Islamic University of Gaza
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Modified Diphasic Liver Infusion Agar: Selective Medium for the Axenic Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica
No full textA modified diphasic liver infusion agar medium was prepared manually in the laboratory in order to be used for culturing Entamoeba histolytica in vitro. This medium is a good alternative for the commercial one and has the main ingredients for the parasite's growth. E. histolytica was successfully cultured in the present study and PCR technique was performed to confirm Entamoeba species. The growth of E. histolytica trophozoites had started in the third day post-cultivation and reached its highest rate in the seventh. Then the growth started to decrease until the trophozoites completely disappeared after 12-14 days post-cultivation. Cryopreservation using glycerol 10% (V/V) was used in order to preserve trophozoites for later cultivation
Assessment of parasitic pollution in the coastal seawater of Gaza city
Get PDFBackground: The main objective of the study was the assessment of the prevalence and the identification of species of human gastrointestinal parasites as an indicator of the pollution of the seashore of Gaza City.
Methods: The investigation was conducted by analysis of the parasitic contamination of seawater along the study area. A total of 52 samples of seawater were analyzed during the summer period; from June to October 2011. The study area was divided into six zones ( A, B, C, D, E and F according to specific criteria such as the presence of the wastewater discharge points and other geographical characteristics.
Results: The results show that about 48% of the seawater samples from the shoreline region of Gaza City were contaminated with parasites. Zones A, B and D ( mouth of Wadi Gaza, Al Sheikh Ejleen discharge and Al Shalehat discharge points respectively have the highest level of parasitic contamination, while, zones C and E ( From Al-Baydar
restaurant to Khalel Alwazer Mosque and the basin of the Gaza marina respectively had a lower level of contamination and zone F ( From the northern part of the Gaza marina to the Intelligence Building was uncontaminated. The parasitic species found were: Ascaris lumbricoides, Giardia lamblia, Strongyloides stercoralis, Hymenolepis nana, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Cryptosporidium parvum.
Conclusions: The present study revealed a high level of contamination with parasites at most of the points which were investigated along the Gaza City coast line
Association between distance of sewage plant and prevalence of intestinal parasites among children of Beit-lahia, Gaza Strip, Palestine.
No full textA cross sectional study was conducted during 2002-2004 to determine the association between the distance of sewage palnts as a sanitation conditionor factor and the prevalence of different types of intestinal parasites in Beit- Lahia, Gaza Strip Palestine. From Beit- Lahia 2000 individuals 2 to 15 years old were participated in the study. One stool sample was examined for the presence of ova and / or larvae of helminthes and protozoan parasites for each individuals. The parasitological methodsused in this studywhere the direct smear microscopy and formal- ether sedimentation technique. The present study showed that 700 individuals were infected with different types of intestinal parasites with a prevalence of 35%. the following parasites were detected. Ascaris lumbricoides (18.6%), Enterobius vermicularis (3.2%). Giardia lamblia (3.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.9%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (2.6%), Hymenolepis nana (1.7%), mixed infection (4.4%), in addition to one, case of Trichuris trichura. It was found that 29.2% of infected persons were residing with a distance 1200 meters with a significant diffrernce (p-0.003). These unexpected results were attributed to the fact that most children prefere to play and move in more far and opened area and this is a true culture for children in our community, and the matter need more investigation. In both children either residing close or at different distances from sewage plant they were exposed to the parasitic infection. It is recmmended to remove these sewage plants and pools from the area of Bet-lahia to protect peoples
Intestinal Parasites in Relation to Haemoglobin Level and Nutritional Status of School Children in Gaza, Journal of the Egyptian Society of parasitology
