic acid as positive control. Thirty six whitemale Sprague Dawley rats aged 2.5 months were randomly divided into six groups, i.e. normal control group,negative control group (aquadest), positive control group (atorvastatin 2 mg/200 g bw),extract dose I (20mg/200 g bw), dose II (40 mg/200 g bw) and dose III (80 mg/200 g bw). The rats were given high fat diet andtreatment according to their group for 60 days, except for normal control group.Results: Catechin content in the purified gambir leaves extract was 92,69%. From antioxidant activity test, IC50 wasfound to be 11,76 μg/mL. Anti-atherosclerotic activity study shown that compared to negative control, all three dosesof purified gambir leaves extract were able to prevent atherosclerosis through inhibition of aortic wall thickening andfoam cell formation due to high fat diet (p<0.05). Anti-atherosclerotic activity increased with increasing dose.Conclusion: Gambir leaves purified extract had the effect of preventing the thickening of the walls andfoam cell formation rat aorta. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:105-10)Keywords: gambir, catechin, antiatherosclerosi
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENDERITA TB PARU DI KABUPATEN TANGERANG
No full textTuberculosis (TB) remains to be a national problem, because it is the third most deadly disease after cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in any age, and it is the most deadly in terms of infectionillness. Curing TB using directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) strategy is still a problem becausethe lack of human resources in controlling the drugs intake from health case facilities. The objective of the study is to find out theunprovement of knowledge of TBaccustwes after being given information about TB.The study coverage is five community health centers in Tangerang using quasi experimental design with 84samples. The interviews are held passively with the following criteria : BTA positive with category.Intervention is done to the accusatives by giving information about curing TB intensively and giving guidance book to them. Before doing intervention, we firstly conduct an interview to know about theaccusatives socio economic conditions and their knowledge about curing TB. The result of the study . reveals that the knowledge of the accusatives before being given information and after receivinginformation is very different with RR value= 3.05, meaning that TB accusatives knowledge who havereceived the information is better than those who do not received the information
PENGETAHUAN WUS YANG RENDAH TERHADAP TOKSOPLASMOSIS DI KECAMATAN SETIABUDI DAN KECAMATAN MAMPANG KODYA JAKARTA SELATAN
No full textThe risk ofToxoplasmosis gondii can cause abortion, it can result in death or mental disorderfor babies. A study has been conducted with cross sectional design. The analysis unit was used in womenin infertile period with age of 20-34 years old. It was done in two villages in South Jakarta in 2000. Data collected by performing interviews usingquestionnare conducted by health workers. Objective of thisresearch was toindentify the characteristics of women in infertile period for the purpose ofToxoplasmosis counselings model. The results of this study showed characteristics of women in infertile period withcomplete primary school education was (74.0%), those with married status (83.6%, and 16,4% for unmarried ones More than half of the respondents was Java tribe( 62.1 %), and rest of them come from Sunda tribe, out of Java, Betawi tribe and foreign (Indian nations). The majority (59.0%) of therespondents was housewife and rest were( intrepreneurs, workers, teachers, and college). The averageexpenditure of the respondent family was underRp 750.000 per month( 34.1 % ) Knowledge of toksoplasmosis was only understood by 18.1% .The sources of information was come fromwaching TV66.9 % ), listening of the radio( 27,0 %) and reading ( 6.1%) . This research results is expected to use for developingtoksoplasmosis prevention counseling models for wedding preparation
HEALTH AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF SMOKING IN INDONESIA: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
No full textTobacco smoking is a huge health threat to the population due to its potential adverse health and economic consequences. Yet, studies that review these consequences in Indonesia are rare. This paper attempts to address the health and economic implications of smoking in Indonesia.We performed a narrative literature review from various feasible sources of information. We carefully selected literature based on its suitability and relevance. We collected 75 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, and 37 reports and legal products pertaining to tobacco control. From those literatures, we then infer that smoking lowers the health status, causes premature mortality, and possibly, impedes future economic growth.The links between smoking, human capital and economic growth warrant further research. The formulation of appropriate policies must consider gender and cultural issues prevalent in Indonesi
Rickettsia pada Pinjal Tikus (Xenopsylla Cheopis) di Daerah Pelabuhan Semarang, Kupang dan Maumere
