e-Journal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan / National Institute of Health Research and Development
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PENGARUH PENERAPAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK TERHADAP PENURUNAN PROPORSI PEROKOK DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA DAN BALI
No full textThis study aimed to find out the effect of the implementation of the Smoke-Free Area policy on reducing smokers’ proportion. This research was an ecological studies design, which compares 2007 to 2013 smoker proportion by implementation of the local Smoke-Free Area policy in Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Bali and West Sulawesi. This study was done by analytical conceptual approach, as well as the comparative approach. The result showed that the implementation of the local Smoke-Free Area policy tend to have influence on reducing the proportion of daily smokers. Factors that contributing were commitment of the local government; consistency of law enforcement; regular supervision; stakeholder compliance; positive support from education and tourism sector; and active participation of civil society organizations
Analysis the Development of Mother and Infant Health in Sampang District Hospital
No full textBackground: The hospital have a strategic role in efforts to reduce maternal and infant mortality. This study aimed to determine the development of maternal and infant health services carried out in Sampang District hospital between 2010 and May 2012. Methods: The quantitative study with ecology design carried out in Sampang District hospital east Java Province Indonesia in 2012. The collection of secondary data such as coverage of maternal and infant health care in the period of 2010 to May 2012, as well as qualitative data collection with in depth interview to the Head of Service, Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Doctors and midwives. Data were analyzed descriptively. Result: In Sampang District hospital in period 2010 – May 2012 showed, an increase in maternal and child health services, where an increase in the handling of complications of pregnancy, normal delivery or Sectio Caesar and management of newborn complications and maternal and neonatal deaths are relatively increased . The coverage of family planning services was still low and the vast majority was IUD. Conclusion: The maternal and child health services in Sampang District hospital in period of 2010 – May 2012, showed an increase in the quantity of service coverage. The majority cases of delivery in hospitals were referral cases and complications. Howefer, the number of Sectio Caesar, maternal and neonatal mortality were still high. Recommendation: Sampang District Health Offi ce and Sampang District Hospital should create a policis and programs to reduce neonatal mortality in an integrated, continuous with proper implementation of standard procedures at every level of service, supported by well trained human resources, infrastructure and adequate fi nancing
Evaluation of the Implementation of Preparedness Education at mount Bromo and Merapi Valley Communities, Year 2012
No full textBackground: Basic education through counseling mitigation program is on Statute No 24 Year 2007, Health Minister Decree No 145 year 2007, Decree of Mining an Energy Minister. Preparedness education is efforts to increase knowledge and awareness to face of the volcano disaster, in order to survive and stay healthy. The purpose of this study was to evaluated the implementation of educational preparedness in disaster-prone communities on the slopes of Mount Bromo and Mount Merapi Methods: Croessectional methode, Big sample is 100 people from Bromo area in the Ngadirejo village to 25 people, in the Wonokerso village 25 people, whereas in the Merapi area in the Mangunharjo village 25 people andthe Jaranan village of 25 people. Samples are purvosif determined that only the community on the slopes of Bromo and Merapi eruption affected. Secondary data was obtained from the institution carrying out preparedness education. Results: Preparedness Education through counseling had a basic level of central and local regulation is the reference work BPPD officer. Agencies involved counseling is District Health Offi ce and Health Centre, PMI, LSM,BPBD. Impact preparedness counseling is when the eruption of the volcano was about to evacuate people, including most of the people Bromo, in order to survive, in addition to the public while maintaining the health of the PHBs, to stay healthy. Conclusion: Preparedness education is based on the regulation of the central and local level to help people to volcanic eruptions. The focus of its activities is the procedure for evacuation, rescue and PHBS are implemented on an ongoing basis. Recommendation: Important implement sustainable counseling, so that people have a lasting awareness preparedness for facing volcanic eruptions
