e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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KONSUMSI MAKANAN TINGGI KALORI DAN LEMAK TETAPI RENDAH SERAT DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK KAITANNYA DENGAN KEGEMUKAN PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 18 TAHUN DI INDONESIA
No full textABSTRACTChanges in eating patterns in teenagers who consumed practical food and ready-to-eat diet increased the prevalence of obesity. Lack of activity can affect the occurrence of obesity. Obesity in early childhood promote obesity in adulthood and it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the consumption of foods which have high calories and fat but low fibers and physical activities and its relationship to obesity in children aged 5-18 years. The study used data basic health research in 2013 and Individual Food Consumption Survey, 2014. The data were analyzed by univarite and bivariate using Chi Square and Spearman correlation test. The results showed that there was a relationship between obesity with sex, economic status, residence, family head work, and maternal education level. Consumption of foods associated with obesity is the consumption of fat (p=0,017). Meanwhile, there is no relationship between consumption of energy (p=0,457), fiber (p=0,431), and physical activities (p=0,078) with obesity. The conclusion of this study is the incidence of obesity in school children aged 5-18 years associated with fat consumption. The largest group of energy and fiber food contributors is the cereal group. The largest group of fatty food group is fat and processed group. ABSTRAK Perubahan pola makan pada remaja yang cenderung mengonsumsi makanan praktis dan siap saji mengakibatkan peningkatan prevalensi kegemukan. Kurangnya aktivitas dapat bepengaruh pada terjadinya kegemukan. Kegemukan pada usia dini berpeluang untuk mengalami obesitas pula pada saat dewasa dan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor konsumsi makanan tinggi kalori dan lemak tetapi rendah serat, serta aktivitas fisik kaitannya dengan kegemukan pada anak usia 5-18 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2013 dan SKMI 2014. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara kegemukan dengan jenis kelamin, status ekonomi, tempat tinggal, pekerjaan kepala keluarga, dan tingkat pendidikan ibu. Konsumsi makanan yang berhubungan dengan kegemukan adalah konsumsi lemak (p=0,017). Tidak ada hubungan yang nyata antara konsumsi energi (p=0,457) dan serat (p=0,431), serta aktivitas fisik (p=0,078) dengan kegemukan. Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian kegemukan pada anak sekolah umur 5-18 tahun berhubungan dengan konsumsi lemak. Kelompok makanan penyumbang energi dan serat tertinggi adalah kelompok serealia, kelompok makanan penyumbang lemak tertinggi adalah kelompok lemak dan olahan.ABSTRACTChanges in eating patterns in teenagers who consumed practical food and ready-to-eat diet increased the prevalence of obesity. Lack of activity can affect the occurrence of obesity. Obesity in early childhood promote obesity in adulthood and it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the consumption of foods which have high calories and fat but low fibers and physical activities and its relationship to obesity in children aged 5-18 years. The study used data basic health research in 2013 and Individual Food Consumption Survey, 2014. The data were analyzed by univarite and bivariate using Chi Square and Spearman correlation test. The results showed that there was a relationship between obesity with sex, economic status, residence, family head work, and maternal education level. Consumption of foods associated with obesity is the consumption of fat (p=0,017). Meanwhile, there is no relationship between consumption of energy (p=0,457), fiber (p=0,431), and physical activities (p=0,078) with obesity. The conclusion of this study is the incidence of obesity in school children aged 5-18 years associated with fat consumption. The largest group of energy and fiber food contributors is the cereal group. The largest group of fatty food group is fat and processed group. ABSTRAKPerubahan pola makan pada remaja yang cenderung mengonsumsi makanan praktis dan siap saji mengakibatkan peningkatan prevalensi kegemukan. Kurangnya aktivitas dapat bepengaruh pada terjadinya kegemukan. Kegemukan pada usia dini berpeluang untuk mengalami obesitas pula pada saat dewasa dan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor konsumsi makanan tinggi kalori dan lemak tetapi rendah serat, serta aktivitas fisik kaitannya dengan kegemukan pada anak usia 5-18 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2013 dan SKMI 2014. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara kegemukan dengan jenis kelamin, status ekonomi, tempat tinggal, pekerjaan kepala keluarga, dan tingkat pendidikan ibu. Konsumsi makanan yang berhubungan dengan kegemukan adalah konsumsi lemak (p=0,017). Tidak ada hubungan yang nyata antara konsumsi energi (p=0,457) dan serat (p=0,431), serta aktivitas fisik (p=0,078) dengan kegemukan. Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian kegemukan pada anak sekolah umur 5-18 tahun berhubungan dengan konsumsi lemak. Kelompok makanan penyumbang energi dan serat tertinggi adalah kelompok serealia, kelompok makanan penyumbang lemak tertinggi adalah kelompok lemak dan olahan