No full textAbstract The genus of Rickettsia is gram negative bacteria causing rickettsioses and involve mammal hosts and arthropod vectors in their life cycle (lices, mites, ticks, and fleas). Rats were one of rickettsial hosts, and fleas were rat ectoparasites that involve in the transmision from bacteria into humans. Unspecific clinical manifestation and difficulties of laboratory diagnoses caused the information about rickettsioses in humans were still limited. The aim of this study was to detect Rickettsia spp on rat fleas. Rat flea specimens were collected from three seaports of Semarang, Kupang and Maumere. Specimens were analyzed using PCR method by gltA amplification (primer 877F and 1258R). Confirmation of rickettsia species was conducted by sequencing. The results showed percentages of rickettsial infections on rat fleas for Semarang, Kupang, and Maumere were 19%, 61%, and 44%, respectively. Seven samples from eighteen samples sequences confirmed as Rickettsia typhi and the other 11 samples were Bartonella sp. This study was provided additional information about the presence of Rickettsia in 3 seaport in Indonesia and could be initiating rickettsioses surveilans in the regions. Keywords: Rickettsia spp., Xenopsylla cheopis, rat, molecular, IndonesiaAbstrakRickettsia merupakan bakteri pathogen penyebab berbagai rickettsiosis yang siklus hidupnya melibatkan reservoir mamalia dan vektor artropoda (kutu, tungau, caplak, dan pinjal). Tikus merupakan salah satu reservoir bakteri Rickettsia dan pinjal merupakan ektoparasit tikus yang berperan menularkan bakteri kepada manusia. Gejala klinis tidak spesifik dan diagnosis laboratorium yang sulit menyebabkan informasi mengenai rickettsiosis pada manusia masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeteksi Rickettsia spp. pada pinjal. Sampel pinjal tikus diambil dari tiga daerah pelabuhan yaitu Semarang, Kupang, dan Maumere. Sampel dianalisa menggunakan metode PCR dengan amplifikasi gen gltA (primer 877F dan 1258R). Sekuensing dilakukan untuk mengkonfirmasi spesies Rickettsia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase Rickettsia spp. pada pinjal tikus di Semarang 19%, Kupang 61%, dan Maumere 44%. Tujuh sampel dari 18 sampel yang disekuensing terkonfirmasi sebagai R.typhi dan 11 sampel sisanya merupakan Bartonella sp. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi tambahan tentang keberadaan Rickettsia di beberapa kota pelabuhan di Indonesia dan dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar surveilans rickettsiosis di Indonesia.Kata kunci: Rickettsia spp., Xenopsylla cheopis, tikus, molekuler, Indonesi
Practice of Exclusive Breast Feeding Program in 2013 at Puskesmas of Probolinggo City (A Case Study in Kedopok and Sukabumi of Health Center Services)
No full textBackground: Scientifi c research proves that babies tend to grow more healthy and intelligent with a given exclusive breastfeeding in the fi rst 6 months of life. The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding infants 0–5 months was fl uctuating. This study aimed to review the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding promotion program in Primary Health Care (PHC) of Probolinggo City. Methods: Qualitative methods with purposive techniques informant selection was applied in this case study. The study was conducted at the Sukabumi and Kedopok PHC of Probolinggo City in 2013. Results: The results showed the weak management functions of programme in PHC and the less attention of Probolinggo Government related to the limited number of health worker n cost of health promotion activities . The success of exclusive breastfeeding Health Promotion Program is not only determined by the input component , but also creativity and active efforts of health promotion strategies as practiced in Sukabumi PHC. Recommendations: Optimization of monitoring and evaluation program exclusive breastfeeding in PHC from the Municipality/District Government, and his staff; strengthening the input component; and the implementation of advocacy, ”bina suasana”, empowerment and partnerships activities
Parasit Gastrointestinal Pada Hewan Ternak Di Tempat Pemotongan Hewan Kabupaten Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah
No full textDisease in lifestock due to gastrointestinal parasites can cause economic loss and harmful for health of breeders or people who eat meat from these animals. . Slaughterhouse is an important place for monitoring parasitism in livestock, surveillance of disease in livestock and zoonoosis. Previous studies showed that some people living nearby a swine slaughterhouse were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichura. Based on those results, it is required to study about the gastrointestinal parasites in livestock which could transmit to human in Slaughterhouse in Jono Oge Village and Biromaru Slaughterhouse, Sigi regency. This study was a cross-sectional design, and fecal samples collection were carried out on 97 cattles, 33 pigs and 33 goats slaughtered at slaughterhouse of Sigi, Central Sulawesi. Samples from cattleswere examined according to sedimentation method, while those from pigs and goats were examined using Ritchie method. Single infections by Facsiola sp., Paramphistomum sp., Trichuris sp., Oesophagustomum sp., Ascaris sp., Eimeria sp., and Balantidium sp. were found in cattle and pigs. In cattle, dual infections were found which caused by Strongyloidea sp. and Paramphistomum sp., Trichuris sp. and Paramphistomum sp., Fasciola sp. and Paramphistomum sp. A mixed infection also observed in cattles which caused by Paramphistomum sp., Fasciola sp., and Trichuris sp. while Trichostrongylus sp., was found in goa
Gender Approach to the Difference in the Health Status of Women and Men, Riskesdas 2013
No full textchronic diseases. Differences in health and illness patterns of men and women are not primarily technical or medical innature, but also attributable to social factors such as powerlessness, access to resources, and constrained roles. Usingthe latest data of Riskesdas 2013, this analysis intends to use gender approach analyzing and interpreting health statusdifference between female and male to get inputs for the appropriate measures to reduce the gap between female and malemorbidity on NCD. Methods: Riskesdas 2013 data was analyzed using gender framework which stressed the importance ofsocio economic factors on health status defi ned as prevalence of chronic diseases. Results: With the exception of youngerage, women have higher prevalence of non communicable/chronic diseases. High education appears to benefi t only middleage women to achieve equal health status with men. Conclusion: Education, access to information is important factors toreduce the gap of female and male health status, however biological factor remains as primary factor. Recommendation:Since improving health status of women needs comprehensive approach, government policy should facilitate access toeducation and economic resources to women. Gender approach should be implemented for analysing health data