Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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Aldo Agosti, Marina Cassi, Un eroe senza medaglie. Luigi Capriolo dall’anti-fascismo alla Resistenza, Donzelli, Roma 2024, 208 pp.
Get PDFRecensione del volume Agosti-Cassi su Luigi Capriol
Il coraggio di osare. Intervista al direttore della nuova biblioteca civica di Fiume, dr. Niko Cvetković
No full textSi offre qui l’intervista al direttore della nuova biblioteca civica di Fiume, in Croazia (Gradska Knižnica Rijeka, gkr), dr. Niko Cvetković, gentilmente concessa presso la stessa struttura il 24 aprile 2024. Considerata un modello all’avanguardia nello scenario europeo, la nuova biblioteca è sita in uno splendido palazzo nel centro della città circondato dal verde. Tra gli ideali che la ispirano c’è l’ottimizzazione del tempo dei bibliotecari, la “umanizzazione” del loro mestiere e l’affidamento alle macchine dei servizi più ripetitivi e meccanici, come prestiti, restituzioni e ricollocazione. La GKR, inaugurata nel dicembre 2023 da un edificio ex industriale abbandonato, si distingue però soprattutto per una comunicazione coinvolgente, inattesa e affatto burocratica sia in sede che negli spazi digitali, che l’ha portata a istituire un vero e proprio brand. Con una sperimentazione riuscita, la GKR ha inoltre adottato una policy aperta e tollerante, che separando gli spazi dello studio da quelli del gioco, dell’intrattenimento e della socialità, ingloba e fa convivere con successo dimensioni e generazioni diverse. Obbligo al silenzio e divieto di consumare bevande sono così circoscritti alle sole aule della ricerca, senza che ciò comporti gravi perdite economiche ma al contrario abbattendo le barriere e accogliendo cittadini e curiosi. Il modello, pur continuamente perfezionato, sta portando risultati superiori alle attese, soddisfacendo unanimemente utenti, dipendenti e decisori politici
Biomarkers of Intrathecal Synthesis May Be Associated with Cognitive Impairment at MS Diagnosis
No full textThe pathophysiology of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. Meningeal B cell aggregates may contribute to cortical grey matter pathology. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kappa free light chains (KFLC), and KFLCs-Index (kappa-Index) are reliable quantitative markers of intrathecal synthesis, but few data have been presented exploring the association with CI, and no data are present for lambda FLC (LFLC) in MS. We evaluated cognition using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) battery and collected serum and CSF at diagnosis in newly diagnosed drug-naïve MS patients. We observed that patients with impaired verbal memory and overall CI showed increased CSF KFLCs (respectively p: 0.0003 and p: 0.003) and kappa-Index (respectively p: 0.01 and p: 0.02) compared to those with normal verbal memory and no CI. Patients with CI also displayed lower CSF LFLCs (p: 0.04) and lambda-Index (p: 0.001); however, only CSF KFLC negatively correlated with normalized results of verbal memory (for age, sex, and educational levels), even after correction for EDSS (r: −0.27 p: 0.01). Finally, CSF FKLC and kappa-Index were significant predictors of verbal memory in a multivariate analysis. Our results, suggest that intrathecal B cell activity might contribute to CI development in MS patients
Enzyme-like Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) Based Endo-Functionalized Molecular Receptors
No full text: We report a series of endo-functionalized molecular receptors based on a calix[4]pyrrole scaffold, which exhibit Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) reactivity towards free-radicals (e.g., peroxyl radicals). The chemical structure and shape of the molecular receptors affect the affinity towards free-radicals, while host-guest interactions are used to fine-tune the HAT reactivity, mimicking enzyme modulation in biological systems
From north to south: exploring Italian sun-exposure habits through the “Save your skin” campaign
