Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy (E-Journal)
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Payment of Labour Wage for Construction Site Operations with Safety Risk
Get PDFThe increasing rate of unsafe acts by construction workers during construction operations to earn more wages is raising new concerns due to its negative effects; including accidents on construction sites. This study, therefore, examined the relationship between the level of safety risk in different building construction operations/trades and methods of payment of wages for construction operatives to determine if the wage payment method was predicted by the level of risk in each operation. Prior to this, the study prioritised selected construction operations based on their safety risk level and rated the method of payment of wages for each operation based on their frequency of utilisation. A site-based survey was conducted using structured questionnaire and interview, administered to building tradesmen and labourers in South-East Nigeria. The study identified 12 high-risk level and 7 medium-risk level operations/trades. The study ranked roofing work as the riskiest building operation. It also found that negotiated lump sum, piece rate and time rate wage systems respectively, were the most prevalent wage payment systems in the payment of wages for operatives. Although the study also found that the level of risk has positive effect on the method of payment of wages (β = 0.214; t-stat = 0.640), it revealed that the level of risk involved in each operation/trade does not significantly predict the payment method used in payment of workers’ wages (F-Stat (0.409) < F-Critical (4.451); p (0.531) > 0.05). It identified negotiated lump sum wage payment method as an emerging wage payment system in Nigeria construction industry and suggested for further investigation to unravel the circumstances behind its high acceptance. The study then craved for review of existing labour laws in Nigeria to capture the new trends in the labour management of risky operations on construction sites
A Systematic Review of Literature and Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of Capital Structure Issue
Get PDFEconomists have been dealing with the issue of using sources of financing in business activities for more than half a century. The search for a suitable combination of equity and debt financing has led to a number of studies and later theories that deal with the issue of capital structure optimization. The authors often focus in their publications on whether the capital structure of the enterprise can be optimized or whether the business activities and the fulfilment of its main objectives are conditioned by the management of financial resources. For this reason, the issue of capital structure is constantly highly topical. The main goal of this research paper is to clarify the basic concepts associated with the question about the capital structure of enterprise. The analysis was preceded by a detailed study of the publications by identifying the most crucial research papers, countries, and authors in the Web of Science database. The term capital structure was a search keyword focused on scientific research papers published in the Web of Science database during 2010-2021. The final search result with all available information was exported and subsequently used to create the bibliometric map itself in the VOS Viewer program. The results of the bibliometric analysis show that the keywords capital structure and determinants are the two most related words using the analysis of citations of common occurrence, and the most crucial international co-author relations arose between the USA and China
Leveraging Intellectual Capital Management in Virtual Teams: What the Covid-19 Pandemic Taught Us
Get PDFThis study undertakes a review of the scientific literature on the role and impact of Intellectual Capital (IC) with all its components (human, structural and relational capital) on Virtual Team (VT) work. As already proven in the discipline research, IC as a summum of organizational knowledge resources plays a fundamental role in the knowledge economy in sustaining competitive advantage, innovation and performance. Despite an abundance of papers investigating VTs from both a theoretical and empirical perspective, a surprising discovery has been made during this research. The extent of work dedicated to analysing the relationships between IC and VTs is minimal, notwithstanding the unprecedented expansion of the use of VTs since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. Following a first review of the extant literature regarding IC and VTs, a second literature review has been conducted for the benefit of revealing crucial aspects and the newest best practices in what concerns work in VTs. In doing so, the authors attempt to draw attention to the need for in-depth researches in the IC field, to catch up with the business, economic and societal most recent developments. Furthermore, this study aims to provide the practitioners with up-to-date, concise knowledge on the practical aspects relevant for the work in VTs
Enhancing Customer Retention in Manufacturing SMEs through Supply Chain Innovative Practices
Get PDFFirms have realised that they cannot compete successfully in a marketplace without considering their customers. The impact of Supply Chain Innovative Practices (SCIPs) on customer retention in manufacturing SMEs is not well recognized. This paper aims to examine the extent to which manufacturing SMEs embrace SCIPs and their impact on customer retention. A simple random sampling technique and cross-sectional research design were used. Data were collected from 168 SME owners in Mwanza-Tanzania using a questionnaire survey to test the relevance of transactional cost theory in ascertaining the impact of SCIPs on customer retention. To determine the relationship between SCIPs and customer retention, Multiple Linear Regression was used. The study spotted e-supply chain, customisation, just in time, collaborative SC, reverse logistics, SC configurations, green supply chain, outsourcing and cross-docking as the most SCIPs adopted in manufacturing SMEs. The spotted SCIPs showed a positive link and significant impact on customer retention in Tanzania’s manufacturing SMEs. Only reverse logistics had a non-significant impact. SCIPs are important tools for customer retention. Therefore, all actors along the supply chain of manufacturing SMEs should aim at adopting SCIPs to improve performance, satisfy and retain customers. The study enriches the literature by documenting the role of SCIPs in customer retention in manufacturing SMEs
The Effects of Blockchain Technology on Corporate Governance: Evidence from Emerging Economy