Role of Puskesmas Leader in Development of UKBM in Purbalingga District
No full textBackground: Implementation of Puskesmas function as the center of society empowerment was done through thedevelopment of UKBM in work region of Puskesmas. This research aims to know the role of Puskesmas leader in PurbalinggaDistrict, Central Java Province in the implementation of Puskesmas function as the the center of society empowermentthrough development of UKBM. Role of Puskesmas leader that were analyzed in this research were role of motivation,communication, leadership, guidance, observation and supervision. Methods: The mainsubject of this research were7 leaders of Puskesmas in Purbalingga District. The supporting subject were 7 people worked as Health Promotor in 7Puskesmas and 1 person worked as Head of Society Empowerment and Health Promotion Divition Purbalingga District.Research type is descriptive with qualitative approach. Results of indepth interview, observation, and document analysisshowed that the knowledgeof the Puskesmas leader in Purbalingga District concerning Puskesmas function as the center ofsociety empowrement represent the Health Paradigm through facilities in the form of UKBM as the active participation fromsociety to increase health degree of Indonesian society. Results: The role of Puskesmas leader in aspects of motivation, communication, guidance, supervise, and development of UKBM had been done well. The leadership role was applied bythe combination of Democratic and Autoritary style of leadership. The difference of the role between Puskesmas leadersfrom medical background and nonmedical background was found insupervision aspect. Conclusion: Department of Healthneeds to undertake human resource development in the health center which has a dual leadership with the workload sothat the role of supervision has not run optimally
Assessment Study of Motivation and Commitment Midwives Puskesmas in Utilization MCH Handbook in Indonesia (A case study in Batu, Cianjur and East Belitung Regency)
No full textBackground: Utilization of KIA guidebook in health centers not maximum eventhough there are enough books published Ministry of Health as a reference and has given training especially to midwives. This study aims to assess the motivation and commitment of midwives in the use of the KIA guidebook in Indonesia. Methods: The study was conducted in three districts and four health centers purposively determined from each district, each consisting of 2 health centers PONED and Non PONED. In each health center will be taken up to 10 midwives in both MCH services in health centers or its networks proportionally selected that have been works at least 2 years in a health center or its network. If the number of midwives<10 person, it will be taken entirely. Data collected through interviews using a questionnaire and a check list. Results: The number of samples were 113 midwives consisted of Kota Batu (35), East Belitung(37 people) and Cianjur Regency as many as 41 person. Motivation midwifes in Batu and Cianjur district in the utilization of MCH guidebook were quite well, whereas in East Belitung province was well motivation. Commitment midwives in three districts/cities mostly had good commitment. Conclusion: This study concluded that the motivation and commitment of midwives in applying the guidebook were considered quite good. Recommendation: Need to improve supervision, technical guidance and providing feedback to increase the motivation of midwives. Giving a clear assignment and guidance as well as the availability of SOP composedof guidebook need to be realized as a shared commitment to implement the appropriate service guidebook
Implementation of Maternal Reference System at Tambakrejo and Tanah Kali Kedinding Health Centres in Surabaya City
No full textBackground: In an effort to reduce maternal mortality rate required an effective referral system, especially for cases of complications. One of the fundamental aspects of primary health care is a good relationship among levels especially with above level that refl ects as an effective referral system. Method: An observational study with cross sectional design carriedout in Tambakrejo and Tanah Kali Kedinding health centers Surabaya in 2013. Respondent were head of the health center and the midwives’ coordinator. Collecting data with in depth interviews, structured questionnaires and study documents of maternity referral cases period of 2010 - June 2013. Data were analyzed descriptively. Result: The implementation of maternity referral cases in Tambakrejo and Tanah Kali Kedinding health centers consisted of clinical