No full textThe prevalence of intestinal paresite and their relations to anemia and nutritional status among school children aged 6-11 years in Gaza was studied. The target area is overcrowded with improper sewage disposal system and low socioeconomic levels. Anaemia was assessed by haemoglobin level (Hb) and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements includind weight for age (WA), weight for height (WH) and height for age (HA). Intestinal parasites were found to be prevalent in Gaza. The overall prevalence was 24.5%. Giardia lamblia (62.2%) was the most common parasite detected particularly in age group 6-7 years. followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (20.0%), then Entamoeba histolytica (18.0%). Parasitosis was generally declining with older age groups for both sexes. In general, the prevalence of anaemia was more common in the younger children. Malnutrition was found to be prevalent among children. Infected children of age group 8-9 years showed higher incidence of low WA than non infected ones. The prevalence of stunting and wasting among infected children of the youngest group was greater than that observed for controls. Regarding sex, no specific trend that relates the prevalence of anaemia with sex. Malnutrition was more prevalent among females than males
Prevalence of intestinal parasites and microbial contamination in common edible vegetables used in Gaza Governorate, Palestine
No full textThe present study was conducted to assess the extent of contamination with human intestinal parasites and to determine the bacterial quality in commonly vegetables in Gaza Governorate. A total of 320 vegetable samples which included dill, Jew’s mallow, lettuce, parsley, peppermint, rocket, and spring onion were collected from the local markets in Gaza and examined for their contamination with human intestinal parasites and bacteria. These vegetables were processed by parasitological and microbial standard methods. The present study showed that 118 samples out of 320 were contaminated with human parasites with a prevalence rate of 36.9%. The lowest contaminated vegetable was spring onion at 3.43% and the highest contaminated one was Jew’s mallow ( 6.87% . The most recovered parasite was the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, which has a percent rate 17.2%. Coliform, fecal coliform, and Escherichia coli were detected in high percentage of the tested vegetables. Six vegetable samples were contaminated with Cryptosporidium sp. It is concluded that the fresh commonly used vegetables in Gaza governorate were contaminated with intestinal parasites and bacteria. Measures and inspection of the commonly used fresh vegetables by health authorities should be regular in Gaza community
Cryptosporidiosis Among Children Attending Al-Nasser Pediatric Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
No full textAim: The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in patients with
diarrhea who attended Al-Nasser Pediatric Hospital in Gaza.
Materials and Methods: From January to May 2005, single stool specimens from each of 416 children attending Al-Nasser Hospital were examined by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain and ELISA for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts.
Results: Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 62 (14.9%) of the tested specimens by acid-fast staining technique and in 68 (16.3%) using ELISA kit. The number of infected females was found to be significantly higher than males (P = 0.03). The highest number of infected children was observed in March. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia lamblia, Ascaris lumbricoides and Hymenolepis nana were the most common parasites detected (14.4%, 7.2%, 0.7% and 0.7%, respectively).
Conclusions: It is concluded that cryptosporidiosis still exists among children in Gaza. In addition, the diagnosis of protozoal parasites such as Cryptosporidium should draw more attention and should not be neglected due to its clinical importance
وبائية الطفيلات المعوية فى قطاع غزة: مشكلة صحية مستمرة"
No full textIntestinal parasitic diseases remain to be one of the greatest health problems in the developing world. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 3.5 billion people worldwide continue to be affected by intestinal parasitic infections. Intestinal parasites and other parasitic diseases are endemic in the Gaza Strip for decades, despite the improvement in infrastructure as in other developing countries. The existence and fluctuation of the intestinal parasites and other parasitic