Get PDFModern developments in digitization have completely changed business structures and operating procedures. The core structure of a database can be built using the distributed technology known as blockchain, which combines data blocks and hash chains. Blockchain has been recommended by academics as one of the foundational elements of corporate governance. Though previous studies examined the impact of blockchain on firm numerous extents, few study has investigated the impact of blockchain technology on corporate governance. We examined the effects of blockchain technology on corporate governance of financial institutions in Nigeria. We use multiple regression over 121 responses. Samples were collected using a random sampling method. Results indicates that blockchain technology has positive impact on corporate governance suggesting the removal of agents as intermediaries in corporate governance through code, peers’ connectivity, and collaboration. Our results help managers transform the regulatory, financial, and entire governance structure of financial institutions
In Pursuit of Happiness: How Realistic is the American Dream? Understanding and Seizing Inequality
Get PDFRecognized as the land of the free, the United States has provided the economic stage for many to craft their slice of the American dream. More questionable is that about 11.4% of its citizens are living below the national poverty line despite the national wealth. However, the acceptance that poverty for some is an unfortunate consequence of free markets is present among a strong majority of the American population. By using a ballpark method from, the Gini Coefficient, Equivalence Adjustment, and Mean Logarithmic Deviation, this study illustrates how persistent income inequality is a result of class warfare – a socioeconomic competition among the social classes which plays a vital role in the pursuit of the American Dream. The study recommends that to restore an economy where everyone gets a fair shot, the government needs to make sure that everyone plays by the same set of rules. Tackling high inequalities will create opportunities for all, and education should become a fundamental right for all and not a privilege for the few
Activating the Method of Management by Objectives and its Impact on Institutional Performance: A Field Study for the Tax Directorate in the State of Mascara
Get PDFThis study aimed to identify the extent of the effect of activating the management according to the objectives method in improving institutional performance and to test the relationship between management In terms of dimensions (participation in setting goals, developing an action plan, periodic review, performance evaluation). To demonstrate this, we conducted a field study for the Tax Directorate in Camp Campus of a sample of 64 questionnaires, where the SPSS program was used in statistical processing and data analysis. In order to test the hypotheses, the simple and multiple linear regression method was used. The study concluded that there is no statistically significant effect at the level (α = 0.05) for the two dimensions (participation in setting goals, developing an action plan) on institutional performance, in contrast there is a statistically significant effect at Level (α = 0.05) for two dimensions (periodic review, performance evaluation) on institutional performance
Some Have Other Crisis Concerns: Antecedents of Anxiety while Grocery Shopping
Get PDFThis study relates consumer behaviour with social disruption theory by identifying the antecedents of anxiety related to grocery shopping. Our research design integrates cognitive, behavioural, self-identity, emotional components in disruptive situations. This study presents a conceptual framework focusing on the cognitive and behavioural antecedents of anxiety relating to grocery shopping in disruptive situations. The conceptual model was validated by fitting a SEM with the FIMIX-PLS algorithm to 228 responses obtained an online questionnaire in Brazil and Germany. Two distinct segments of consumers—concerned and scared consumers—differing by their perceived vulnerability are identified. Concerned consumers are characterized by a strong relation of personal concerns to anxiety. The empirical contribution roots in the identification of two types of customers with respect to concerns and anxiety: (i) the concerned because of their situational awareness and (ii) those with more pressing problems. Thus, our study contributes to consumer behaviour and social disruption theory by clarifying and quantifying the impact of the antecedents of anxiety related to grocery shopping in crises. The resulting data from survey responses are cross-sectional, which means it cannot provide evidence of temporal sequence. Retailers benefit from actively shaping consumers’ emotional experiences through measures. The perceived consumers’ need for coping strategies to reduce their anxiety (e.g., shopping in less frequented stores) can thereby be eliminate
Long-Memory Models in Testing the Efficiency Market Hypothesis of the Algerian Exchange Market
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the Efficiency Market Hypothesis (EMH) from the perspective of the Algerian exchange rate market. We apply different tests of dependence, long memory, volatility clustering and unit root tests over the three main Algerian exchange rate returns series vis–à-vis the US Dollar, the Euro, and the British Pound. Empirical findings suggest that combined Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA)-Fractionally Integrated Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (FIGARCH) models were the most appropriate to represent the behavior of exchange rate returns. We also compare the predictive qualities of the estimated models and the Random Walk (RW) in terms of out-of-sample forecasting. The results are held to imply the rejection of the EMH in the Algerian exchange rate market. Therefore, the exchange rates fluctuations can be predicted, which may help public authorities intervene in the exchange market and assess the consequences of different economic policies
Shift from Product Innovation Strategy to Marketing Innovation Strategy to Add Value to the Firm
Get PDFThis article explores the role of innovation strategies for enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs in global markets. Based on a literature review of innovation strategies, these strategies were separated into four groups: product innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, and marketing innovation. The study focused only on the product innovation strategy and marketing innovation strategy. The empirical analysis found that Algerian enterprises adopt both a product innovation strategy and a marketing innovation strategy. There are differences regarding the relationship between the product innovation strategy and adding value to the firm compared to the relationship between the marketing innovation strategy and adding value to the firm in Algerian enterprises. Here, there are three positive relationships between product innovation strategy and adding value to the firm whereas in contrast, there are two positive relationships between marketing innovation strategy and adding value to the firm. Thus, the enterprises under study must shift from a product innovation strategy to a marketing innovation strategy, which means focusing their attention more on the latter to market their products more and faster, which allows them to add more value to the company