e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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Determinan Pengeluaran Kesehatan Katastropik Rumah Tangga Indonesia Pada Tahun Pertama Implementasi Program JKN
Get PDFAbstractHealth spending can lead to decrease the ability of the household financial. Nearly 2.3 million people (1%) each year fall to be poor as a impact of catastrophic health spending of high-cost diseases that are life-threatening complications. The aim of the research is to analyze the determinants of catastrophic health spending of Indonesian households in the first year of implementation of the National Health Insurance program (JKN). This study design is cross sectional using secondary data is data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014. The methods of analysis used are econometric approach with logit model and instrumental variables probit model. The results of the study significantly shows that households with catastrophic health spending incidence is around 5.38% in the first year of implementing JKN Program. While the determinants that influence catastrophic health spending include level of education, place of residence in the city, health status and economic status. This study recommends to the government to improve and develop the health program that promotes healthy lifestyles and expand the coverage of JKN program to protect the Indonesian households from catastrophic helath spending.Kata Kunci: JKN, Pengeluaran Katastropik, Data IFLS, IV Probit AbstrakPengeluaran kesehatan dapat memicu ancaman penurunan kemampuan keuangan rumah tangga. Hampir 2.3 juta individu (1%) tiap tahunnya jatuh ke dalam kemiskinan sebagai dampak dari biaya kesehatan katastropik. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis biaya kesehatan katastropik rumah tangga Indonesia setelah implementasi program JKN. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan menggunakan data sekunder yaitu data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2014. Metode analisis menggunakan pendekatan ekonometri analisis model logit dan model regresi instrumental variable probit. Hasil penelitian secara signifikan menunjukkan bahwa di era program JKN, rumah tangga yang mengalami kejadian belanja kesehatan katastropik sebesar 5,38% . Sementara determinan yang mempengaruhi belanja kesehatan katastropik mencakup tingkat pendidikan, tempat tinggal di kota, status kesehatan dan status ekonomi. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada pemerintah untuk membangun dan meningkatkan program kesehatan yang mengacu pada pola hidup sehat dan memperluas cakupan kepesertaan JKN untuk melindungi rumah tangga dari pengeluaran katastropik.Keywords : JKN, Cathastrophic Spending, IV Probit, IFLS Dat
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Calon Pengantin Melalui Konseling ASI Eksklusif di Aceh Besar
No full textAbstractThe global movement of nutrition improvement is anoverall effort to strengthen the commitment and action plan to accelerate the improvement of nutrition, especiallyin the first 1,000 days of life, including exclusive breastfeeding. One of the intervention is through nutritional counseling approach about exclusive breastfeeding to prevent stunting problems. To improve the nutrition and health, counseling for a future bride needs special attention. The aim of the study was to increase knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding of future brides through counseling. This quasi-experimental study analyzing a total sample of 30 future brides through non-random assignment. Data of knowledge variables obtained through interview using questionnaire with scale ratio, whereas counseling method was conducted face to face with a leaflet tool. