e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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HUBUNGAN ANTARA ASUPAN KAPSUL IODIUM DAN KEJADIAN AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE (AITD)
No full textIodine is the main component in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore,adequate iodine consumption is important for thyroid hormone production. Iodineinterference with TSH system can be as the limiting factor for thyroid hormonesproduction. Magelang district knows as IDD area had program to supply intakeiodine from iodine capsule and iodinated salt. In endemic Iodine Deficiencydisorders (IDD) area, intake iodine was taken from iodine capsule and iodinatedsalt. Iodine stored at thyroglobulin. Post-translational modification of thyroglobulinby iodine has immunological consequences such that increased AutoimmuneThyroid Disease (AITD). Tiroglobulin and Thyroidperoxidase antibodies arethe main factor of production of AITD. A study was to asses the descriptionbetween iodine intake and tiroglobulin and thyroidperoxidase antibodies causedAITD. The study was conducted at Magelang district and the respondents arechildbearing age woman. Samples were collected to measured TPO antibody andThyroglobulin antibody. Magelang district is one of the IDD areas received capsuleiodine distributed to prevent new IDD cases. Most all of respondent consumediodine capsule 1-2 capsule/year. The result showed that all respondent haveTPO and Thyroglobulin antibodies. 23% respondent has positive thyroglobulinand 47% positive TPO antibody. Statistical analysis showed that Iodine capsuleintake is one of predesposition factor of AITD. The results showed that intake ofhigh concentration iodine capsule had immunological consequences. Over doseof iodine can increased incident of AITD. Thyroglobulin and TPO antibodies thatfound in all respondents with consume high concentration iodine capsule
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN GARAM BERIODIUM STANDAR TERHADAP STATUS IODIUM ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR YANG MENGONSUMSI MAKANAN SUMBER IODIUM TINGGI DI DAERAH NON ENDEMIK
No full textBackground. IDD survey results indicate the high incidence of hyperthyroidism atschoolchildren in most areas, including Semarang (42.0%). Households that consumeiodized salt with >= 30 ppm (above minimal requirement) in the region is already high(80.0%). Because people living in non-endemic coastal areas assumed to consumehigher iodine from food sources, the role of iodine in salt for causing hyperthyroidsymptoms need to be investigated. Objective. Examining the effects of iodizedsalt (SNI >=30 ppm) consumption for the adequacy of iodine in elementary schoolchildren who consume high iodine foods sources in non endemic regions coastalarea. Method. Study design was quasi experimental. The intervention materials werestandardized iodized salt (>=30 ppm KIO3). The study was conducted in SemarangCity and Magelang District for 9 months. Samples were 160 grade 4-6 elementaryschool children Research variables were urinary iodine excretion (24-hours urinesamples); consumption of iodine food sources, nutritional status, iodized salt, andnutrients intake. Results. Pretest result in group I (coastal area) showed that themedian value of urinary iodine excretion (UIE) in subject was 191 ug/day (normal).The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 10.4 and 23.4%.Pretest result in group II (non-coastal area) showed the median value of UIE insubjects was 96 ug/day (deficience). The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiencyand excess were 51.8 and 1.2 percents. After 9 months intervention, group I showedthe median value of UIE in subject was 148 ug/day (normal category). The proportionof subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 28.6 and 13 percents. In groupII, after 9 months intervention, the median value of UIE in subjects was 83 ug/day(deficience). The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 60.2and 2.4 percents. Conclusion. After 9 months standardized iodized salt (>=30 ppmKIO3) intervention, school children in the coastal area (with high iodine food sourcesconsumption), still had normal range in the median value of UIE.Keywords: food sources of iodine, iodized salt, school children, urinary iodineexcretion
Jenis-jenis Habitat Nyamuk Anopheles spp. di Kecamatan Labuan dan Kecamatan Sindue Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah
No full textIdentification and analysis of habitat differences among species of Anopheles which are a bio-ecology malaria vectors is one of the important factors in malaria control efforts. The objective of this study was know the types of the Anopheles mosquito habitat. The research design is a descriptive observational study. Larvae has been collected from all of potential breeding habitat for Anopheles. The result showed that Anopheles habitat were found in the rice field, irrigation chanal, type track, puddles's on the banks of rivers, swamps and unused fish pool. There were 5 species Anopheles identified, such as An. vagus, An. barbirostris, An. tessellatus, An. nigerrimus, and An. kochi. The highest larvae density in each village were as follow 14 larvaes/dipper in Toposo village found tired tread, 4 larvaes/dipper in Labuan village found in paddy field, 26 larvaes/dipper in Tamarenja village found in the pond, and 4 larvaes/dipper in Sikara village found in the puddles by the river. Several vegetation often found in almost of the areas were Pasphalum sp., Salvinia natans, and Ipomoea aquatica. Water conditionin in the habitatwere temperature ranging from 26-27°C, pH 6-7 and salinity 0 permil. Almost all breeding places was found positive for Anopheles spp larvae. Therefore environment manipulation and modification are needed to decrease the breeding places by increasing the land use
Bionomik Schistosoma japonicum pada Mencit (Mus musculus) di Laboratorium
