RIUCV (Univ. Católica de Valencia)
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Aplicación del ácido hialurónico como tratamiento de la pérdida de papila interproximal
Get PDFLa papila interproximal puede preservar la estructura
anatómica, mantener la funcionalidad e influir en la estética; por lo que tratamientos
alternativos como el ácido hialurónico podrían ayudar a prevenir la alteración de dichos
aspectos en el periodonto. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue determinar la eficacia
del ácido hialurónico para restaurar la papila interproximal perdida. Se realizó una revisión sistemática identificando los artículos de
interés, utilizando la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: (hyaluronic acid) AND (interdental
papilla).The interproximal papilla can preserve the
anatomical structure, maintain functionality and influence aesthetics; Therefore, alternative
treatments such as hyaluronic acid could help prevent the alteration of these aspects in the
periodontium. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of hyaluronic
acid in restoring the lost interproximal papilla. A systematic review was carried out, identifying the
articles of interest, using the following search strategy: (hyaluronic acid) AND (interdental
papilla). The inclusion citeria of this systematic review were the following: articles carried
out in the last 10 years (2013-2023), articles in English and Spanish and articles that are
limited to the treatment of the interproximal papilla with hyaluronic acid and, in addition,
that in the abstract or in the title, the keywords appear.Odontologí
Infección emergente por Lophonomas SPP. Estudio descriptivo sobre la sintomatología y distribución del protozoario
Get PDFLophomonas spp. es una infección parasitaria emergente que
produce enfermedad en los humanos. Su distribución global, patogenia y
sintomatología son actualmente unos grandes desconocidos. La falta de
información hace muy complicado para los facultativos pensar en ella como posible
diagnóstico, llegando a este de forma tardía. El objetivo de la revisión es describir la sintomatología que produce la infección en los humanos, la distribución del protozoo a nivel global y describir la
relación que tienen las comorbilidades de los pacientes con la enfermedad.Lophomonas spp. is an emerging parasitic infection that causes
disease in humans. Its global distribution, pathogenesis and symptomatology are
currently largely unknown. The lack of information makes it very difficult for clinicians
to think of it as a possible diagnosis, arriving at a diagnosis only belatedly. The aim of the review is to describe the symptomatology of the infection
in humans, the distribution of the protozoan globally and to describe the relationship
of patients' comorbidities to the disease.Medicin
Revisión bibliográfica del sistema CRISPR-Cas9: Principales investigadores e implicaciones bioéticas en seres humanos
Get PDFLa última revolución de este siglo ha sido la “herramienta” genética CRISPR-Cas9.
Frente a una tecnología tan prometedora y sus potenciales aplicaciones en los seres
humanos, se ha convertido en obligatoria una revisión bioética que facilite su correcta
administración. A partir del trabajo de los padres de esta herramienta, se han
presentado los avances que han llevado a esta tecnología a ser una de las principales
herramientas de edición genética, a la par que se ha realizado una revisión de las
consideraciones bioéticas de aplicar esta tecnología en seres humanos. Se han
tratado tres líneas fundamentales: aplicación en línea somática, en línea germinal y
genética dirigida (gene drive).
Se diseñaron ecuaciones de búsqueda para la selección de artículos de los autores
clave y sobre los conceptos bioéticos objetivo de la revisión. A partir de estas
ecuaciones, se han obtenido 38 artículos para la revisión de los padres de la
herramienta y 22 artículos para la revisión bioética.
La revisión de los artículos de los autores claves aportó una visión de los trabajos de
estos investigadores en la consecución de esta tecnología, recogiendo los inicios de
esta técnica, el desarrollo y establecimiento de los protocolos de edición y su
aplicación en seres humanos y la implantación de las últimas novedades y mejoras,
particularmente para la edición de células humanas. La revisión bioética alertó de los
límites que esta tecnología ha podido traspasar, la necesidad de perfeccionamiento y
los futuros logros que se han proyectado; donde se abordó la posibilidad del
mejoramiento humano y del diseño de seres humanos como grandes dilemas bioéticos
que ha introducido la herramienta CRISPR-Cas en el panorama científico y social
actual.The last revolution of this century has been the genetic “tool” CRISPR-Cas9. Faced
with such a promising technology and its potential applications in humans, a bioethical
review has become mandatory to facilitate its correct administration. Based on the work
of the parents of this tool, the advances that have led this technology to be one of the
main genetic editing tools have been presented, along with a review of the bioethical
considerations of applying this technology in humans. Three fundamental lines have
been treated: application in somatic line, in germ line and gene drive.
