e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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JENIS DAN STATUS ANOPHELES SPP. SEBAGAI VEKTOR POTENSIAL MALARIA DI PULAU SUMBA PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
No full textThe new case of malaria in East Nusa Tenggara Province is the third highest in Indonesia. One of the endemic area of malaria is Sumba Island with geographic condition that is enable for Anopheles to breed. Research of Anopheles spp. in Sumba Island and the information about the vector is still limited. The aim of the research was to investigate the species and status of Anopheles spp. as a potential vector of malaria in Sumba Island. The research was conducted in 12 location in Sumba Island in 2009 and 2012). Data collected was the kind of Anopheles species and its breeding habitat. The data was analysed descriptively. Anopheles species that have been captured were 12 species, mostly between 9-10 pm and 4-5am. The mosquito larva was found in 9 Anopheles spp.’s breeding habitat. The resting behavior of Anopheles spp. exist more outside the house or around the cage (60,46%). Human biting behavior exist more outside the house (60.325). The highest Man Hour Density of Anopheles spp. (Man Hour Density/MHD) is An. Sondaicus with MHD 11,98. The highest of biting density per catching method is An. Sondaicus which bite human as a bait outside the house (MHD = 9,58). The highest Species domination (DS) is An. sondaicus with DS = 5,067. There were 12 species of Anopheles in Sumba Island, with 9 kinds of Anopheles spp.’s breeding habitat. There were 3 species that have been confirmed as malaria vector, those are An. sondaicus, An. subpictus, An. Barbirostris. While the suspect of vector were An. vagus and An. annularis which also spread in whole Sumba. It needs efforts to destroy breeding place by heaping or flowing the puddle, the using of insect repellent and wearing long clothes in doing the activity outside the house
FAKTOR — FAKTOR PENCEMARAN UDARA DALAM RUMAH YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ISPA PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA
No full textBasic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2007 is a research base on communitas, using Susenas KorSample. The data were collected all of health indicators as regards : health status, environment health,health behavior, many aspects of health service and Biomedic. The data would represent for district,province and national. The resultas as follow: prevalence of ISPA in Indonesia in the last month was 25,5%which the higher was Balita, more than 35%. This analysis used Riskesdas 2007 data. The total of Balita88.579 children, who is we get ISPA 42,18 at Balita in Indonesia. From Bivariat analysis we found theconnected Balita factors with ISPA which significants are : age, gender, and gizi status. If we look frommother factors there are three : education, work / occupation and economic status. The significantsconnected environment factors with ISPA on Balita are : materials for cooking, smoker in the house, kindof roof, kind of wall, kind of floor, outdoor pollution, and domisili. From the model, 15 factors tosuspect significants with ISPA on Balita, we found 8 factors which significants there are: age, gizi status,mother education, mother occupation, materials for cooking, smoker in the house, kind of floor, andoutdoor pollution. The best factors which significant with ISPA BALITA there are three factors : age,materials for cooking, and mother education. From the last model we found Indoor Air Pollution WhichSignificant connected with ISPA BALITA there are : kind of materials for cooking, smoker in the houseand kind of floor.Keywords: Indoor pollution, outdoor pollution, ISPA, Balit
JAMUR PADA BUAH-BUAHAN, SAVURAN, KAKI LALAT DAN LINCKUNCAN DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN SWALAVAN
No full textAbstract.Fungi is relevant problem to study, since humidity in Indonesia is about65(1/0-85% which is verysuitable for fungi to grow. The study has been identified some genuses of fungi grown on fruits and vegetables sold in traditional market and supermarket. There are 12 genuses of fungi found from fruits soldin traditional market at temperature 27°C-30°C. Those are Candida sp.,Fusarium sp.,Homodendrum sp., Curvulania sp.,Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Geotrichum, Alternaria,Penicillium, Muccor, Aureobasidium, Scopulariopsis sp., andCladosporium sp. In Fruits booths Spores of A. niger, A.gloucus and Fusarium sp werefound frequently on Musca domestica flies's feet. Meanwhile, in supermarket at 23°- 24° C has beenidentified 7 genuses of fungi. Those areCandida sp., Fusarium sp,. Apergillus sp.,Rhizopus sp.,Penicillium sp,. Curvulania sp andMucor sp. In traditional market, 10 genuses were identified from vegetables i.e. Kamir (Candida sp). Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp.,Rhizopus sp, Homodendrum sp.,Curvulania sp., Penicillium sp, Alternaria sp, Aureobasidium sp, Botrylis sp, Triechoderma sp., Mucor sp.,Scopulariopsis sp., andGeotrichumsp. They frequently found on flies's feet in vegetables booth.Furtheremore, in thesupermarket there are 5 genuses identified on vegetables i. e. Candida sp, Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., and Bonytis sp. Among those found from fruits and vegetables;Aspergillus sp.,Geotrichum sp, andFusariumsp. were problems for health Presence of Fusarium sp., andA. nigertogether could be acause of blindness
