Pusat Jurnal UIN Ar-Raniry (Universitas Islam Negeri)
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Moral Dilemmas and the Accountability of Criminal Offenders: A Neuroethical Perspective on Decision-Making in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System
No full textAdvancements in cognitive neuroscience are increasingly challenging traditional legal concepts of free will, intent, and individual culpability. In Indonesia, criminal liability remains grounded in classical legal doctrines that emphasize moral agency, raising critical questions about their compatibility with contemporary neuroethical insights. This article examines trauma, impulse control disorders, and cognitive dysfunction in criminal behavior from a neuroethical perspective, which can provide a more contextual understanding of criminal behavior in the Indonesian legal system. Using a qualitative normative method, this study combines doctrinal legal analysis with interdisciplinary approaches from neuroethics and moral psychology and compares jurisdictions that have recognized neuroscientific evidence in the criminal justice process. Using a qualitative normative method, this research integrates doctrinal legal analysis with interdisciplinary approaches from neuroethics and moral psychology, drawing comparative insights from jurisdictions that admit neuroscientific evidence in criminal adjudication. The study finds that although Indonesian law acknowledges mental incapacity in certain sentencing provisions, it lacks a consistent framework to assess neurocognitive impairments in determining guilt and punishment. As a result, current legal mechanisms may fail to adequately reflect the complex biological and moral dimensions of deviant conduct. This study concludes that integrating neuroethical considerations into Indonesian criminal law could improve its fairness, scientific relevance, and humaneness
Judicial Discretion in Criminal Justice: Challenges, Implications, and Comparative Lessons from Indonesia and the Netherlands
No full textThis article discusses the challenges and implications of applying the principle of judicial pardon rechtelijk pardon in the Indonesian legal system, by comparing similar concepts that have already been implemented in the Netherlands. This principle grants judges the discretion not to impose criminal penalties on perpetrators who are proven guilty if their actions are deemed minor, taking into account the principles of justice and humanity. This study employs a normative juridical method, utilizing a legislative, historical, conceptual, and comparative approach. The results show that the Dutch legal system has comprehensively implemented rechtelijk pardon, supported by consistent procedural law and jurisprudential practice. Conversely, the application of this principle in Indonesia still faces significant challenges due to the lack of synchronization between the substantive law in the 2023 Criminal Code and the formal law in the Criminal Procedure Code, as well as the absence of clear technical guidelines for judges to apply it. As a result, the principle of judicial pardon has the potential to become a symbolic norm without effective operationalization. This article emphasizes the importance of harmonizing the legal system and strengthening the implementation of regulations so that this principle can function optimally as an instrument of humanistic justice in national criminal la
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL COMMERCE AND E-PAYMENT SERVICES ON THE INCOME OF HALAL CULINARY MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) IN PANYABUNGAN SUB-DISTRICT
No full textThis study aims to determine the effect of social commerce and e-payment services on the income of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary sector in Panyabungan District. The research method used is quantitative research. The population in this study consists of all culinary MSMEs that use social commerce and e-payment services, with a total population and sample size of 30 respondents. Data analysis techniques used validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, f-tests, and coefficient of determination tests. Data processing tools in this study used SPSS 24 software. The results showed that the t-test on the social commerce service variable had a significance value of 0.003 < 0.05 and a t-value of 3.228 > the t-table value of 2.051, so Ha1 was accepted and H01 was rejected, meaning that social commerce services partially had a significant effect on the income of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Mandailing Natal District. Then, the e-payment variable has a significance value of 0.028 < 0.05 and a t-value of 2.329 > the table t-value of 2.051. Thus, Ha2 is accepted and H02 is rejected, meaning that e-payment partially has a significant effect on the income of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Mandailing Natal District. The f test results show that simultaneously or together, the social commerce and e-payment variables have a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 and an f value of 10.969 > the f table value of 3.35, so Ha3 is accepted and H03 is rejected, meaning that social commerce services and e-payment simultaneously have a significant effect on the income of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Mandailing Natal District. Furthermore, the three main principles are in line with the practice of utilizing e-payment and social commerce services for halal culinary MSMEs in the Panyabungan sub-district. First, the principle of justice ('adl) emphasizes the fulfillment of the rights of all parties in a balanced manner. Second, the principle of transparency (al-amanah) requires the honest and trustworthy presentation of financial and non-financial information, as a form of accountability not only to fellow human beings but also to Allah. Third, the principle of benefit (maslahah) directs every business activity to provide broader benefits to society, not merely to pursue personal or group profits
Preliminary Formulation of Wage Theory from an Islamic Perspective
No full textPersistent wage conflicts continue to manifest both in labor disputes and in competing economic ideologies, reflecting the absence of a universally accepted and just wage determination framework. Despite the proliferation of wage theories, none has fully resolved debates surrounding economic justice, positioning wage determination as a central normative and practical concern. This study aims to formulate a wage theory grounded in Islamic economic principles and to assess whether Islamic jurisprudence can offer a viable resolution to ongoing wage controversies. Employing an explanatory descriptive qualitative approach, the study systematically examines classical and contemporary Islamic sources to develop a preliminary conceptual framework for an Islamic wage theory. The findings reveal that Islamic wage theory adopts a markedly simple structure, emphasizing the contractual exchange of services (ijarah) and corresponding compensation, while deliberately excluding considerations such as workers’ living costs, price volatility, or the market value of output produced. This formulation diverges fundamentally from conventional wage theories, showing no direct conceptual alignment with marginal productivity, subsistence, or bargaining-based models. The study concludes that this preliminary Islamic wage framework possesses the potential to address persistent critiques directed at existing wage theories by re-centering justice on contractual clarity and moral obligation, thereby fostering greater harmony between workers and employers within economic transactions.