No full textSun exposure is the main external risk factor for skin cancer, affecting melanoma and non-melanoma differently. Although increased awareness of sun-induced skin damage and appropriate photoprotection has helped to reduce melanoma incidence, inadequate sun protection persists, influenced by geographical, social, and cultural factors. Italy's varying climates -from the colder north to the warmer south- impact sun exposure behaviours. This study examined sun protection habits from the 2023 "Save your skin" campaign to identify at-risk groups and support targeted education. Participants completed anonymous questionnaires on sun exposure, sunscreen use, and skin cancer history. Among 1,773 participants, 45% spent 2-4 weeks per year in the sun on holiday, 26% experienced occupational sun exposure, and 33% used tanning beds. Despite darker skin types, only 26% tanned easily; severe sunburn rates were consistent across regions. Central and southern participants reported more sun exposure on holiday than northern participants (p < 0.001); work-related sun exposure was more common in the south. Tanning bed use was higher in the north (p < 0.001). Although 62.46% always used sunscreen, only 32.51% applied it correctly. Misconceptions about sunscreen were widespread, and actinic damage was more frequent among those with lower photoprotection awareness. Inadequate sun protection is widespread in Italy, with regional differences in sun exposure and tanning bed use. Misconceptions about sunscreen are common, and the rate of proper application is low. The higher incidence of actinic damage among those with less photoprotection knowledge highlights the need for targeted education to improve sun safety and reduce skin cancer risk
Background wage premia, beyond education: Firm sorting and unobserved abilities of graduates
Get PDFIn this paper, we exploit the properties of a two-way fixed effects wage decomposition ‘a la AKM to disentangle the influence of parental background, beyond education, between individual level components and sorting across firms with different pay policies. We match Italian employer–employee administrative data with university records from a large public institution. Our findings indicate that approximately two-thirds of the background-related wage premium operates through firm assignment, while the remaining third reflects variation in individual returns. The sorting channel becomes increasingly relevant as workers progress in their careers. Moreover, the background channel weakens worker–firm positive assortative matching and plays a compensatory role: it is stronger both on firm allocation among low-wage workers and on individual fixed effects within low-paying firms
Costs of robot-assisted vs. open approaches for 5 major cancers
No full textTo test for differences in total hospital cost (THC) between robot-assisted vs. open major cancer surgeries, colectomy, esophagectomy, radical hysterectomy, lung resection and pancreatectomy. Within the National Inpatient Sample (2016–2019), we identified all robot-assisted vs. open procedures for the above stated surgeries. Multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted. Of all surgeries, 6830 (14%) were robot-assisted colectomies, 333 (7%) esophagectomies, 5985 (24%) radical hysterectomies, 6500 (21%) lung resections and 449 (4%) pancreatectomies. Relative to open surgery, robot-assisted esophagectomy (181,462 vs. 96,195 ), pancreatectomy (123,872 vs. 95,707 ), lung resection (93,910 vs. 80,770 ) and colectomy (82,898 vs. 71,279 ) were associated with higher THC (all p < 0.001), except for radical hysterectomy (63,793 vs. 62,558 $, p = 0.8). After multivariable adjustment for patient and hospital characteristics, robot-assisted esophagectomy (risk ratio [RR]: 1.40), robot-assisted pancreatectomy (RR: 1.24), robot-assisted colectomy (RR: 1.20), robot-assisted lung resection (RR: 1.11) as well as robot-assisted radical hysterectomy (RR: 1.10) independently predicted higher THC (all p < 0.001). For the five examined procedures, THC are invariably higher when the robot-assisted approach is used. This THC disadvantage of the robot-assisted approach requires a careful consideration to the other benefits of robotic-assisted surgery, such as shorter convalescence and earlier return to regular activities, that could not be addressed in the current analysis
Supply Chain Concentration as a Competitive Advantage in the Sustainability Reporting of Major Fashion Brands CAP.6 in: Fashion Industry - Advancements in Product Development, Retail, and Marketing
No full textIn recent years, the world of fashion has been facing a significant transformation in the approach to supply chain management, leading to the centralization and concentration of suppliers in selected groups. This process has had a direct impact