diseases should be considered while health planning, as infections can lead to malnutrition, anemia, cognitive ability, and other health problems. Due to the many unfavorable health conditions in the Gaza Strip, these intestinal parasites continue to survive. There are many reports on parasitic diseases in the Gaza Strip, including the epidemiology of intestinal parasites, prevalence, diagnosis, the association between intestinal parasites and malnutrition and environmental contamination caused by these parasites, and sexually transmitted parasiticdiseases such as Trichomonas vaginalis. This chapter discusses infections with intestinal parasites and other parasitic diseases in the Gaza Strip, and its treatments in children and adults. The challenges encountered during diagnosis and the associated risk factors are also addressed, followed by some proposed solutions to decrease/minimize further increases in infections with intestinal parasites in the Gaza Strip
أحكام الصيام بين التعليل والتوقيف دراسة تأصيلية
No full textAbstract:
It has always been understood that the Islamic Sharia rulings are classified into two main classes, the first one is, devotional rulings (acts of worship) which meaning is not realized by the mind of a person, and it is only binding without realizing or paying attention to the legitimate causes and meanings. The second one is rulings that have cause and a reasonable meaning and in which the analogy is carried out with certain conditions. And by induction; we find that the majority of the legitimate rulings are reasonable meaning. Although the obligation fasting is devotional worship, many of its branches of jurisprudence are reasonable. The research focused on reviewing the opinions of the fundamentalist scholars in the devotional rulings related to fast, according to the variables of the rational judgment (Ijtihad), and the possibility of deducing new causes using the methods existing in the analogy field.من الثابت على سبيل الجزم أن أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية جاءت على قسمين، الأول منها: أحكام تعبدية لا يدرك العقل معناها، ولا يُفهم المراد منها غير الالتزام دون التفات إلى العلل والمعاني الشرعية، والثاني: أحكام معقولة المعنى وهذا النوع يجري فيه القياس بشروطه، وبالنظر إلى الأحكام الشرعية؛ نجد أن الغالب منها معقول المعنى، وفريضة الصيام كونها عبادة تعبدية إلا أن الكثير من فروعها الفقهية معقولة المعنى، وقد تركز البحث في إعادة النظر في تقريرات الأصوليين في الأحكام التعبدية المتعلقة بالصيام، وفقاً لمتغيرات معطيات الاجتهاد، وإمكان استنباط علل جديدة باستخدام المسالك الواردة في باب القياس
التوليد الأتوماتيكي لمخططات لغة النمذجة الموحدة من متطلبات المستخدم المبنية على السيناريوهات
No full textEffective software modeling tools are necessary for successful achievement of software engineering activities, especially when working in the analysis and design phase. Automating these tools facilitates work, makes it more productive and reduces cost and time of development. This paper aims at the development and validation of a method and a software tool for automatic generation of UML diagrams when following the approach of object-oriented development. These diagrams are generated from scenario-based requirements in order to facilitate the modeling process. So, a template of scenario-based requirements and its components are identified and constructed. Then a method including an algorithm is designed and implemented based on natural language processing (NLP) to generate UML diagrams automatically from the scenario-based requirements. The diagrams include sequence and class diagrams. The ability, performance and benefits of the proposed method and the software tool are reported by experimental results.تعدّ أدوات النّمذجة الفعالة للبرمجيات ضرورية جداً للتّحقيق النّاجح لأنشطة هندسة البرمجيات، وبخاصة في مرحلة التّحليل والتّصميم. وإنّ أتمتة هذه الأدوات تسهل العمل، وتجعله أعلى إنتاجيةً، وتخفّض زمن التّطوير وكلفته. وتهدف هذه الورقة الى تطوير طريقةٍ والتحقق منها –بالإضافة الى أداةٍ برمجية- للتّوليد الاتوماتيكي لمخططات لغة النّمذجة الموحدة عند اتباع النّهج الموجَّه نحو الهدف في التطوير. ويتم توليد هذه المخططات من المتطلبات المبنيّة على السيناريوهات؛ من أجل تسهيل عملية النّمذجة. وهكذا يتم تحديد نموذجٍ من المتطلبات المبنية على السيناريوهات ومكوناته وبناؤها. ثم يتم تصميم طريقة تتضمن خوارزمية وتطبيقها بناءً على معالجة اللغات الطبيعية لتوليد مخططات لغة النّمذجة الموحدة أوتوماتيكياً من المتطلبات المبنية على السيناريوهات، وتشمل مخططات التتابع ومخططات الصِّنف. وجرى التحقق من قدرة الطريقة المقترحة وأدائها وفوائدها، وكذلك الأداة البرمجية، عن طريق نتائج تجارب عملية أجريت لهذا الغرض