Studi Kesesuaian Sumber Daya dengan Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional Rumah Sakit Pemerintah di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur
No full textTraditional health services (THS) in hospitals are expected to support conventional services formally applied in Indonesia. Nonetheless, until now there is no known information about the suitability of the existing THS resources. This research was conducted to analyze the suitability of resources for the means of how it is done, with descriptive method, cross sectional design. The sample was determined purposively by 1 (one) government hospital every regency/city that provide more than one traditional health service and operated before or since 2014. The research subject was 2 informants every hospital consisting of unit head of traditional health services and administration staff. The results showed that most THS types were licensed, have SOPs and have appropriate resources. The existing human resources are equally good in the THS of the herb as well as the skill unit with the tools that consist of both trained and untrained physicians, diploma of traditional healers, diploma ofnursing, and or high school graduates, but none of the traditional healh service units have pharmacists. Types of Standard Herbal Medicines is obtained from herbal medicine and pharmaceutical industry although in some other units also available herbs and phytopharmaca. There is a suitability of resources and treatment at the tradisional health service in hospital
PENYEBARAN VEKTOR MALARIA BERDASARKAN VARIBAEL SPESIES, PERILAKU DAN KEADAAN LINGKUNGAN DI PULAU SUMBA
No full textMalaria dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara manusia, parasit, vektor dan lingkungan,vektor sebagai penular parasit sangat tergantung dari spesies dan lingkungannya. Tujuanpenulisan ini adalah mengidentifikasi spesies Anopheles spp. yang ditemukan di Pulau Sumbadan spesies yang positif sebagai vektor malaria. Hasil menunjukkan spesies Anopheles spp.yang ditemukan di Pulau Sumba sebanyak 13 spesies yaitu An. vagus, An. barbirostris, An.subpictus, An. sundaicus, An. indefinitus, An. tesselatus, An. maculatus, An. aconitus, An.kochi, An. minimus, An. annularis, An. flavirostris dan An. balabacensis. Spesies yangdikonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria sebanyak 6 spesies yaitu An. sundaicus, An. subpictus, An.barbirostris, An. minimus, An. vagus dan An. annularis. Keberadaan habitat perkembangbiakanvektor di Pulau sumba hampir pada semua genangan air dengan kondisi lingkungan yangsemuanya sesuai dengan kondisi goegrafi perilaku vektor. Kesimpulannya adalah Vektormalaria yang dikonfirmasi sebagai vektor di Prov. NTT positif sebagai vektor malaria di PulauSumba ditambah An. vagus dan An. anullaris yang positif dari hasil uji ELISA denganpenyebaran di seluruh Pulau Sumba, demikian juga halnya dengan habitat perkembangbiakanspesies Anopheles spp
PREDASI IKAN NILA (OREOCROMIS NILOTICUS) TERHADAP LARVA ANOPHELES SP DI INSEKTARIUM LOKA LITBANG P2B2 WAIKABUBAK TAHUN 2014
No full textNyamuk Anopheles adalah vektor penular penyakit malaria pada manusia sehinggaperlu dilakukan pengendalian. Salah satu pengendalian vektor secara biologi yaitumenggunakan ikan sebagai predator. Tujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran ikan nila yangpaling efektif sebagai pengendali vektor malaria. Metode jenis penelitian adalah praeksperimendengan The One Shot Case Study. Populasi adalah ikan Oreochronis niloticus(Nila) dan sampel adalah ikan Orechronis niloticus (Nila) berdasarkan ukuran ; kecil (6cm), sedang (10 cm) dan besar (14 cm) masing-masing tiga ekor ikan. Hasil : rata-ratajumlah larva yang dimakan oleh ikan nila ukuran kecil lebih banyak yaitu 100% dibandingikan nila sedang (93%) dan ikan nila besar (87%). Ikan nila ukuran kecil lebih cepatmenghabiskan larva yaitu dua pertiga larva dibandingkan dengan nila ukuran sedang danbesar.Lebih dari dua pertiga larva dimakan oleh Ikan nila kecilpada jam pengamatanpertama sedangkan ikan nila ukuran sedang dan besar membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lamauntuk memakan larva. Kesimpulan : Ikan nila dengan ukuran kecil (6 cm) efektif digunakansebagai agen pengendali hayati vektor malari
