UMMAT Scientific Journals (Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram)
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Uji Aktivitas Tonikum Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea Americana Mill.) pada Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus) Dengan Metode Natatory Exhaustion
Get PDFAbstrak: Penggunaan tonikum semakin populer karena meningkatnya aktivitas masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai tonikum adalah daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) karena mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, polifenol, dan saponin yang dapat memberikan efek tonik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan kimia ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dan efek tonikum yang dihasilkan ekstrak etanol daun alpukat. Penelitian termasuk dalam penelitian eksperimental. Identifikasi kandungan kimia menggunakan analisis fitokimia yang ditandai adanya perubahan warna, identifikasi flavonoid dengan kromatografi lapis tipis, dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dengan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Uji tonikum menggunakan metode natatory exhaustion pada 25 ekor mencit yang terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari Na-CMC 0,5% (kontrol negatif), kafein 100 mg/kgBB (kontrol positif), kelompok seri ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kgBB. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dan uji lanjut Least Significant Difference (LSD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun alpukat mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid. Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat diketahui mengandung flavonoid dengan rata-rata kadar total sebesar 6,91%. Analisis statistik one way ANOVA (p0,05) dengan kelompok pemberian ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 400 mg/kgBB. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak dosis 400 mg/kgBB meningkatkan efek tonikum yang sebanding dengan kafein dosis 100 mg/kgBB. Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid dengan rata-rata kandungan flavonoid total sebesar 6,91%. Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 400 mg/kgBB memberikan efek tonikum terbaik dan sebanding dengan kafein dosis 100 mg/kgBB.Abstract: The use of tonics is becoming increasingly popular due to the rise in societal activities aimed at meeting economic needs. One plant with potential as a tonic is avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) because it contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and saponins, which can provide a tonic effect. This study aims to identify the chemical content of avocado leaves ethanol extract and the tonic effect produced by avocado leaves ethanol extract. This study is included in experimental research. Identification of chemical content was conducted using phytochemical analysis indicated by color changes, identification of flavonoids with thinlayer chromatography, and determination of total flavonoid content with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The tonic test used the natatory exhaustion method on 25 mice divided into 5 treatment groups. The treatment groups consisted of 0.5% Na-CMC (negative control), 100 mg/kgBB caffeine (positive control), and a series of ethanol extract doses from avocado leaves at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBB. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and further Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests. The results showed that the ethanol extract of avocado leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The ethanol extract of avocado leaves is found to contain flavonoids with an average total content of 6.91%. Statistical analysis of one way ANOVA (p0.05) with the group giving the avocado leaf ethanol extract dose of 400 mg/kgBB. This indicates that the administration of the extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBB enhances the tonic effect to a level comparable with 100 mg/kgBB of caffeine.The ethanol extract of avocado leaves contains flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, and steroid compounds with an average total flavonoid content of 6.91%. The ethanol extract of avocado leaves dose 400 mg/kgBB offers the best tonic effect and comparable to caffeine dose 100 mg/kgBB
PROGRAM BALAI BAHASA DALAM MENINGKATKAN LITERASI INFORMASI MELALUI TAMAN BACA MASYARAKAT DI KOTA MEDAN
No full textPenelitian ini berjudul Program Balai Bahasa Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Informasi Melalui Taman Baca Masyarakat di Kota Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui program literasi yang dilakukan oleh Balai Bahasa sebagai dukungan kepada TBM untuk meningkatkan literasi serta mendeskripsikan implementasi program yang didukung oleh balai Bahasa pada TBM Teras Literasi Mutiara Langit Biru dan TBM Samera Indonesia. Subjek penelitian ini meliputi Balai Bahasa Pemprov Sumatera Utara, TBM Teras Literasi Mutiara Langit Biru dan TBM Samera Indonesia. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah empat orang, yaitu kepala balai bahasa, kepala kepakaran literasi, pengelola TBM Teras Literasi Mutiara Langit Biru dan TBM Samera Indonesia dengan kriteria yang memiliki pengalaman dan keterlibatan langsung dalam perencanaan atau pelaksanaan program. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dalam menguji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber yaitu, membandingkan informasi dari berbagai informan yang memiliki peran dan pengalaman berbeda dalam program literasi seperti wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Balai Bahasa memberikan dukungan berupa buku, pelatihan, pembinaan, dan bantuan dana. Dukungan ini membantu menjalin kerja sama yang baik antara TBM dan masyarakat, meningkatkan minat baca, serta mendorong masyarakat untuk ikut aktif dalam kegiatan literasi. Selain itu, dukungan ini juga memperkuat kemampuan komunitas dalam menyelenggarakan program literasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan lingkungan mereka.Kata Kunci: Balai Bahasa, Taman Baca Masyarakat, Literasi Informasi