JENIS DAN STATUS ANOPHELES SPP. SEBAGAI VEKTOR POTENSIAL MALARIA DI PULAU SUMBA PROVINSI NUSATENGGARA TIMUR
No full textKasus malaria baru di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur merupakan urutan ketiga tertinggi di Indonesia., salah satu daerah yang endemis malaria adalah Pulau Sumba. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan status Anopheles spp. yang berperan sebagai vektor potensial malaria di Pulau Sumba. Penelitian dilakukan di 12 lokasi di Pulau Sumba kurun waktu 2 tahun (2009 dan 2012) antara Bulan Juli hingga November. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah spesies Anopheles dan jenis habitat perkembangbiakannya dengan melakukan penangkapan nyamuk dewasa, pencidukan jentik dan survei habitat perkembangbiakan. Analisa data dilakukan secara diskriptif. Spesies Anopheles yang tertangkap sebanyak 12 spesies dengan puncak tertangkap pada jam 21.00-22.00 dan jam 04.00-05.00. Jenis habitat perkembangbiakan Anopheles spp. yang positif ditemukan jentik adalah 9 habitat. Perilaku istirahat Anopheles spp. lebih banyak di luar rumah/sekitar kandang (60.46%), Perilaku Anopheles spp. menggigit manusia di luar rumah lebih banyak (60,32%). Kepadatan Anopheles spp. per orang per jam (Man Hour Density/MHD) tertinggi adalah An. sundaicus dengan MHD sebanyak 11,98. Kepadatan menggigit per metode penangkapan terlihat bahwa kepadatan tertinggi An. sundaicus pada umpan orang di luar rumah (MHD = 9,58). Dominasi Spesies (DS) tertinggi adalah An. sundaicus dengan DS = 5,067. Spesies Anopheles yang ada di Pulau Sumba sebanyak 12, dengan 9 jenis habitat perkembangbiakan. Anopheles spp. yang sudah dikonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria 3 spesies yaitu An. sundaicus, An. subpictus, An. barbirostris, sedangkan tersangka vektor An. vagus dan An. annularis dengan keberadaan yang menyebar di seluruh Pulau Sumba, perlu upaya untuk menghilangkan tempat perindukan dengan cara menimbun atau mengalirkan genangan air, penggunaan insect rapellant dan penggunaaan pakaian panjang saat beraktivitas di luar rumah
HUBUNGAN LAMA PERAWATAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI SETELAH PERAWATAN DI THERAPEUTIC FEEDING CENTER (TFC) PADA ANAK GIZI BURUK DI KABUPATEN BOALEMO, PROVINSI GORONTALO
No full textOne of nutritional problems in Indonesia is severe undernutrition. To overcome this problem the governnment set a target that all severe undernourished children should get optimal care to recover their nutritional status. One of the treatments for the severe undernourished children is a treatment in therapeutic feeding center (TFC). The succesfull of recovery of nutritional status in TFC was influenced by several factors, such as the lenght of care . This article presents the information about the association between lenght of care and nutritional status of children after treatment in TFC Tani-Nelayan, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province in 2008-2012. This paper use quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data was gathered from patient register (in and out)in TFC during 2008-2012 (180 respondent), while the qualitative data was obtained from in depth interview (IDI) with patient’s family and TFC officers (7 informants). The quantitative data analysis was done with univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The qualitative data analysis presented the excerpts answers from informants. Logistic regression analysis showed that children who received treatment less than 30 days have possibility or risk of 2,78 times to keep suffering from severe undernutrition compare to children who received treatment more than 30 days. The IDI results showed that factors caused premature leave of treatment in TFC on severe undernourished patients were concerns regarding caring the other children, household matters, and economic reason. Therefore, improvement of mother’s and family’s knowledge on the importance of total caring for severe undernourished children in TFC is very crucial, so that there is no mothers or families leave the TFC before the treatment of severe undernourished children perfectly executed
PENGETAHUAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU PENDERITA TB PARU DI KABUPATEN TANGERANG
No full textTuberculosis remains a public health problem in Indonesia. In 1995 the Indonesian governmenthad implemented DOTS strategy already. In the implementation, the success of this treatment experiencestill have an obstacles whick do not provide maximum results. This paper is part of the study of socialfactors that affect the compliance treatment behavior among TB patients. The data collection of this studyis using in-depth interviews to TB patients whick purposively selected through in-depth interview guide.The results showed that their knowledge is not good, so the patients still have less attitude. The treatmentseekingbehavior isquite good, while the behavior of disease transmission and prevention are prevention arestill law. The community said that they never heard had the education TB. It is means the promotive ofTB throngh health education has not maximally yet. Existence of village midwives empowerment areexpected to control activities of drug medication of patient.Keywords: KAB, pulmonary T