Abstrak
Rumusan Awal Teori Upah Perspektif Islam. Konflik mengenai upah masih menjadi persoalan berkelanjutan, baik dalam praktik hubungan industrial maupun dalam perdebatan pemikiran ekonomi, yang menunjukkan belum ditemukannya konsep penetapan upah yang adil dan dapat diterima semua pihak. Berbagai teori upah telah dikembangkan, namun belum mampu menjawab persoalan keadilan ekonomi secara komprehensif, sehingga isu upah tetap menjadi tema sentral dalam diskursus ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan teori upah dari perspektif Islam serta menilai sejauh mana prinsip-prinsip syariah dapat memberikan solusi atas konflik pengupahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang bersifat eksplanatori dengan menelaah sumber-sumber pemikiran Islam klasik dan kontemporer sebagai dasar perumusan konsep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teori upah dalam Islam memiliki karakter yang sangat sederhana, karena berfokus pada pertukaran jasa (ijarah) dan imbalan atas jasa tersebut, tanpa memasukkan pertimbangan kebutuhan hidup pekerja, fluktuasi harga, maupun nilai produk yang dihasilkan. Konsep ini secara teoretis berbeda dan tidak memiliki kesamaan dengan teori-teori upah konvensional yang berkembang. Rumusan awal teori upah perspektif Islam ini berimplikasi pada tawaran pendekatan alternatif terhadap keadilan pengupahan, dengan menekankan kejelasan akad dan tanggung jawab moral, sehingga berpotensi menyatukan kepentingan pekerja dan pengusaha dalam transaksi ekonomi
Zakat for Economic Empowerment in Aceh: Evaluating Qanun No. 3/2021 through a SWOT-Maqasid Framework
No full textABSTRACT - Zakat is a fundamental instrument in promoting Islamic economic justice and alleviating poverty. In Aceh, Indonesia’s only province with the authority to implement Islamic law through public policy, this role is institutionalized via Qanun No. 3/2021. This study examines the effectiveness of zakat management under this regulation in fostering economic empowerment. Adopting a qualitative-descriptive approach, the research integrates SWOT analysis with maqasid shariah principles to align spiritual objectives with socio-economic outcomes. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including Baitul Mal officials, muzakki, mustahik, and Islamic economists in Banda Aceh and Langsa, supported by field observations and secondary data from Baitul Mal and BPS Aceh (2023–2024). Thematic analysis using SWOT quadrants and triangulation revealed that the strong legal framework has increased public trust and zakat collection from IDR 85 billion to IDR 90 billion. However, only 6% of the estimated potential (IDR 1.4–1.5 trillion) is realized due to limited human resources and outdated technology. Opportunities include digital transformation and alignment with the SDGs, with productive zakat programs boosting household income by 10% for 70% of 4,895 micro-enterprises. Threats such as informal zakat channels and economic instability (inflation 5.2%, unemployment 6.1%) persist. Zakat contributed to a slight poverty reduction (from 15% to 14.5%), though uneven distribution limits broader impact. The findings highlight the need for digitalization, institutional capacity building, and culturally sensitive outreach. Integrating maqasid shariah offers a replicable model for aligning Islamic philanthropy with sustainable development in other Muslim-majority regions.