Strategi Menumbuhkan Semangat Wirausaha Demi Tercapainya Tujuan Keuangan Masyarakat Pelaku UMKM Kecamatan Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat
No full textPengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini berjudul “Strategi Menumbuhkan Semangat Wirausaha Demi Tercapainya Tujuan Keuangan Masyarakat Pelaku UMKM Kecamatan Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tujuan, pertama, untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang pentingnya wirausaha bagi pemuda kecamatan Lembar; kedua, untuk memberikan keterampilan bagi para pelaku usaha di Desa Labuhan Tereng Kabupaten Lembar dibidang manajemen keuangan dan ketiga, untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang bagimana cara akses pasar potensial yang bisa dijangkau melalui digitalisasi pemasaran dan keuangan yang baik. Metode yang diterapkan adalah tatap muka, mentoring dan diskusi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah bertambahnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan para pelaku Usaha Mikro dan pemuda setempat di bidang keuangan dan digitalisasi keuangan
Pengaruh Lingkungan dan Keluarga Terhadap Kenakalan Remaja di Kelurahan Kekalek Kota Mataram
No full textAbstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of social environment and family conditions on juvenile delinquency in Kekalek Subdistrict, Mataram City. Using a qualitative approach through Library Research and the Integrative Literature Review method, this research reviewed scholarly articles from databases including Google Scholar, Scispace, DOAJ, and Scopus, covering the years 2015–2025. The findings indicate that an unfavorable social environment—characterized by negative peer influence, overcrowded and poorly managed neighborhoods, and weak community institutions—significantly contributes to deviant behavior among adolescents. In parallel, permissive or neglectful parenting styles and a lack of family harmony exacerbate delinquent tendencies. The interplay between environmental and familial weaknesses increases the risk of juvenile misbehavior. This study highlights the need for a collaborative approach involving families, schools, and community organizations to prevent delinquency in a locally grounded and culturally sensitive manner. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the specific sociocultural and economic context of Kekalek, which has been largely overlooked in previous research. Practical implications suggest that effective interventions must integrate local values and community dynamics to build a supportive developmental environment for youth.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan sosial dan kondisi keluarga terhadap kenakalan remaja di Kelurahan Kekalek, Kota Mataram. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis Library Research dengan metode Integrative Literature Review, studi ini mereview berbagai artikel ilmiah dari database Google Scholar, Scispace, DOAJ, dan Scopus dalam rentang 2015–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan sosial yang kurang kondusif, seperti pengaruh negatif teman sebaya, kondisi permukiman yang padat dan tidak tertata, serta lemahnya institusi sosial, berkontribusi signifikan terhadap perilaku menyimpang remaja. Sementara itu, pola asuh permisif atau kurang pengawasan, serta keluarga yang tidak harmonis, turut memperkuat kecenderungan kenakalan. Interaksi negatif antara kedua faktor ini memperbesar risiko penyimpangan perilaku remaja. Temuan juga menunjukkan perlunya sinergi antara keluarga, sekolah, dan komunitas dalam mencegah kenakalan secara kontekstual. Kelemahan literatur sebelumnya dalam mengangkat konteks lokal seperti Kekalek menjadi gap yang dijembatani dalam studi ini. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya intervensi berbasis komunitas yang mempertimbangkan struktur sosial, nilai budaya, dan ekonomi lokal
Pengalihan Fungsi Lahan Menjadi Kawasan Terbangun Di Kecamatan Sekarbela Kota Mataram
No full textAbstract: This study aims to examine the dynamics of land use conversion into built-up areas in Sekarbela District, Mataram City, using a library research approach with an integrative review design. The research analyzes land use change patterns from 2013 to 2023, models land use scenarios based on spatial planning policies, and formulates sustainable control strategies. Secondary data were obtained from scientific literature published between 2015 and 2024, focusing on urbanization, land conversion, and urban spatial management. The review reveals that land conversion in Sekarbela occurs extensively and sporadically, driven by population growth, infrastructure development, and weak spatial planning enforcement. The impacts include a reduction in green open space, increased local flooding, and unequal access to infrastructure. The novelty of this study lies in its planned integration of spatial GIS analysis, Dyna-CLUE modeling, and local licensing policy evaluation to formulate adaptive spatial planning recommendations. The findings emphasize the need for spatial data–based land conversion control and cross-sector collaboration to ensure a balance between development and environmental sustainability.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dinamika pengalihan fungsi lahan menjadi kawasan terbangun di Kecamatan Sekarbela, Kota Mataram, melalui pendekatan library research dengan desain integrative review. Studi ini menganalisis pola perubahan lahan dari 2013 hingga 2023, memodelkan skenario penggunaan lahan berbasis kebijakan tata ruang, serta merumuskan strategi pengendalian yang berkelanjutan. Sumber data diperoleh dari literatur ilmiah dalam kurun 2015–2024 yang relevan dengan konteks urbanisasi, konversi lahan, dan pengelolaan ruang perkotaan. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa alih fungsi lahan di Sekarbela terjadi secara masif dan sporadis, dipicu oleh pertumbuhan penduduk, pembangunan infrastruktur, dan lemahnya pengawasan tata ruang. Dampaknya mencakup berkurangnya ruang terbuka hijau, peningkatan banjir lokal, dan ketimpangan akses infrastruktur. Keunikan studi ini terletak pada rencana integrasi analisis spasial SIG, pemodelan Dyna-CLUE, dan evaluasi kebijakan perizinan sebagai dasar rekomendasi tata ruang adaptif. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya pengendalian alih fungsi lahan berbasis data spasial dan kolaborasi lintas sektor untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara pembangunan dan keberlanjutan lingkungan