No full textSchistosomiasis is still a public health problem in endemic areas. Schistosomiasis in Indonesia was distributed in Napu, Lindu, and Bada Highlands. Schistosomiasis control was complex because so many aspect were related with schistosoma life cycle. The aim of this experiment was to support the study about schistosoma life cycle and also to provide antigen collection to develop a sero diagnostic kit for schistosomiasis. This experiment was conducted in laboratory using Mus musculus. The animal were infected with serkaria of S. ja[onicum for 3 months and their feces were examined by microscop to detect S. japonicum eggs. All of the experimental animal which infected were positive S. japonicum. 27 pairs of S. japonicum were found in hepatic tissues of the infected animal and formed granuloma in hepatic tissues. Schistosoma japonicum can developed in Mus musculus although it's size became smaller
Konfirmasi Anopheles sinensis dan Anopheles vagus sebagai Vektor Malaria di Kabupaten Muara Enim Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
No full textAbstract. Muara Enim Regency is one of endemic malaria area in South Sumatera Province. The number of malaria clinical cases in 2015 is 9.382 cases with positive confirmed by microscopy is 143 cases (Annual parasite incidence = 0,26%o). There were no information or publication confirmed the vector of malaria in this regency. The aims of this study was to confirm species of Anopheles as malaria vector and its biting behavior in Muara Enim Regency. The study carried out two activity that were mosquito collection (indoor and outdoor) starts from 18.00 hours until 06.00 in the morning, and survey of the breeding habitat of pre-adult mosquito. The total of Anopheles mosquitoes collected were 1.443 and 200 mosquitoes were prepared for sporozoit identification by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method. Two species of Anopheles (of four mosquitoes), Anopheles sinensis and An. vagus, were confirmed sporozoit positive. Anopheles sinensis tends to bite outdoors while An. vagus prefer indoors. Both species actively biting at 9 p.m. until 4 a.m.Keywords: Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles vagus, Malaria Vector, Muara Enim RegencyAbstrak. Kabupaten Muara Enim merupakan kabupaten endemis malaria di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Angka kasus malaria klinis pada tahun 2015 berjumlah 9.382 penderita dan kasus malaria positif berjumlah 143 penderita (API=0,26 %o). Sampai saat ini belum diketahui spesies nyamuk Anopheles yang menjadi vektor malaria di Kabupaten Muara Enim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui spesies nyamuk Anopheles yang menjadi vektor malaria di Kabupaten Muara Enim dan bagaimana perilaku menggigitnya. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah survei entomologi dengan melakukan penangkapan nyamuk dewasa dari jam 18.00-06.00 WIB dan survei tempat perkembangbiakan nyamuk di lokasi penelitian. Sebanyak 1.443 ekor nyamuk Anopheles spp. berhasil dikoleksi, dan 200 ekor diantaranya diperiksa dengan metode ELISA untuk mengetahui adanya sporozoit. Empat ekor dikonfirmasi mengandung sporozoit yaitu spesies An. sinensis dan An. vagus. Anopheles sinensis lebih suka menggigit di luar rumah sedangkan An. vagus lebih suka menggigit di dalam rumah. Keduanya aktif menggigit pada jam 21.00-04.00 WIB.Kata Kunci: Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles vagus, Vektor malaria, Kabupaten Muara Eni
Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti Larvae against Temephos in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Endemic Area Tasikmalaya City
No full textAbstrak. Salah satu upaya pengendalian vektor nyamuk Aedes aegypti adalah menggunakan larvasida sintetis seperti temefos. Pemanfaatan temefos secara terus‐menerus dan berulang meningkatkan risiko resistensi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan kerentanan larva Ae. aegypti terhadap temefos pada daerah endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan acak kelompok. Populasi adalah larva Ae. aegypti yang berada pada rumah tinggal di Kota Tasikmalaya. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 700 larva nyamuk Ae. aegypti yang diperoleh dari rumah tinggal di daerah endemis DBD dan telah dibiakkan hingga keturunan ketiga (F3). Kerentanan temefos diuji dengan metode Elliot dan Polson menggunakan konsentrasi diagnostik WHO sebesar 0,02 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LC95 temefos adalah 0,00926 ppm di Kelurahan Sukamanah, 0,01015 ppm di Kelurahan Cikalang, 0,01137 ppm di Kelurahan Kersanagara, dan 0,02045 ppm di Kelurahan Tugujaya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa larva Ae. aegypti dari Tugujaya terindikasi resisten terhadap temefos.Kata Kunci: Resistensi, Aedes aegypti, temefos, kerentanan.Abstract. One of the effort for controlling Aedes aegypti as dengue vector is by using synthetic larvicide such as temephos. Continuous and repeating utilization of temephos may increase the risk of resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae against temephos in endemic areas of dengue fever in Tasikmalaya. This was a true experimental study with a blockrandomized design. The populations were Ae. aegypti larvae, which existed at household in Tasikmalaya City. There were 700 larvae of Ae. aegypti, which taken from households in each Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever endemic area, and have been bred to third generation (F3). Susceptibility of temephos was testedby Elliot and Polson methods using WHO diagnostic dose 0.02 ppm. Results showed that the LC95 of temephos were 0.00926 ppm in Village of Sukamanah, 0.01015 ppm in Village of Cikalang, 0.01137 ppm in Village of Kersanagara, and 0.02045 ppm in Village of Tugujaya. This research concludes that Ae. aegypti larvae from Tugujaya were indicated resistant to temephos.Keywords: Resistance, Aedes aegypti, temephos, susceptibility