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS ANEMIA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS AIR DINGIN KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH, KOTA PADANG
No full textLatar Belakang : Anemia pada kehamilan saat ini masih menjadi masalah utama yang diderita oleh hampir separuh wanita hamil di seluruh negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Anemia pada kehamilan merupakan “potential danger to mother and child” (potensial membahayakan ibu dan anak). Secara umum, penyebab utama anemia kehamilan adalah kekurangan zat besi yang timbul sebagai akibat dari peningkatan penggunaan zat besi untuk janin. Tujuan : menilai faktor-faktor yang hubungan dengan status anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Air Dingin, Kecamatan Kota Tangah, Kota Padang. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini Cross sectional. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah melalui pengisian kuesioner dan sampel diambil dengan cara Simple Random Sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April– Mei tahun 2014 yang bertempat di Kecamatan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Air Dingin Koto Tangah Kota Padang. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS versi 16 data di analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan Uji Chi-Square pada tingkat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil : Sebesar 69,4 persen ibu hamil mengalami anemia. Uji chi square menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara umur kehamilan, suplementasi tablet besi, dan konsumsi (protein, lemak, vitamin c, dan zat besi) terhadap status anemia pada ibu hamil. Kesimpulan : Pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil dilakukan dengan meningkatkan konsumsi zat gizi dan peningkatan pengetahuan melalui promosi kesehatan ibu hamil mengenai anemia
HUBUNGAN KEMATANGAN REPRODUKSI DAN USIA SAAT MELAHIRKAN DENGAN KEJADIAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2010
No full textAbstractBackground: Infant Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a major factor in increased mortality, morbidity and disability neonatal infants and children. One of biological characteristics of mothers that increases the risk of low birth weight is young gynecological age (reproductive maturity). Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of reproductive maturity and maternal age at delivery with Infant LBW. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with the outcome (LBW) clearly preceded by exposure (condition during pregnancy). Sample was 1562 subjects of Riskesdas 2010 namely married with first child. Birth weight data recorded in the health record book/KMS/KIA books. Multivariate analysis done by Cox regression. Result: Overall incidence of LBW was 6.1 percent. There were 11.8 percent of LBW with immaturity reproduction and 8.4 percent in women at risk on maternal age (<20 years)). The final result of multivariate analysis showed that women with immaturity reproduction and at risk on maternal age were 2.43 times having low birth weight baby compared to those with maturity reproduction and safe age of childbirth, controlled by education, iron tablet consumption, gestational age at first visit and number of ANC visits. Conclusions: Immaturity reproduction and at risk maternal age affect the incidence of LBW in Indonesia in 2010 adjusted by education, iron tablet consumption, gestational age at first visit and the number of ANC visits. Keywords: reproductive maturity, age at delivery, low birth weight Abstrak Latar belakang: Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) termasuk faktor utama dalam peningkatan mortalitas, morbiditas dan disabilitas neonatus bayi dan anak. Salah satu karakteristik biologis ibu yang memiliki peran meningkatkan risiko BBLR adalah usia ginekologi yang muda. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kematangan reproduksi dan usia ibu saat melahirkan dengan kejadian Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR). Metode: Disain studi ini adalah cross-sectional dengan outcome (BBLR) jelas didahului oleh exposure (kondisi saat hamil). Sampel penelitian adalah 1562 sampel Riskesdas 2010 yaitu wanita pernah menikah yang memiliki anak pertama dengan data berat lahirnya dicatat dalam buku catatan kesehatan/KMS/buku KIA. Analisis multivariat dengan cox regression. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan secara keseluruhan terdapat 6,1 persen kejadian BBLR. Terdapat 11,8 persen BBLR pada ibu dengan usia reproduksi yang belum matang dan 8,4 persen pada ibu dengan usia melahirkan berisiko. Hasil akhir multivariat menunjukkan kombinasi usia reproduksi yang belum matang dan usia saat melahirkan berisiko mempunyai risiko melahirkan bayi BBLR sebesar 2,43 kali dibandingkan usia reproduksi yang matang dan usia saat melahirkan yang aman, setelah dikendalikan faktor pendidikan, konsumsi Fe, usia kandungan saat pertama kali periksa dan frekuensi ANC. Kesimpulan: Usia reproduksi yang belum matang dan usia ibu saat melahirkan yang berisiko mempengaruhi kejadian BBLR setelah dikontrol faktor pendidikan, konsumsi Fe, usia kandungan saat pertama kali periksa,dan frekuensi ANC.Kata kunci: kematangan reproduksi, usia saat melahirkan, BBL