Search equations were designed for the selection of articles by the key authors and on
the objective bioethical concepts of the review. From these equations, 38 articles have
been obtained for the review of the parents of the tool and 22 articles for the bioethics
review.
The review of the articles of the key authors provided a vision of the work of these
researchers in the achievement of this technology, collecting the beginnings of this
technique, the development and establishment of the editing protocols and its
application in human beings and the implantation of the latest developments and
improvements, particularly for editing human cells. The bioethical review warned of the
limits that this technology has been able to cross, the need for improvement and the
future achievements that have been projected; where the possibility of human
enhancement and the design of human beings were addressed as great bioethical
dilemmas that the CRISPR-Cas tool has introduced in the current scientific and social
scene.Biotecnologí
Oxygenic metabolism in nutritional obesity induced by olive oil
Get PDFObesity is a medical and sociological problem of great importance due to the high percentage of people affected and the important health consequences that it involves. Most cases of obesity are related to an inadequate diet, rich in fats, which could lead to changes in the patient's oxygenic metabolism. That is why this study has been proposed to evaluate how some aspects of oxygenic metabolism are affected in a nutritional experimental model, with a controlled hyperlipidic liquid diet based on olive oil, and the effect of the antioxidant vitamin C on these conditions. Wistar rats were divided into four groups which received a control and hyperlipidic liquid diet for 30 days, with or without a vitamin C supplement (CO, COC, HO and HOC). First of all the body and fat tissue development was measured in the four groups. Our results showed that the excessive intake of nutritional and healthy fat such as olive oil did not prevent the appearance of obesity and the supplementation with vitamin C did not have a protective effect on body and fat development. The study of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in total liver, liver cytosol, abdominal white fat, brown fat and blood cells showed that vitamin C could have different selectivities and affinities for different enzymes and compartments/tissues of the body. Finally, the effect of vitamin C on various metabolic parameters (glucose, pyruvate, lactate, LDH, ATP, acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate) provided positive protection against oxidative stress especially under hyperlipidic conditions. All things considered, the present study concludes that vitamin C treatment could protect Wistar rats from the oxidative stress impairment induced by obesity generated by an excessive intake of fats.This work was supported by the Universidad Católica de Valencia “San Vicente Mártir” (Grant Number: UCV257-001)Nutrición humana y dietétic
Effectiveness of an exercise intervention based on preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain in primary care: a randomized control trial
Get PDFBackground: Low back pain is one of the most common disabling pathologies in humanity worldwide. Physical exercises have been used in recent decades to reduce the pain, improve the functionality of the lumbar spine and avoid relapses. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of a program based on re-education exercises involving preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle compared to conventional treatment in adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Methods: A two-arm, single-blind randomized control trial with 35 primary care patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Both groups received a 4-week intervention. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Sixteen patients participated in the intervention group, and 19 patients in the control group. Results: For the experimental group, the outcomes of disability and activation of the abdominal transverse muscle decreased significantly (MD -2.9; CI 95% -5.6 to -0.35; η2 = 0.14; p = 0.028) and (MD 2.3; CI 95% 0.91 to 3.67; η2 = 0.25; p = 0.002) respectively, with a large effect size, compared to the control group. There were no differences between the groups in pain intensity, thickness, and resistance of the transverse abdominal muscle. Conclusion: A 4-week specific program based on re-education exercises of the preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle is more effective than conventional treatment for reducing disability and increasing the activation of the abdominal transverse muscle measured by VAS scale and PBU. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03097497. Date of registration: 31/03/2017.Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deport
Living Alone: Associations with Diet and Health in the Spanish Young Adult Population
Get PDFEating together as a family has important health benefits, as the diet is more balanced and
of a higher quality. Eating together is also a factor in the prevention of diet-related diseases. The
promotion of family and shared meals is currently a public health strategy. The aim of this research
was to study the eating habits of the Spanish young adult population and their impact on health. An
observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out using surveys. A questionnaire was
designed and validated to explore a set of variables related to food and health. The dissemination was