cover, Daftar isi, ucapan terimakasih, lembar abstrak
No full textcover, Daftar isi, ucapan terimakasih, lembar abstra
Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Control Policy Implementation in Hospital in Indonesia
No full textAntimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a serious issue because it may reduce treatment effectiveness, increase infection transmission and health care costs. This article aims to identify the problems and the implementation of the AMR control program in hospital. Method :Data were collected by reviewing study results in journals and proceedings, books/literature on AMR at universities and hospitals in Jakarta and Bandung, regulation on the distribution and use of antimicrobials at NADFC, control policy on AMR of MoH RI, as well as data of nosocomial infections from National Survey on Health Facility (Rifaskes 2011). We also conducted consensus decision making which discusses strategic plan and policy for controlling AMR as well as how to optimize or strengthen the strategy with participants involving type Ahospital AMR Control Committee as keynote speakersandDirectorateof ReferralHealth Services, Directorateof Health Service Facility, Directorateof Pharmacy Services, Private and Public Hospital Directors in DKI Jakarta, Hospital Accreditation Commission (KARS), others researchers and academicians as stake holders.In Indonesia AMR control program has been started in some hospitals, but there are still many obstacles either from the management, facilities or infrastructures and practitioners. The policies related to AMR control in Indonesia are stated in Law No. 36 of 2009, Law No. 44 of 2009 and the Ministry of Health Decree No. 8 of 2015. There is also a guideline of the Ministry of Health forInfectionControlPrograminhospital. These policiesshouldbeimplementedandusedasatoolto increase the commitment of the hospital management. Compliance with the guidelines should be strictly implemented, besides the rational prescription of antimicrobials, completing facilities and infrastructures for controllingAMR and the establishment of surveillance of antibiotic use
POLA ASUH MAKAN PADA ANAK PENDERITA GANGGUAN AKIBAT KEKURANGAN IODIUM (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN WONOSOBO)
No full textThe Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) problems correlated with food intake. Not like sugar or protein, human body cannot produce iodine. Human get iodine from the outside of his body, naturally through the absorption of iodine content. in the foods and drinks. Therefore, someone who had IDD should consume food with high iodine content and reduce consumption of foods with goitrogenic. On the other hand, feeding practice correlate with local custom that has been formed since childhood. A children with IDD, still depend on their parents daily feeding practices. The purpose of this study was to identify the feeding care practices in children with IDD. Methods of data collection were indepth interviews, observation, and Food Frequency Questionaire (FFQ). Indepth interviews was held to know about the mother’s knowledge about IDD. The observation was also held to know the feeding practices of families giving to the children with IDD. Food Frequency Questionaire (FFQ) interviews also held to know the consumption of goitrogenic in children with IDD. The results showed that feeding care practice in the family with the IDD children due to the food availability,the parents knowledge about IDD and also the parents awareness to fulfilled the nutrition for the children with IDD
GAKI PADA ANAK SEKOLAH BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN CARA PENGGUNAAN GARAM KETIKA MEMASAK
No full textHingga saat ini, garam beriodium dianggap sebagai cara yang efektif untuk menanggulangi permasalahan Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium (GAKI). Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa hubungan antara kadar iodium dalam garam (secara kualitatif) dan perilaku penyimpanan serta penggunaan garam beriodium ketika memasak dengan GAKI pada anak sekolah. Penelitian cross sectional ini melibatkan 67 siswa SD di Dusun Sidowayah, Desa Sidoharjo, Kecamatan Jambon, Kabupaten Ponorogo, yang terpilih secara acak. Status GAKI dinilai menggunakan indikator pembesaran kelenjar gondok, dan kandungan iodium garam dianalisa menggunakan iodine test kit. Observasi di rumah responden dilakukan untuk mengetahui cara penyimpanan garam, sedangkan cara penggunaan garam diketahui melalui wawancara terhadap ibu. Hubungan antar
