Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy (E-Journal)
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The Growth of Research in Earnings Management Phenomenon
Get PDFThe practice of earning management is the use of accounting methods to create financial statements that favourably portray a company's operations and financial standing. The issue of earnings management is theoretically defined in the paper from two angles - theoretical and visual analysis. The paper offers various sources and different earnings management-related elements at the theoretical level. The objective of the paper is to outline the most recent developments in the research field of earnings management, which is a subset of a larger collection of ideas, including financial fraud, employee incentives, and governmental laws to reveal the effects and consequences these practices may have on. The stakeholders and capital market. By expressing the publishing activity in the scientific section of Web of Science over the span of 67 years, the visual portion is also presented using bibliometric analysis- a method for exploring and analysing large amounts of scientific data. The accepted outputs are also particular instances of companies with a history of deception, understood in terms of their revenue report. The theoretical level for the idea of earnings management, as well as a visual comprehension of the significance of this earnings management issue, are presented in a long-term horizon to declare and underline the importance of the research issue in corporate practice
Is Foreign Debt Management in Gabon Efficient?
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to show whether external debt management in Gabon is effective. Our study period is from 1989 to 2019 and we use error correction modeling. The significance and positive sign of the recall force shows that short-term imbalances do not correct in the long run, implying that debt management is inefficient as exchange rate fluctuations create changes in the shares of debt denominated in U.S. dollars, Japanese yen, and special drawing rights in both the short and long run. It is difficult for the debt manager to balance his portfolio. The originality of the article is to show that the management of the debt, in particular the external debt, is difficult to be seen inefficient by taking the example of a small economy opened on the outside. It is then a question of rethinking public policies and especially of carrying out structural reforms in the economy in order to minimize the consequences of a high external debt. In this context, the literature recommends either dollarizing all of its debt or allowing the development of a domestic bond market to protect against (or at least minimize) the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on external debt. While we find the latter proposal relevant, we believe that the former is not. Furthermore, we would add that Gabon should implement reforms to boost its industrial sector in order to improve its integration into international trade. The goal is to counter (even partially) the effects of currency fluctuations through export gains
The Impact of Cultural Intelligence on Multinational Leadership: A Semantic Review
Get PDFNever before the need to function efficiently in multicultural contexts has been more apparent than today as, in our global and interconnected world, cultural intelligence (CQ) has become the central pillar of efficient leadership. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to critically analyze the specific literature on cultural intelligence and its modeling role for performant leadership and to identify gaps or inconsistencies of research employing this concept to contribute to its revamping. Based on a systematic review, we have structured this article into four directions of conceptual clarification, which could improve the current notions and applicability of CQ. The first two sections investigate and present the existing conflicting definitions and models of culture and cultural intelligence and move towards the common ground in our new challenging economic context. The third direction particularly questions the validity of the actual cultural intelligence scales and will try to point the need to develop new adapted measuring tools. The last one focuses on the limitations and new influencing factors of the link between cultural intelligence and efficient leadership, considering that globalization, the digital revolution, immigration, circular economy, or artificial intelligence are shaping a new operating business model. Our conceptual research is based on a systematic approach to literature and a critical analysis of the main concepts and ideas dealing with cultural intelligence. The findings, regrouped around inconsistencies, show that the new economic reality might impact the existing academic theories regarding the link between cultural intelligence and multinational leadership. The research limits are bordered by emotional intelligence (EQ), an individual parameter, and main leadership success factors. However, our present work will develop an understanding of the cultural intelligence impact on multinational leadership and opens the gate for future research questions and challenges arising from this study's findings
The Econometric Approach of the Impact of Public Investment in the Road- Infrastructure in the Economic Growth of Kosovo