Abstrak
Zakat sebagai Instrumen Pemberdayaan Ekonomi di Aceh: Evaluasi Qanun No. 3/2021 dengan Pendekatan SWOT-Maqasid. Zakat merupakan instrumen utama dalam mewujudkan keadilan ekonomi Islam dan pengentasan kemiskinan. Provinsi Aceh sebagai wilayah di Indonesia yang memiliki kewenangan untuk menerapkan hukum Islam dalam kebijakan publik mengatur peran zakat secara formal melalui Qanun No. 3 Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pengelolaan zakat dalam mendorong pemberdayaan ekonomi berdasarkan regulasi tersebut. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan analisis SWOT dan prinsip maqasid syariah guna menyelaraskan tujuan spiritual dengan hasil sosial-ekonomi. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan para pemangku kepentingan utama, yaitu pejabat Baitul Mal, muzakki, mustahik, dan ekonom Islam, yang berlokasi di Banda Aceh dan Langsa serta didukung oleh observasi lapangan dan data sekunder dari laporan Baitul Mal dan BPS Aceh (2023–2024). Analisis tematik dengan kuadran SWOT dan triangulasi menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum yang kuat meningkatkan kepercayaan publik dan penghimpunan zakat dari Rp85 miliar menjadi Rp90 miliar. Namun, hanya 6% dari potensi zakat (Rp1,4–Rp1,5 triliun) yang terealisasi akibat keterbatasan SDM dan teknologi yang belum memadai. Peluang seperti transformasi digital dan keselarasan dengan SDGs terlihat, dengan program zakat produktif meningkatkan pendapatan rumah tangga sebesar 10% bagi 70% dari 4.895 usaha mikro. Ancaman seperti saluran zakat informal dan ketidakstabilan ekonomi (inflasi 5,2%, pengangguran 6,1%) masih menjadi tantangan. Zakat berkontribusi pada penurunan kemiskinan dari 15% menjadi 14,5%, meskipun distribusi yang belum merata membatasi dampak luasnya. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya digitalisasi, penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, dan pendekatan komunikasi yang peka budaya. Integrasi maqasid syariah menawarkan model replikatif untuk menyelaraskan filantropi Islam dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan di wilayah mayoritas Muslim
Metacognition and modality: Exploring gender disparity in the frequency of vocabulary learning strategies among university ESL students
No full textVocabulary plays a crucial role in second language acquisition, and effective vocabulary learning strategies can significantly enhance language proficiency. However, while various strategies have been studied extensively, the influence of gender on vocabulary learning preferences remains insufficiently explored. This study addresses that gap by examining the types of vocabulary learning strategies used by male and female students in the English Language Education Department and analysing how these strategies are implemented in their learning processes. The purpose of this study, which employed a mixed-method approach using quantitative and qualitative techniques, is to identify the dominant strategies used by each gender and determine whether significant differences exist between male and female learners in their approach to vocabulary development. Thirty students (15 males and 15 females) participated by completing a vocabulary learning strategy questionnaire, followed by in-depth interviews with three male and three female students to gain richer insights into their practical strategy use. The results indicate that both male and female students predominantly use metacognitive strategies to build their vocabulary. Female students, however, consistently showed higher engagement across all five categories of strategies: metacognitive, determination, social, memory, and cognitive. Interview responses supported these findings and revealed that both genders commonly utilized strategies such as watching movies, reading, practicing speaking, and group discussions. Interestingly, only male students reported using vocabulary games as a learning tool. This study contributes to the field of second language learning by highlighting gender-based tendencies in strategy use, which can help educators design more inclusive and effective teaching approaches
Stress Coping with Aggressive Driving Behavior among Generation Z in The Motorcycle Community
No full textTraffic accidents are the leading cause of death, particularly among Generation Z, with aggressive driving behavior being one of the main contributing factors. This behavior is often associated with low stress coping skills. This study aims to examine the relationship between stress coping and aggressive driving behavior. This study employs a quantitative correlational method, utilizing the Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale (ADBS) and Ways of Coping Stress instruments. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, comprising 100 Generation Z participants from a motorcycle community. Data analysis using Spearman’s rho correlation test showed a coefficient of -0.598 with a p-value < 0.001. This result indicates a strong negative relationship: the better an individual manages stress, the lower their aggressive behavior on the road. These findings emphasize the importance of stress management as a psychological intervention to reduce aggression and contribute to reducing traffic accident rates.