variabel penelitian dianalisa menggunakan uji chi square dan fsher exact. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar rumah tangga (65,7%) telah menggunakan garam dengan kadar iodium memenuhi kriteria. Sebagian besar rumah tangga (65,7%) juga menyimpan garam dengan cara yang tepat. Namun, cara penggunaan garam ketika memasak, sebagian besar masih kurang tepat (80,6%). Uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifkan antara kadar iodium (kualitatif) garam (p>0.05) dan cara penyimpanan garam (p>0.05) dengan GAKI. Sedangkan cara penggunaan garam ketika memasak berhubungan secara signifkan dengan GAKI (
Program Eliminasi Lymphatic Filariasis di Indonesia
No full textFilariasis telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia sejak lama dan WHO telah menetapkan penyakit ini sebagai penyakit yang terabaikan dan menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia, untuk itu dicanangkan program Eliminasi filariasis secara global dengan target eliminasi pada tahun 2020. Artikel ini menghimpun 44 literatur sebagai bahan utama penulisan terkait perkembangan eliminasi filariasis global secara umum dan kemajuan eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia khususnya. Program eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia sudah berjalan setidaknya ada 51 kabupaten yang telah berhenti melaksanakan POPM dari 236 kabupaten yang endemis filariasis. Kabupaten tersisa diharapkan sudah melaksanakan POPM sejak 2015 sehingga tahun 2020 selesai dan dilakukan verifikasi dan diberikan predikat eliminasi filariasis sesuai target global eliminasi filariasis. Penelitian berbasis manajemen dan komunitas penting dilakukan untuk menentukan model terbaik dalam eliminasi. Masih banyak tantangan dalam meningkatkan cakupan, karenanya upaya edukasi berkelanjutan tentang filariasis dan pentingnya pengobatan akan menggerakkan masyarakat untuk berperan aktif dalam pencapaian target cakupan secara maksimal, dan target eliminasi filariasis nasional dapat tercapai di tahun 2020.
PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS FASILITATOR SURVEILANS VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KOTA SALATIGA
No full textIn 2014 a community mobilization was developed for controlling dengue vectors in Salatiga. Community mobilization involved PSN cadres and teachers (as facilitators) and students as larva monitoring agents. The form of community mobilization was training of facilitators and students for larvae monitoring and promoting vector control. The objective of this research was to measure the level of knowledge of facilitators and students before and after dengue vector control training. Larvae Free Index was measured before and after intervention to determine the impact of community mobilization activities on vector habitats. The research was conducted in Kelurahan Gendongan and Tingkir Tengah with data collected in February - September 2014. The research was intervention study with quasi experimental design (without control). The result was known knowledge of facilitator and students was oncreased after getting dengue vector control training. Larvae free index at the study sites increased from 56.80% to 83.60% after the intervention. Research recommendation is vector control training able to increase knowledge both facilitator (cadre PSN and teacher) and student before and after intervention. Mobilization activities involving community and school cadres can increase the value of larvae free index in the study sites.Distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever case in Salatiga in 2011 - 2015 showed the extent of the dispersal area of the case. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Salatiga in collaboration with B2P2VRP performed capacity building of vector surveillance facilitators using interactive method as an early warning system response to the spread of DHF transmission. Facilitators were cadres and teachers who were expected to optimize larval monitoring activities in family and at school. The objective of this study was to measure the level of knowledge of facilitators before and after receiving capacity building activities. The research was conducted at Kelurahan Gendongan and Tingkir Tengah with data collection time in February - September 2014. The type of research was an intervention study with one group pre-post test design without control. The result of the research showed that the capacity building could increase the knowledge of both the facilitator (PSN cadres and teachers) before and after the intervention. There was no difference of knowledge level between cadre group and teacher on post test score. Capacity building activities with interactive methods can increase participants' knowledge with different educational background. The health office was recommended to use interactive methods in refreshing DBD vector surveillance materials on cadres and teachers to improve the sustainability of community participation in other kelurahan in larva surveys. [U1]Output [U2]Outcome [U3]Sebaiknya didampingi dan dibina dahulu untuk kelanggengannya, baru replikasi di wilayah lain