Get PDFEconomic growth and public investments are considered the most challenging problems faced by most countries around the world, including Kosovo. Various assumptions have been made that better and higher-quality transport is essential for the country's economic development. This study aims to analyze the relationship and the impact of public investments in road infrastructure on Kosovo's economic growth taking into analysis also other macroeconomics aggregates such as Consumption, Investment, Exports, and Imports. Two important aspects have been addressed within the extensive literature review, namely theoretical analysis of different studies elaborating on elements regarding infrastructure in general, such as social and economic infrastructure, and road infrastructure in particular. To analyze the impact of public investments in road infrastructure and other macroeconomics aggregates over Kosovo's economic growth, the econometric multiple regression model Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), the Pearson Correlation, and the Test for heteroskedasticity have been applied. The data used is secondary data obtain from the World Bank Indicators, Kosovo Agency of Statistics, and the Official Gazette of the Republic of Kosovo. All these models are tested with the STATA software program. Based on regression analysis, we can conclude that public investments in road infrastructure for Kosovo's economic growth are non-significant as their effect is manifested in the long run, but all the other independent variables from the OLS model are significant and impact the GDP growth of Kosovo. The study comes with some other conclusions, suggestions and opens paths for future researchers
Market Risk Management - Modeling the Distribution of Losses Using Romanian Securities
Get PDFMarket risk with its major components, such as the risk of interest rate instruments, currency risk, and risk related to stock and commodity investigations, represents the risk of losses in balance sheet and off-balance sheet positions, resulting from negative market price movements. Portfolios of instruments traded for short-term profits, called trading portfolios, are exposed to market risk or risk of loss, resulting from changes in the prices of instruments, such as stocks, bonds, and currencies. This paper, through theoretical and empirical methods, assesses risk by using the probability distribution of daily variations in government bond yields. Long-term government securities in most cases have a higher return due to the higher level of risk assumed regarding changes in risk factors such as interest rates, which, when raised above a certain threshold, cause a price decrease, which illustrates the price sensitivity to long-term bonds. Using Value at Risk as the main element for determining the maximum possible loss on investment in a trading book, as well as statistical tests to measure the similarity between two or more distributions such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Anderson -Darling or Chi-squared, we identified the most representative theoretical probabilistic distribution both for the value of losses and for the frequency of risk events. At the same time, the most used distributions to manage the market risk by advanced methods and, of course, the distributions used in this paper, were Weibull and Pareto (including the generalized form), as well as other distributions, because they better capture the asymmetry in queues and the presence of thick tails. Modeling the distribution of losses requires choosing from a set of probable distributions, the one with the highest log-likelihood
The Tripartite Dynamic Relationship between Poverty, Unemployment and Construction Sector: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
Get PDFThe increasing rate of poverty and unemployment in Nigeria has necessitated further efforts towards alternative means of reducing the trend, outside the government’s microeconomic mechanisms. As a sector with multiplier effects on other sectors of economy through its numerous activities, the construction sector is expected to reduce both poverty and unemployment. This study, therefore, examined the relationships between construction sector variables, poverty and unemployment rates in Nigeria. Using socio-economic data published by the Central Bank of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics, United Nations Development Program and World Bank from 1981-2019, the study deployed an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to analyze the relationships between construction sector variables, poverty, and unemployment rates. It also used Granger causality test to determine the direction of causation between the variables under investigation. The results showed that there are both long-run and short-run dynamic relationships between poverty rate and construction sector variables (F-stat. (3.93) > upper (3.67) and lower (2.79)) bounds. It showed that no long-run balanced relationship exists between the unemployment rate and construction sector variables (F-stat. (2.01) < lower (2.79) and upper (3.67)) bounds. The result further revealed that there are significant and positive linear correlations between construction sector variables, poverty, and unemployment rates; except between construction output and poverty rate, where an insignificant linear relation was established. Nevertheless, the relationships could not result to direct causal effect, except a unidirectional Granger causal relationship that flows from government capital expenditure to construction service recurrent expenditure and construction output, and from construction service recurrent expenditure to construction output. Consequently, the study suggested that construction sector expenditure and output should be directed towards poverty and unemployment reduction. This could be done through the diversification and integration of all construction sub-sectors, particularly the private sector into the nation’s economic equation. Thus, this study would direct the paths of policymakers and construction planners towards the right construction policies and plans that would lead to a reduction in unemployment and poverty rates with a long-term economic transformation in Nigeria
Can Organizational Spirituality Contribute to Knowledge Management?