Metode STEM Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
No full textAbstract: Twenty-first-century education demands learning that goes beyond academic content mastery by also focusing on the development of essential skills such as critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication. One relevant approach to address these demands is STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, which integrates multiple disciplines to create contextual and meaningful learning experiences. This study aims to evaluate the impact of STEM implementation on improving learning quality at the elementary school level through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Literature searches were conducted following the PRISMA protocol, which includes the processes of identification, selection, and synthesis of relevant scholarly articles. Sources were obtained from reputable databases such as Scopus, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with publications ranging from 2015 to 2025. Articles were selected based on topic relevance, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and methodological rigor. The review findings indicate that STEM methods significantly contribute to the development of 21st-century skills among students, particularly in critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. Contextual and cognitively appropriate implementation of STEM has been shown to enhance active engagement and learning outcomes. However, this study also highlights several challenges that hinder effective implementation, including limited teacher pedagogical competence, insufficient supporting facilities, lack of ongoing professional training, and inadequate support from external environments such as parents and institutional policies. Therefore, adaptive, collaborative, and sustainable implementation strategies are essential to optimize the potential of STEM education in elementary schools.Abstrak: Pendidikan abad ke-21 menuntut pembelajaran yang tidak hanya menekankan pada penguasaan konten akademik, tetapi juga pengembangan keterampilan esensial seperti berpikir kritis, kreativitas, kolaborasi, dan komunikasi. Salah satu pendekatan yang dinilai relevan untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut adalah metode STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), yang mengintegrasikan berbagai disiplin ilmu untuk menciptakan pembelajaran kontekstual dan bermakna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penerapan metode STEM terhadap peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di jenjang sekolah dasar melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Penelusuran literatur dilakukan dengan mengacu pada protokol PRISMA, yang mencakup proses identifikasi, seleksi, dan sintesis terhadap artikel-artikel ilmiah yang relevan. Sumber literatur diperoleh dari database bereputasi seperti Scopus, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar, dengan kriteria tahun terbit antara 2015 hingga 2025. Artikel yang dianalisis dipilih berdasarkan kesesuaian topik, kriteria inklusi-eksklusi, serta relevansi metode dan temuan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa metode STEM memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap pengembangan keterampilan abad ke-21 siswa, khususnya dalam aspek berpikir kritis, kreativitas, komunikasi, dan kolaborasi. Implementasi STEM yang bersifat kontekstual dan disesuaikan dengan perkembangan kognitif anak terbukti mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan aktif serta hasil belajar peserta didik. Namun demikian, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi sejumlah tantangan yang menghambat efektivitas implementasi metode ini, antara lain keterbatasan kompetensi pedagogis guru, kurangnya fasilitas pendukung, minimnya pelatihan berkelanjutan, serta lemahnya dukungan dari lingkungan eksternal seperti orang tua dan kebijakan kelembagaan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan strategi implementasi yang adaptif, kolaboratif, dan berkelanjutan guna mengoptimalkan potensi pendidikan STEM di sekolah dasar
Dampak Hybrid Learning Terhadap Kesenjangan Akses Pendidikan di Daerah Terpencil
No full textAbstract: Educational inequality in Indonesia's frontier, outermost, and disadvantaged (3T) regions remains a critical challenge in the national education system. Despite technological advancements fostering innovation in learning models, the reality in remote areas reveals that inadequate infrastructure and limited digital access continue to hinder equitable education. One proposed solution is the implementation of hybrid learning to bridge geographic barriers and enhance educational access. This study aims to examine the impact of hybrid learning on educational access disparities in remote regions using a library research approach through an integrative review method. Literature was gathered from electronic databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Garuda, using keywords relevant to education and the 3T context. The findings indicate that although hybrid learning has the potential to expand access, it may inadvertently widen disparities if not supported by equitable digital infrastructure. Low-tech alternatives, such as printed modules, educational radio broadcasts, and scheduled offline learning, are considered effective in reaching areas with limited technological resources. Community-based initiatives and contextual approaches emerge as essential strategies for promoting inclusive and equitable education delivery.Abstrak: Ketimpangan akses pendidikan di wilayah 3T (Terdepan, Terluar, dan Tertinggal) masih menjadi persoalan krusial dalam pembangunan pendidikan nasional. Meskipun perkembangan teknologi mendorong inovasi pembelajaran, realitas di daerah terpencil menunjukkan bahwa keterbatasan infrastruktur dan akses digital masih menjadi hambatan utama. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan adalah penerapan model pembelajaran hybrid untuk menjembatani hambatan geografis dan memperluas akses pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dampak implementasi hybrid learning terhadap kesenjangan akses pendidikan di daerah terpencil dengan pendekatan library research jenis integrative review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui basis data elektronik seperti Scopus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, dan Garuda, dengan kata kunci relevan terkait pendidikan dan wilayah 3T. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hybrid learning menawarkan potensi perluasan akses, kesenjangan justru dapat meningkat apabila tidak diimbangi dengan dukungan infrastruktur digital yang memadai. Alternatif seperti penggunaan modul cetak, siaran radio pendidikan, dan pembelajaran luring terjadwal dinilai efektif menjangkau daerah dengan keterbatasan teknologi. Inisiatif berbasis komunitas dan pendekatan kontekstual menjadi strategi penting untuk menciptakan pendidikan yang inklusif dan merata
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA USING PLAYING CARDS ON INDONESIAN HISTORY MATERIAL FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Get PDFThis research aims to develop an interactive learning media based on playing cards through the Wordwall platform that is practical, effective and interesting to improve Students' recall skills of Indonesian History subject matter. Creative and innovative teachers are important factors in supporting the improvement of students' understanding. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects were male VIII grade students at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Tanggul. The instruments used include product validation questionnaires by media experts and material experts, student response questionnaires to assess practicality, as well as pre-test and post-test to measure learning outcomes. The results showed that at the analysis stage, students need interactive learning media. The validation results showed that the media met the eligibility criteria, with a score of 82.5% from media experts and 78% from material experts. The practicality test conducted on students resulted in a score of 79%, which is included in the "practical" category. Based on these findings, the playing card-based learning media through the Wordwall platform is declared valid, practical, and effective in improving students' understanding of Indonesian History materia
Augmented Reality for Science Learning in Elementary School: A Literature Review: Analyzing the Effectiveness
Get PDFThis article discusses the effectiveness of augmented reality media on science learning in elementary schools. Effectiveness is reviewed from the improvement of student learning outcomes in elementary school science learning. For this reason, augmented reality media appears to provide an interactive and interesting learning experience. Through a systematic literature review on Google Scholar on 7 articles from 2021-2025 which were selected through a screening process through the publish or perish application, the criteria were determined: discussing three keywords, namely augmented reality media, science learning and elementary school, and feasibility. Eligibility filters several aspects 1) minimum article index sinta 3, 2) availability for download in the form of pdf files. After going through the screening process, the results showed that AR media in science learning in elementary schools can significantly improve students' understanding, critical thinking skills, technology skills, learning motivation, and learning outcomes in science learning. This comes from the characteristics of AR media that are easy to integrate with learning models and conventional learning media, besides that augmented reality media is also considered interactive and helps visualize complex images, such as in human organ material, the solar system, landscapes, materials that require visual explanation. Therefore, teachers as educators no longer experience problems explaining material visually, and it is hoped that from this research teachers can also see how effective augmented reality media is in learning science in elementary school
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA IN SCIENCE LEARNING BASED ON SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC ISSUES (SSI) TO IMPROVE DIGITAL LITERACY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Get PDFThis study aims to produce interactive learning media based on Socio Scientific Issues on Ecology and Biodiversity material that is valid, practical, and effective to improve digital literacy of junior high school students. This research uses the ADDIE development model. The data collection techniques used were observation, interview, validation sheet, media usage implementation sheet, digital literacy assessment rubric, student response questionnaire, and documentation. The results of the validation data analysis obtained a validation value of 92% with a very valid category which includes aspects of content validation, language, and graphics. The practicality analysis results obtained a value of 95% with a very practical category. The results of the effectiveness analysis based on indicators of digital literacy skills obtained n-gain of 0.50 with a moderate category. The results of the effectiveness analysis seen from the student questionnaire obtained a score of 92% in the very good category. Thus, the SSI-based interactive learning media product developed is said to be valid, practical and effective to be applied to junior high school science learning to improve digital literacy of junior high school students