and administrative procedures. Clinical procedures have been implemented well, on the other hand, there were some administrative procedures that had not been implemented yet, these were 1) record for patients in register books; 2) giving a referral feedback letter to health facility and worker that refer the patient; 3) There is no procedure of receiving back referred. Coordination for maternal referral among health facilities has been implemented with limitations. Implementation of maternity referral cases and childbirth cases’ handling are in accordance with medical indication primary health care authority. Conclusion: Maternity referral cases in Tambakrejo and Tanah Kali Kedinding health centers has been implementing well enough with limitations, i.e. there is no referral back from hospital to primary health care facility. Recommendation: To implement the policy of back referral, the hospital should make a written standard procedures for the return of referrals. In addition, public health centers have to make standard procedures for receiving back referred patient from hospital and returning back them to other primary health care, sub health centers or midwife
KEKERABATAN FENETIK CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) DI WILAYAH EKS-KARESIDENAN SURAKARTA BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGIS, PALINOLOGIS DAN POLA PITA ISOZIM
No full textCiplukan (Physalis angulata L.) is one of the wild plants which used as traditional medicine. Thediversity and phenetic relationship among ciplukan populations in Surakarta region based onmorphological, pollen evidence and isozyme characters, have been determined. Samples were takenby using purposive random sampling. Analysis of isozyme banding pattern with green leafelectrophoresis system using two enzymes, namely esterase and peroxidase. Characters areobserved as many as 105 characters consisting of 96 morphological characters, 9 palinologicalcharacters, and 15 isozyme banding patterns. The results showed ciplukan in Surakarta region hasa diversity of both qualitative and quantitative primarily on the color and size of the stems, leaves,flowers, fruits and seeds; size, number of apertura, form of pollen and 46.7% isozymepolymorphism. The relationship based on morphological, palinological and isozyme charactersshowed different results. SLO Ciplukan clustered with BYL3 on morphological dendogram with 88%similarity coefficient, at dand clustered with BYL1 on dendogram isozyme banding pattern at 96.88% similarity coefficient.Individuals with the same phenotype can have different genotype diversity.endogram of palinological character with 88.89% similarity coefficient, Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan liar yang banyak dimanfaatkansebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman dan kekerabatanfenetik ciplukan di wilayah eks-karesidenan Surakarta berdasarkan karakter morfologis, serbuksari dan pola pita isozim. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive randomsampling. Analisis pola pita isozim dengan elektroforesis daun muda menggunakan dua sistemenzim, yaitu esterase dan peroksidase. Karakter yang diamati sebanyak 105 karakter yangterdiri dari 96 karakter morfologis, 9 karakter serbuk sari, dan 15 pola pita isozim. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan ciplukan di wilayah eks-karesidenan Surakarta memiliki keragamanbaik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif terutama pada warna dan ukuran batang, daun, bunga,buah dan biji; ukuran, jumlah apertura, bentuk serbuk sari serta 46,7% pola pita polimorfisme.Hubungan kekerabatan berdasarkan karakter morfologis, serbuk sari, dan pola pita isozimmenunjukkan hasil yang berbeda. Ciplukan SLO mengelompok dengan BYL3 pada dendogrammorfologis pada koefisien kemiripan 88% dan pada dendogram serbuk sari dengan koefisienkemiripan 88,89%, serta mengelompok dengan BYL1 pada dendogram pola pita isozim padakoefisien kemiripan 96,88%. Individu dengan fenotip yang sama dapat memiliki keragamangenotip yang berbeda
Relationship Between Nutritional Status of Children Under Five with Parents Who Work