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank test. The results showed that exclusive breastfeeding counseling could improve the future brides’ knowledge (p=0.000) with the mean difference of 6.13 and a deviation of 3.71. The conclusion is that the improvement of future brides’ knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding can be done through counseling using media leaflets. The study suggests that every health center can cooperate with Religious Affairs Office to conduct exclusively breastfeeding counseling routinely and become one of programto preventchild stunting.Key words: future brides, counseling, knowledge about exclusive breastfeedingAbstrakGerakan global peningkatan gizi merupakan suatu upaya secara keseluruhan untuk memperkuat komitmen dan rencana aksi percepatan perbaikan gizi, khususnya penanganan gizi sejak 1.000 HPK termasuk di dalamnya pemberian ASI eksklusif dan ASI saja sampai usia 24 bulan. Salah satu intervensinya yaitu melalui pendekatan konseling gizi tentang ASI eksklusif agar balita bebas masalah stunting. Konseling tersebut mempunyai sasarannya adalah calon pengantin yang perlu perhatian khusus dalam meningkatkan gizi dan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusif pada calon pengantin melalui konseling. Penelitian quasi-eksperimen ini menggunakan sampel 30 orang calon pengantin melalui non-random assignment. Data variabel pengetahuan diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala ratio, sedangkan variable metode konseling dilakukan secara tatap muka dengan alat bantu leaflet. Data dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon-rank test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konseling ASI eksklusif dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan calon pengantin (p=0,000) dengan selisih rerata 6,13 serta deviasi 3,71. Kesimpulan bahwa peningkatan pengetahuan calon pengantin tentang ASI eksklusif dapat dilakukan melalui konseling menggunakan media leaflet. Saran, setiap puskesmas bekerja sama dengan KUA untuk menyelenggarakan konseling ASI eksklusif secara rutin dan menjadi salah satu prioritas program dalam rangka penanggulangan anak stunting.Kata kunci: calon pengantin, konseling, pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusi
Penggunaan Kontrasepsi pada Remaja Perempuan Kawin di Indonesia (Analisis Riskesdas 2013)
No full textAbstractAdolescent pregnancy has been highlighted in various parts of the world including access to contraceptive use among married teenagers. This is an advanced analysis of secondary data of Riskesdas 2013 that aims to identify contraceptive use among married adolescents in Indonesia. The data used in multilevel logistic regression analysis consist of demographic characteristics of adolescents, parity, availability of health services and the use of health insurance.. The results showed that 54.2% of married adolescents women or their partners used any method of contraception. Age, education level, socioeconomic status and the use of health insurance have significant relationships to contraceptive use after adjusted by the type of residence, parity and availability of health services. Adolescent aged above 17 years (OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.79) and had higher socio-economic status (OR kuintil 5=1.62, 95% CI 1,19- 2.22) were more likely to use contraception, while young women with higher school education (OR= 0.73; 95% CI .58-.91) as well as used health insurance (OR=0.72; 95 % CI 0.60 to 0.86) had smaller probability in contraceptive use. Fulfillment of adolescent access to contraception is expected to focus not only on increasing of knowledge but also purchasing power, which is through the utilisation of health insurance.Key words: contraception, married adolescents, RiskesdasAbstrakKehamilan remaja telah menjadi sorotan di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk akses terhadap penggunaan kontrasepsi pada remaja kawin. Studi ini merupakan analisis lanjut Riskesdas 2013 untuk mengetahui penggunaan kontrasepsi pada remaja kawin di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam analisis regresi logistik multi level terdiri atas karakteristik demografi remaja, paritas, ketersediaan pelayanan kesehatan serta penggunaan jaminan kesehatan. Subjek adalah seluruh remaja perempuan berusia 15-19 tahun yang berstatus kawin dan aktif secara seksual. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 54,2% remaja perempuanberstatus kawin maupun pasangannya menggunakan kontrasepsi. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, umur, tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi dan penggunaan jaminan kesehatan memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap penggunaan kontrasepsi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel wilayah tempat tinggal, paritas dan ketersediaan pelayanan kesehatan. Remaja perempuan dengan umur di atas 17 tahun (OR=1,49, 95% CI 1,25-1,79) serta memiliki status sosio-ekonomi yang semakin tinggi (ORkuintil 5=1,62, 95% CI 1,19-2,22) berpeluang lebih besar untuk menggunakan kontrasepsi, sedangkan remaja perempuan dengan pendidikan SMA ke atas (OR=0,73; 95% CI 0,58-0,91) serta yang menggunakan jaminan kesehatan (OR=0,72; 95% CI 0,60-0,86) justru memiliki probabilitas lebih kecil untuk memakai alat/cara Keluarga Berencana (KB). Pemenuhan akses remaja terhadap kontrasepsi diharapkan tidak hanya berfokus pada peningkatan pengetahuan remaja melainkan juga peningkatan daya beli, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan jaminan kesehatan.Kata kunci: kontrasepsi, remaja kawin, Riskesda
Uji Klinik Fase II Ramuan Jamu sebagai Pelindung Fungsi Hati
No full textAbstractThe human liver is susceptible to interference due to its complex function. The development ofhepatoprotective from jamu formula is still needed as to produce more effective, cheaper andsafer hepatoprotective. The result of previous study showed that the hepatoprotective from jamuformula was safe and efficacious. This phase 2 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy andsafety of hepatoprotective from jamu formula which consists of Curcuma longa rhizomes, Curcumaxanthorrhiza rhizomes, and Taraxacum officinale leaves. The design was open label randomizedclinical trial with silimarin as a comparison for 42 days intervention. Two hundreds of humansubjects participated in this study. The trial held in 2015 and involved 50 physician members ofSaintifikasi Jamu Network at several regencies in Indonesia. The parameters for assessing efficacywere SGPT, SGOT and as for safety were routine blood, urea, and creatinine. Clinical symptoms andpossible side effects were also observed. The results showed that the jamu formula can reduce theaverage value of SGPT and SGOT equal to silimarin. Jamu formula can relieve clinical symptomsarising from liver function disruption, and it is safe, it does not alter kidney function, hemoglobin,leukocyte count and platelet count in its use for 42 days.Keywords: hepatoprotective, Saintifikasi Jamu, Curcuma longa, Curcuma AbstrakHati mudah mengalami gangguan disebabkan fungsinya yang kompleks. Saat ini masih diperlukanpengembangan ramuan jamu untuk melindungi dan memperbaiki sel-sel hati (hepatoprotektor) yanglebih efektif, murah dan aman. Hasil penelitian observasi klinik terdahulu menunjukkan bahwaformula jamu untuk hepatoprotektor aman dan berkhasiat sehingga dilanjutkan dengan uji klinik fase2. Tujuan uji ini untuk menilai khasiat dan keamanan ramuan jamu sebagai hepatoprotektor dengankomposisi rimpang temulawak, rimpang kunyit, dan daun jombang. Rancangan uji adalah open labelrandomised clinical trial dengan pembanding silymarin dan lama perlakuan 42 hari. Jumlah sampel200 subjek manusia. Uji ini melibatkan 50 dokter jejaring saintifikasi jamu di beberapa wilayah diIndonesia pada tahun 2015. Parameter untuk menilai khasiat adalah SGPT, SGOT dan untuk menilaikeamanan adalah darah rutin, ureum, kreatinin. Gejala klinis dan kemungkinan efek samping jugadiamati. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ramuan jamu uji mampu menurunkan rerata nilai SGPT danSGOT sebanding dengan silymarin. Ramuan jamu uji dapat meredakan gejala klinik yang timbulakibat gangguan fungsi hati, aman, tidak mengubah fungsi ginjal, hemoglobin, angka leukositmaupun angka trombosit pada penggunaan selama 42 hariKata kunci : hepatoprotektor, Saintifikasi Jamu, kunyit, temulawak, jomban
Penambahan Ciprofloksacin Intravena terhadap Ceftriakson sebagai Terapi Antibiotik Empiris pada Pasien Pneumonia Rawat Inap: Perbandingan Biaya dan Efektivitas