on quality, efficiency, and sustainability, representing an important added value
in sustainability reporting for major fashion brands. Supply group concentration
has become a fundamental strategy for companies in the fashion industry wishing
to maintain high quality standards, optimize costs, and, at the same time, meet the
growing needs for transparency and social responsibility in business practices. This
chapter explores the way in which supplier concentration may influence the perceived
value of a fashion brand and how this may be integrated into reporting processes and
corporate communications, in the awareness of the fact that it may also constitute
a strategic lever for improving governance and promoting corporate ethics in the
context of challenges related to sustainability issues
An overview of controlled sediment flushing operations: Perception, issues and management strategies across the European Alps
Get PDFStudy region: European Alps Study focus: The increasing demand for water and renewable energy, along with climate-induced hydrological changes, is driving the development of strategies to counteract reservoirs siltation, including sediment flushing. This review first examines the social perception of this desilting technique, then outlines related current legislation, key research progress, and ongoing criticisms, with specific focus on the European Alps. It also compares alternative sediment management strategies, highlighting their pros and cons. New hydrogeological insights from the region: Due to societal concerns and stakeholder pressure, flushing operations have evolved into more controlled processes, reducing fish mortality and long-term impacts over river ecosystem. As a result, regulations have been updated, generally requiring environmental considerations in support of desiltation strategies. However, fragmented management of freshwater resources-particularly water and sediment flows-still hinders more ambitious environmental goals. While sediment flushing remains a key technical solution, further advancements are needed in flushing methods, post-flushing mitigation, and planning and monitoring practices. In the study region, research on this topic is limited, mostly focusing on specific operational aspects and case studies. To our knowledge, this is the first review offering a comprehensive analysis that integrates social, technical, and legislative dimensions, providing a foundation for improving reservoirs sediment management by flushing
Robot-assisted vs. open radical cystectomy: octogenarians vs. non octogenarians
No full textIntroduction: We quantified the effect of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) vs. open radical cystectomy (ORC) on adverse in-hospital outcomes in octogenarians (≥80 years) relative to non-octogenarians. Material and methods: Propensity score matching (PSM), multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models focused on adverse in-hospital outcomes in octogenarian and non-octogenarian patients treated with RARC vs. ORC, identified in National Inpatient Sample (2008–2019). Results: Overall, 13,922 RC patients were included. In 2002 octogenarians, after one-to-two PSM, 430 of 430 (100 %) RARC patients vs. 860 of 1572 (54.7 %) ORC patients were included. Octogenarians treated with RARC exhibited lower rates of adverse in-hospital outcomes than those treated with ORC in two of 12 examined categories: blood transfusions rate (18.6 vs. 28.1 %, OR 0.57) and prolonged length of stay (LOS) (17.7 vs. 25.5 %, OR 0.62), all p < 0.01. In 11,920 non-octogenarians, after one-to-two PSM, 2639 of 2639 (100 %) RARC patients vs. 5278 of 9281 (56.9 %) ORC patients were included. Non-octogenarians treated with RARC exhibited lower rates of adverse in-hospital outcomes than those treated with ORC in six of 12 examined categories: blood transfusion (12.6 vs. 23.2 %, OR 0.47), prolonged LOS (18.8 vs. 26.1 %, OR 0.66), overall complications (57.8 vs. 62.9 %, OR 0.82), respiratory (9.1 vs. 11.5 %, OR 0.78), wound (2.2 vs. 4.3 %, OR 0.50) and infectious complications (4.2 vs. 5.6 %, OR 0.74), all p < 0.05. Discussion: RARC offers more favorable in-hospital outcomes profile relative to ORC in both octogenarians and non-octogenarians. However, the magnitude of RARC benefit over ORC is less pronounced in octogenarians than in non-octogenarians