Get PDFSociety demands more sustainable business. Increasing organizational spirituality can be one manner of accomplishing this humanized strategy, and knowledge management is an efficient method to diffuse high-level values through the company. Spirituality has a vital role in organizational theory and practice. Nevertheless, this also places a heavy burden on practitioners. To address this association, we conducted a systematic literature review, systematizing and categorizing the results to answer the research question, "can organizational spirituality contribute to knowledge management?", and propose a future investigation research agenda. We utilized the Web of Science and Scopus database. We submitted the articles to VOSviewer software version 1.6.16 for building, displaying, and exploring a bibliometric map supported by network data. The beginning was about wisdom, followed by a major focus on knowledge fields after increasing attention to spirituality. VOSviewer provided a network with two clusters, namely, spirituality dynamics and knowledge dynamics. Spirituality and knowledge labels have connections in both clusters. Wisdom and organizational wisdom are isolated from the other terms. Based on the articles analyzed, organizational spirituality can indeed assist knowledge management. One should ponder, however, that there are still few empirical studies with non-generalizable results. Considering the mysticism and excess of non-scientific articles (and scarcity of scientific ones), we recommend a change in approaching it. Traditional and positivist methodologies are not the most suitable; consequently, innovative and mixed methods ought to be used, providing the research's scientific nature. It is crucial to look at the insertion of spirituality in management with a scientific and critical eye
The Emergence of Knowmads from the Knowledge Workers
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the academic advances in the knowledge management field, by increasing the understanding of the knowmad workforce. Knowledge economy represents the context in which organizations and individuals strive to learn continuously, to remain competitive, and to reach success. In this context, knowledge management joins other management specializations in the dedicated quest of optimizing organizational knowledge dynamics. Over the past decades, in close connection with unpredictable developments in all facets of our lives, which impact the business environment as well, a new typology of workers is being recognized in the knowledge management literature. The knowmads are emerging from the knowledge workers in a context of an intensified knowledge economy and they are developing skills and competencies that are suitable for the global markets, becoming autonomous, innovative, highly adaptable, and entrepreneurial members of the organizations, as this study proves. The research objective of this paper is to find and analyze the core conditions that favor the emergence of the knowmads from the knowledge workers. Through extensive literature review and by using data analysis software, key concepts are identified in close relation with knowmads. In the first part the intensification of the knowledge economy in Society 3.0 is analyzed from a critical perspective while, in the second part, the significant skills and competencies shift is being discussed. The working hypothesis of this research is that knowmads represent a new type of knowledge worker. Therefore, a comparison between the two workers groups from a skill, competencies, and attributes perspective was also implemented for increased methodological coherence. As this paper shows, in the intensified and global knowledge economy environment and under the forces of digitalization, technologization, new key competencies become essential within organizations. The holders of these competencies prove to be the knowmads, the new workers' group emerging from the knowledge workers in the late 21st century
Intuitive and Deliberative Decision-Making in Negotiations
Get PDFThis study departs from common conjecture by challenging the preference for deliberation or intuition, or both, in negotiations. In contrast to prior negotiation studies considering judgment precision, this study builds on underlying personality traits. Therefore, the findings are valid beyond the experimental context. This study conceptualizes and experimentally tests the impact of preference for intuitive and deliberate decision-making during negotiations in Chinese, German, and Polish cultures. Contrasting an emotional with a neutral setting, the paper evaluates the impact preference for intuition and deliberation have on negotiation outcome. The results challenge the frequent assumption made in negotiation analysis: Deliberative negotiators are superior
Determinants of Financing Obstacles of SMEs in Western Balkans
Get PDFThe main aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the financing obstacles and the effect of financial obstacles on the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) growth in the Western Balkan region. The study employs OLS and probit models and using data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Survey (BEEPS V), conducted by EBRD and World Bank in the period 2012 – 2016. The econometric models used to achieve the main aim of this paper include the OLS and probit regression. From the results of the OLS, the study concludes that revealing the financial obstacles is an important determinant of SMEs' growth in the Western Balkan countries. Further, among the firm-specific determinants of the financial constraints of SMEs, the study concludes that large firms face fewer financing obstacles than small firms, while older firms are more financially constrained than new enterprises. In addition, in the context of the ownership, findings reveal that SMEs with high foreign ownership of the firms, report fewer financial constraints. Given the presented results, it is important to emphasize the vital role of SMEs as the main employer in the Western Balkans region, emphasizing the need for policymakers to address possible reforms in achieving better regulation, institutional development, and governance efficiency, accounting standards, business, and better credit environment