No full textAbstractIn clinical practices the aim of adding antibiotics treatment was to improve the outcomes. The objectiveof this study was to assess whether adding intravenous ciprofloxacin could bear more benefit despitethe cost of treatment than that of intravenous ceftriaxone for hospitalized pneumonia. This retrospectivestudy devided patients with pneumonia into two groups; first, patients received intravenous ceftriaxonetherapy only (CTX group), second, patients received combination of intravenous ceftriaxone plusciprofloxacin (CTXCP group). There were 171 patients recruited, 106 patients received CTX treatmentand 65 patients received CTXCP. The data were matched between groups by age, gender, level of paymentand comorbidities. The total cost of treating hospitalized pneumonia with CTXCP was higher than CTX(p=0,000). Meanwhile, the length of stay (LOS) and length of stay antbiotic related (LOSAR) were shorterin CTX group than CTXCP (11,32 vs 13,15 days, p=0,14 and 9,26 vs 12,09 days, p=0,000). Moreover, thesuccess rate and first line clinal failure avoided (CFA) in CTX group were better than CTXCP (81,13% vs66,15%, p=0,027 and 71,79% vs 44,62%, p=0,000). This research concluded that adding ciprofloxacinintravenous as empiric treatment of hospitalized pneumonia did not improve outcomes but significantlyincreased the cost of treatment.Keywords: pneumonia, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cost, effectiveness AbstrakSalah satu tujuan penambahan terapi antibiotik dalam praktek klinis adalah untuk meningkatkan hasilterapi. Namun hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan biaya perawatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui apakah penambahan terapi antibiotik ciprofloksacin akan meningkatkan efektifitasmeskipun menambah biaya dibandingkan dengan monoterapi ceftriakson pada pasien pneumonia rawatinap. Penelitian ini mengambil data pasien pneumonia secara retrospektif dan membaginya menjadi duakelompok; pertama, kelompok monoterapi ceftriakson (CTX); kedua, kelompok kombinasi ciprofloksacindan ceftriakson (CTXCP). Sejumlah 171 pasien pneumonia yang memenuhi kriteria, 106 pasien masukkelompok CTX dan 65 pasien masuk dalam kelompok CTXCP. Kedua kelompok memiliki karakteristikyang sama dari segi jenis kelamin, usia, jenis pembayaran, dan penyakit komorbiditas. Hasil analisismenunjukkan total biaya perawatan pada kelompok CTXCP lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok CTX (Rp.12.120.000 vs Rp. 9.020.000, p=0,000). Perbandingan efektifitas menunjukkan lama rawat inap (lengthof stay,LOS) dan lama pemberian antibiotik saat rawat inap (length of stay antibiotic related,LOSAR)kelompok CTX lebih pendek dibandingkan CTXCP (11,32 vs 13,15 hari, p=0,14 and 9,26 vs 12,09hari, p=0,000). Selain itu, tingkat keberhasilan terapi dan kegagalan antibiotik pertama (first line clinicalfailure avoided,CFA) juga lebih bagus pada kelompok CTX (81,13% vs 66,15%, p=0,027 dan 71,79%vs 44,62%, p=0,000). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan terapi ciprofloksacin sebagai terapi empiris pada pasien pneumonia rawat inap membutuhkan biaya yang lebih tingginamun menghasilkan efektifitas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan monoterapi ceftriakson.Kata kunci: pneumonia, ceftriakson, ciprofloksacin, biaya, efektivita
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipertensi pada Penduduk Indonesia yang Menderita Diabetes Melitus (Data Riskesdas 2013)
No full textAbstractPrevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension is increasing worldwide due to lifestyle changes. Both of them increase the risk of cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study aimed to assess the association of several factors with hypertension among DM people based on Basic Health Research 2013 data. DM respondents was selected based on having been diagnosed as DM by medical doctors or was taking DM medication, or blood glucose examination confirmed DM according to Perkeni consensus 2011. Hypertension was defined based on having diagnosed by health providers or was taking antihypertension medication or blood pressure examination showing systolic pressure of ≥140 mmHg, and/or diastolic pressure of ≥90 mmHg. There were 5253 respondents with DM, consisted of 1966 males (37.4%), and 3287 females (62.6%). The proportion of hypertension was 51.8% (95%CI: 49.4-54.2), 45.8% males, and 55.4% females with p≥0.05. The risk of hypertension increased among respondents aged 45 years and over by 2.63 times, mental emotional disorders (2.19 times), central obesity (1.75 times), hypercholesterolemia (1.68 times), general obesity (1.57 times), unemployed (1.39 times), low education (1.30 times) with p<0.05. Several of those factors were preventable and controllable. Hence, health promotion and disease prevention should be encouraged.Key word: diabetes, hypertension, risk factor, basic health research 2013AbstrakPrevalensi Diabetes Melitus (DM) dan hipertensi terus meningkat di dunia karena perubahan gaya hidup. Keduanya meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovakuler dan penyakit ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi pada penduduk DM di Indonesia berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2013. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional. Responden telah didiagnosis DM oleh dokter atau sedang minum obat DM dari hasil wawancara atau kadar glukosa darah memenuhi kriteria DM menurut konsensus Perkeni 2011. Responden dinyatakan hipertensi bila pernah didiagnosis oleh tenaga kesehatan atau sedang minum obat anti hipertensi dari hasil wawancara atau pengukuran tekanan darah rata-rata sistolik ≥140 mmHg, dan atau diastolik ≥90 mmHg. Jumlah penduduk DM sebanyak 5253 orang yang terdiri atas 1966 orang (37,4%) laki laki dan 3287 orang (62,6%) perempuan. Proporsi hipertensi sebesar 51,8% (95%CI: 49,4-54,2), laki laki (45,8%), perempuan (55,4%) dengan p≥0,05. Risiko hipertensi meningkat pada kelompok umur ≥ 45 tahun sebesar 2,63 kali, gangguan mental emosional 2,19 kali, obesitas sentral 1,75 kali, kolesterol total 1,68 kali, obesitas umum 1,57 kali, tidak bekerja 1,39 kali, pendidikan rendah 1,30 kali dengan p <0,05. Beberapa faktor tersebut dapat dikendalikan dan dikontrol. Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian perlu digiatkan.Kata kunci: diabetes, hipertensi, faktor risiko, Riskesdas 201
Deteksi Toxoplasma gondii dari Spesimen Urine Penderita HIV/AIDS
No full textToxoplasma gondii can cause toxoplasmosis disease in humans. Indonesia as a tropical country is very suitable for the development of this parasite. The disease acute and chronic, with mild symptoms are not specific so difficult to distinguish from other diseases or often without symptoms. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) incidence is the highest in Asia with high morbidity and mortality. Toxoplasma ranks the top 10 opportunistic diseases as a direct cause of morbidity and mortality, with varying symptoms and reactivation. Generally the sample is taken with an invasive action, so the selection of urine samples can be an alternative that is non invasive. The aim of the study to detect T. gondii from urine sample of HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patient with research design is cross section. The sample was examined at the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medical University of Indonesia (LMK FKUI) Cikini Jakarta Indonesia. By using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR), it was found that there were 30 samples, 7 samples (23.3%) positive of T. gondii, and there was no significant relationship between sex, age, CD4 count, antiretroviral treatment, cotrimoxazole history, and associate disease.AbstrakToxoplasma gondii dapat menyebabkan penyakit toksoplasmosis pada manusia. Indonesia sebagai negara beriklim tropis sangat sesuai untuk perkembangan parasit ini. Penyakit bersifat akut dan kronik, dengan gejala ringan bersifat tidak spesifik sehingga sulit dibedakan dengan penyakit lain atau sering tanpa gejala. Insiden Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) menduduki tempat tertinggi di Asia dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Toksoplasma menduduki peringkat 10 besar penyakit oportunistik sebagai penyebab langsung morbiditas dan mortalitas, dengan gejala yang bervariasi dan reaktivasi. Umumnya sampel diambil dengan tindakan invasif, sehingga pemilihan sampel urine dapat menjadi alternatif yang bersifat non invasif. Tujuan penelitian mendeteksi Toksoplasma gondii dari sampel urine pasien HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) dengan desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Sampel diperiksa di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (LMK FKUI) Cikini Jakarta Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) didapatkan hasil dari 30 sampel, sebesar 7 sampel (23,3%) positif T. gondii, selain itu juga tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna diantara jenis kelamin, umur, lama sakit, hitung CD4, pengobatan antiretroviral, riwayat kotrimoksazol, dan peyakit penyerta