No full textBackground: Indonesia is one of 117 countries which has three crucial nutritional problems in children under fives, such as stunting, wasting and overweight. This study is important because nutritional status of children under fi ve years old was closely related with economic factors. While economic conditions of families depend on the work of both parents.Methods: The study design was cross sectional based on health research “Riskesdas 2007 and 2013”. Type of research was quantitative and qualitative methods. Samples consisted of children under fi ves years old of whom their parents were still alive and have completed the information for the questionnaires. The informants of the qualitative research came from caregivers, district nutrition offi cer, sub-district nutrition offi cer, district labor offi ce, and parliament at district. Quantitative data was processed and analyzed by SPSS version 15 under the licensed of NIHRD MOH RI. While primary data was explored by indepth interview and analyzed using content analyses. Result: There was no relationship between parents who were both working with the nutritional status of children under fi ves based on indicators: weight/age p= 0,77 (2007), p = 0,92 (2013); height/age p = 0,58 (2007), p = 0,71 (2013); weight/height p = 0,77 (2007), p =,33 (2013). These qualitative results were confi rmed by informants’ opinions that the nutritional status of children under fi ves years were not differ between those whose parents are working and not working. Conclusion: The analysis whether quantitative or qualitative found there was no signifi cant relationship between the nutritional status of children under fi ves to those both of the parents working. Recommendation: Nutritional problems should be solved inter-sectoraly, it does not guarantee that only the economic capacity to bring about positive impacts the nutritional status of children under five
Effectiveness of Tarling Cirebonan Cultural Arts as a Media to Improve Pregnant Women’s Knowledge in Cirebon District of West Java
No full textBackground: Antenatal class is a program from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia for increasing pregnant women’s knowledge. Until recently, the media used in has not varied yet; thus, innovation on instructional media based on culture to complement the existing media is needed. One of the typical cultural arts of Cirebon is Tarling Cirebonan. The objective is to analyze the effectiveness of media Tarling Cirebonan to improve pregnant women’s knowledges. Methods: This was an analytic study with a quasi experimental design and a non-randomized pre-test and post-test with control group design, by making use of qualitative data. The study was conducted in Cirebon District from March to September 2014. The study sample was 80 pregnant women in Kalibuntu Health Center (40 with Cirebonan Tarling media and 40 with fl ipchart media). Research instruments included music box containing ringtone and lyrics of Tarling Cirebonan consisting of antenatal class materials, fl ipchart, questionnaires, in-depth interview and focus group discussion’s guide. Data analysis with a paired t-test and independent t-test. Result: There were signifi cant differences in score changes on pregnant women’s knowledge at pre-test and fi rst post-test and second post test with a mean difference of 1.35 and 1.70. There was a positive response from pregnant women, the husband, village midwives and society against Cirebonan Tarling media. Conclusions: There were signifi cant differences in score changes on pregnant women’s knowledge at pre-test and fi rst post-test and second post test with a mean difference of 1.35 and 1.70. There was a positive response from pregnant women, the husband, village midwives and society against Cirebonan Tarling media. Recommendation: Tarling Cirebonan Media is more effective to improve pregnant women’s knowledge than fl ipchart media, so that it can be used as an innovative media in improving pregnant women’s knowledge
FORMULATION OF LIQUORICE ROOT EXTRACT (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) AS SKIN WHITENING CREAM
No full textABSTRACTLiquorice root extract (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) contains glabridin, an isoflavane as inhibitors of tyrosinase. This enzyme is responsible in melanin synthesis. The aim of this research was to determine the tyrosinase inhibition activity of liquorice root extract and to formulate into a cream with a variety of emulsifier agent glyceryl monostearate. Liquorice root was macerated using ethanol 96%, invitro tyrosinase inhibition assay was conducted using kojic acid as positive control in 96-well plate. The physical quality parameters of the cream were also evaluated. The results showed that liquorice root extract inhibits tyrosinase with the IC50 126.75 µg/mL. Creams containing 1.01% liquorice root extract were yellowish white, aromatics odour, soft texture, homogen and no segregation in O/W emulsion type. It also showed plastic thixotropic rheological property, viscosity of (2800±0.00) – (4000±0.00) Ps, spreadability of (3029.72±0.81) – (3531.79±6.15)mm2, droplet size of (60.00±0.00) – (65.12±0.01)μm, pH of (4.55±0.03)–(4.63±0.04) and inhibited tyrosinase 10.14 - 19.30%. It can be concluded that the formula with 0.1% of glyceryl monostearate was the best formula that conforms physical quality test and potentially to be developed as a skin whitening cream