Keywords: Aggressive Driving Behavior, Coping Stress, Z Generation
Generation Z and Doom Spending: A Predictor Analysis Hedonic Shopping Motivation and Fomo Towards Impulsive Buying in The Digital Era
No full textGeneration Z tends to impulsively due to the influence of social media, digital advertising, and lifestyle pressures. This phenomenon is known as doom spending, which is consumptive behavior triggered by anxiety, pessimism about the future, and negative emotional impulses. Factors contributing to this behavior include hedonic shopping motivation and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). This study aims to analyze the influence of hedonistic motivation and FoMO on impulsive purchasing. The method used is quantitative with an associative causal design. The research subjects are Generation Z (born between 1997 and 2012), comprising 204 participants selected using Cohen's formula and collected via Google Forms. The instruments used were the Impulse Buying Tendency Scale, the Hedonic Shopping Motivations Scale, and the Fear of Missing Out Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 with multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study indicate that hedonistic motivation and FoMO significantly influence impulsive purchasing, contributing 55.7%.
Keywords: Doom Spending, FoMO, Generation Z, Hedonic Shopping Motivation, Impulsive Buyin
Financial Management of the Grand Mosque in Aceh from the Perspectives of the Sharia Economic Law
No full textThis research was conducted in response to the phenomenon that many mosques in Aceh do not prepare financial reports in accordance with ISAK 35 (Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards). Since 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (DSAK) has replaced PSAK 45 and ratified ISAK 35 as the guideline for the presentation of financial statements of non-profit entities, which took effect in January 2020. This standard also applies to the financial reporting of mosques as non-profit institutions. At present, the accountability of mosque financial management in Aceh is generally limited to reports of cash receipts and disbursements, which constitute only a part of the cash flow statement. However, ISAK 35 stipulates that the financial statements of non-profit entities should consist of: (1) a Statement of Financial Position, (2) a Statement of Comprehensive Income, (3) a Statement of Changes in Net Assets, (4) a Statement of Cash Flows, and (5) Notes to the Financial Statements. Given the large number of mosques in Aceh and to avoid the time constraints of completing this research, this study focuses solely on the Grand Mosques managed by the regencies/cities in Aceh Province. The findings reveal that the financial reports of the Grand Mosques across the 23 regencies and cities in Aceh remain incomplete. First, the reports prepared and presented by mosque administrators are still limited to records of cash receipts and expenditures. Second, mosque management personnel generally lack sufficient knowledge of financial reporting practices and standards. Third, most mosque administrators and staff are elderly, which further constrains the implementation of proper financial reporting procedures. It is also important to emphasize that mosque financial management must be based on sharia-based financial and accounting principles so that the mosque is not only a center of worship but also an institution for economic, educational, and community empowermen
RANGKUMAN PENGGUNAAN METODE MARKER BASED TRACKING DAN MARKERLESS PADA APLIKASI AUGMENTED REALITY
No full textTeknologi Augmented Reality mengalami perkembangan pesat dengan dua pendekatan pelacakan utama yaitu metode marker based tracking dan markerless. Kajian literatur ini menganalisis sebelas implementasi penelitian yang dipublikasikan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025 untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik performa, keunggulan, serta keterbatasan kedua metode pelacakan pada berbagai domain aplikasi. Metode marker based tracking mendemonstrasikan akurasi superior dengan tingkat kesalahan di bawah tiga persen dan stabilitas optimal pada lingkungan terkontrol, mencapai tingkat keberhasilan 72,2 hingga 77,8 persen pada berbagai perangkat. Namun terjadi degradasi performa pada jarak ekstensif dan kondisi pencahayaan spesifik. Sebaliknya, metode markerless menawarkan fleksibilitas eksepsional dengan tingkat keberhasilan mencapai 94,4 persen dan adaptabilitas luar biasa terhadap kondisi lingkungan beragam tanpa memerlukan penanda fisik. Metode ini terbukti sangat efektif untuk aplikasi medis, desain interior, pendidikan anatomi, dan manufaktur pintar. Tantangan utama meliputi ketidakstabilan spasial hologram pada pengaturan kompleks dan kebutuhan komputasi lebih tinggi. Inovasi yang mengombinasikan absolute pose regressor dengan visual-inertial odometry telah mereduksi kesalahan hingga lima puluh persen dengan kecepatan inferensi delapan puluh milidetik. Pemilihan metode harus mempertimbangkan kebutuhan akurasi, kondisi lingkungan operasional, keterbatasan perangkat keras, dan kompleksitas implementasi untuk mengoptimalkan efektivitas aplikasi AR