Flight hours within 7 days and risk of fatigue on the civilian pilots in Indonesia
No full textBackground: In aviation world, fatigue may cause incapacitation among pilot which can lead to aircraft accidents. Flight hours is believed to be one of the factors related to the risk of fatigue. The purpose of this study is to identify relationship between flight hours in seven day and other factors to the risk of fatigue among civilian pilot in Indonesia.Methods: A cross sectional study with consecutive sampling was conducted among civilian pilots who attended medical check-up at Aviation Medical Center in Jakarta on June 2016. Demographic characteristics, employment related factors, habits and flight hours were obtained through questionnaire and interviews. Fatigue data were obtained through fatigue self-questionnaire form and measured with Fatigue Severity Scale which had been validated. Fatigue was categorized into non-fatigue (FSS score <36) and fatigue (FSS score ≥36). Relative risk was computed using Cox regression with a constant time.Results: This study included 542 pilots among which 50.2% had fatigue. The subjects who have flight hours >30 hours/week compared to ≤30 hours/week, had 1.37-fold higher risk of fatigue [adjusted relative risk [RRa=1.37; CI=1.14-1.65; p=0.001]. The subject with ATPL license compared to CPL license had 1.28-fold higher risk of fatigue [RRa=1.31; CI=1.11-1.54; p=0.001). Furthermore, subjects who have appropriate exercise had 32% lower risk of fatigue (RRa=0.68; CI= 0.39-1.19; p=0.094).Conclusions: Civilian pilots in Indonesia who had more than 30 hours flight time in 7 days and ATPL type pilots have an increased risk of fatigue. Appropriate exercise decreased the risk of fatigue.Keywords: fatigue, flight hours. civilian pilots. Indonesi
Characteristics and Socioeconomic Factors on Perinatal Depression among Mothers and Infants in Three Primary Health Centers in Jakarta and Bogor
No full textLatar belakang: Masa kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan waktu yang sangat penting bagi wanita. Pada masa tersebut wanita lebih mudah mengalami gangguan emosional seperti depresi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan proporsi depresi perinatal, karakteristik dan determinan sosial ekonomi pada ibu baru melahirkan. Metode: Rancangan penelitian potong lintang, dilaksanakan bulan Juli-Agustus 2016. Populasinya adalah ibu yang baru melahirkan. Subjek sebanyak 347 orang yang tinggal di wilayah Puskesmas Tebet Jakarta, Puskesmas Merdeka dan Sindangbarang di Kota Bogor. Kriteria inklusi berumur ≥ 18 tahun, melahirkan bayi dalam periode 4-16 minggu sebelum interview. Kriteria eksklusi apabila ibu belum pernah melahirkan dan tidak tinggal di wilayah tersebut. Wawancara terstruktur dilakukan oleh enumerator yang dilakukan di rumah responden. Depresi dinilai dengan kuesioner Edinburgh postnatal depression (EPDS). Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat dan uji beda rerata dan proporsi 2 dan lebih 2 variabel bebas. Software yang digunakan STATA versi 10. Hasil: Secara umum proporsi depresi perinatal 15,3%, dengan rincian: proporsi di wilayah Puskesmas Merdeka 23,6%, Puskesmas Tebet 16,4%, sedangkan di wilayah Puskesmas Sindangbarang 6,1%, (p=0,002). Perbedaan karakteristik ibu dan bayi antara lain pendidikan (p=0,001), pekerjaan suami (p=0,001), status perkawinan (p=0,001), tingkat ekonomi (p=0,001) dan panjang bayi (p=0,0122) Kesimpulan: Proporsi dan karakteristik berbeda diantara 3 wilayah. Proporsi terendah di Sindangbarang dengan karakteristik pendidikan rendah, suami bekerja tidak tetap, tingkat ekonomi rendah dan panjang bayi yang lebih pendek. Kata kunci: depresi perinatal, EPDS, karakteristik. Abstract Background: The period of pregnancy and childbirth is a very important time for women. During that time, women are more likely to experience emotional disorders such as depression. The objective of this study was to obtain the proportion of perinatal depression (PND), characteristics and socioeconomic determinants of mothers who had just delivered and their babies. Method: The study design was cross sectional which was conducted in July – August 2016. The subjects were 347 mothers living in territory of Primary Health Center (PHC) of Tebet, Jakarta; and PHC of Merdeka and Sindangbarang in Bogor. The inclusion criteria were mother aged ≥ 18 years, after labour within 4-16 weeks before the interview. The exclusion criteria were had not ever delivered baby and not living in the study areas. The depression was assessed with an Edinburgh postnatal depression (EPDS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis and mean difference test for two or more variables using STATA version 10. Results: In general, the proportion of PND was 15.3%, in which this proportion comprised of 23.6% in PHC of Merdeka, 16.4% in PHC of Tebet, and 6.1% in PHC of Sindangbarang, (p=0.002). Differences in maternal and infant characteristics include education (p=0.001), husband occupation (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.001), economic level (p=0.001) and infants length (p=0.0122). Conclusion: The proportion and characteristics differs in the three areas. The lowest proportion was in Sindangbarang with low education, informal husband occupation , low socioeconomic and shorter infants length characteristics. Keywords: perinatal depression, EPDS, characteristics
COMMUNITY EFFORTS ON DENGUE PREVENTION IN SUKABUMI CITY, WEST JAVA PROVINCE
No full textABSTRAK Meningkatnya insiden DBD di semua kelompok usia dan jenis kelamin memiliki dampak besar bagi pembangunan karena secara langsung menurunkan produktivitas. Tingginya insiden DBD ini dimungkinkan karena pencegahan kontak yang rendah dan kurangnya kontrol terhadap Aedes sp. Situasi ini berkontribusi terhadap keberlangsungan hidup vektor. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menemukan lokasi potensial yang menjadi tempat penularan dan menggambarkan upaya masyarakat dalam pengendalian vektor DBD di Kota Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat pada tahun 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang yang diawali dengan penemuan kasus DBD dengan penapisan menggunakan uji cepat Non Structural Protein One (NS1) yang mampu mengidentifikasi keberadaan virus dengue pada hari pertama demam. Selanjutnya dari penderita dikumpulkan informasi dugaan lokasi transmisi, dilanjutkan pemeriksaan keberadaan vektor dan upaya pengendalian vektor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kontak langsung dengan fasilitas kesehatan bagi pasien demam berdarah telah dilakukan dengan baik tapi di sisi lain Aedes sp masih banyak ditemukan di tempat-tempat perumahan dan publik tanpa adanya pencegahan kontak dan pengendalian vektor. Sebuah pendekatan yang memadai dianjurkan dalam bentuk mobilisasi masyarakat untuk mengontrol kehadiran Aedes sp di lingkungan secara berkelanjutan dengan didukung oleh peraturan daerah. Perlu peraturan untuk pencegahan Aedes sp dan pemantauan rutin sebagai upaya pengendalian DBD. Kata kunci: Dengue, pengendalian, pemberdayaan masyarakat, Sukabumi ABSTRACT The increasing incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in all age groups and sexes had a huge impact to community development because it reducesproductivity. The high incidence of DHF was possible because of inadequate prevention and control ofAedessp. These situations contributed to the sustainable existence of a vector. This research aimed to identify locationsas potential places for DHF tranmissionand to explain how community efforts in vector control had been done in Sukabumi city, West Java Province in 2012. This reserach used a cross-sectional method. DHF suspect cases in hospital were examined using Non Structural Protein One (NS1) to determined positive cases and followed by collecting informationon transmission location, vector availability and community prevention effort were obtained from the person who had positive NS1. Result of this research showed that immediate contact with healthcare facilities for dengue patients has been done well but on the other hand,Aedesspwas still commonly found in residential and public places with minimal/without contact prevention and vector control. The study reAn adequate approach is recommended in the form of mobilizing communities to prevent the presence of Aedesspin the environment in ongoing basis with support from local goverment. Stronger regulation will be needed in order to prevent Aedessp through routine monitoring and law enforcement. Keywords: Dengue, control, community effort, Sukabum