carried out through social networks by means of an online form, using non-probabilistic snowball
sampling to obtain a sample of 17,969 subjects aged between 18 and 45 years. We found statistically
significant differences between people living in a family home compared to people living outside a
family home in the healthy eating index for the Spanish population, fish consumption, and fried food
consumption. This suggests that the nutrition of people living in a family home is healthier, although
their BMI is higher. People living together have a statistically higher healthy eating index value than
people living alone; consume fast food, fried food, and ultra-processed food less frequently; and eat
fish more often. On the other hand, people who live in a family home or are accompanied are more
likely to have a sedentary lifestyle and are less physically active. It was concluded that people living
alone have a worse healthy eating index than those living with company, which seems to indicate
that nutritional interventions should pay attention to people living alone as a variable to be taken
into account in future analyses.Medicin
Humanidades Digitales aplicadas a la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera: estrategias metacognitivas para la mejora de listening y speaking
No full textEn esta comunicación vamos a presentar una aplicación de las humanidades digitales, desde un enfoque metacognitivo, para el aprendizaje de Inglés como Lengua Extranjera (ILE); concretamente, centrándonos en los beneficios del uso de los pódcast para mejorar la destreza de listening y speaking así como la propia confianza del alumno.Educació
More Than Three Years for Normalisation of Routine Laboratory Values after GlutenWithdrawal in Paediatric Coeliac Patients
Get PDFThe assessment of the nutritional and inflammatory status of paediatric patients with
coeliac disease is an interesting approach to early diagnosis and functional follow-up. Most authors
agree that the normalisation of symptoms takes about one year. The aim of the study was to evaluate
the clinical manifestation and normalisation of routine analytics in Spanish children diagnosed with
celiac disease. Methods: We performed a retrospective case–control study in Spanish paediatric
patients, including 21 celiac patients and 20 healthy controls. The 21 patients selected in the case–
control study were followed for 5 years after starting a gluten-free diet (GFD). All patients had type
3 villous atrophy according to the Marsh–Oberhuber classification. A total of 39 blood samples
were taken before the start of the GFD, and 109 were taken after. Twenty control sera from healthy
donors were used for comparison. Results: We found that patients had a subclinical but statistically
significant increase in blood calcium, transaminases, and white blood cells, and a decrease in serum
iron, at the time of diagnosis. Our study also shows that analytical values normalise within five years
on a gluten-free diet. Conclusions: The use of a combination of subclinical changes, including low
iron, high calcium, elevated leukocytes, lymphocytes, and ALT levels in blood samples, together with
a low growth percentile, is pertinent in detecting coeliac disease. This set of parameters could help
in the diagnosis of patients without clinical symptoms. We can also show that the levels of Fe, Ca,
transaminases, and leucocytes remain subclinically altered after 3 years, despite the gluten-free diet.Medicin
The effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise on sprint performance and eccentric knee flexor strength: A systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies among team sport players
Get PDFThe primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise
(NH E ) on sprint performance (i.e., 5, 10 and 20 m) and explore associations between study characteristics
and sprint outcomes in team sport players. Secondary aims were to (1) investigate the effects of the NH E on
eccentric strength of the knee flexors (ES KF ) with categorical subgroup analysis to determine differences
between recreationally, well-trained individuals and young athletes, (2) determine the relation between
ES KF and sprint performance in team sport players, and (3) explore the effect of study characteristics (i.e.,
weekly volume, time duration and body mass) on ES KF .Medicin
Impact of Harvest Time on the Dry Matter Content, and Nutritional Parameters Related to Forage Quality of Maralfalfa (Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone, Poaceae) under Mediterranean Climate
Get PDFMaralfalfa (Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone) is a productive fodder crop in tropical
regions that has been evaluated for forage nutritional value in a Mediterranean climate. To assess
the nutritional value, parameters including dry matter content (DM), ash, ether extract (EE), protein
(CP), fiber contents (NDF and ADF), and the amino acids profile were determined at eight harvest
times (HTs) in a non-fertilized and non-irrigated crop based in Silla (Valencia, Spain). The results
showed significant differences in most of the parameters studied. While CP and ash significantly
decreased over the eight HTs, NDF and ADF increased. In contrast, EE and the ratio of essential
amino acids/total amino acids remained constant. Values of CP remained higher than 15% during
the first two HTs (16 and 28 days). According to the analyses performed, the optimum HT can be
stated at 28 days as it combines high levels of CP (including an optimal combination of essential
amino acids) with low levels of fibers (NDF = 57.13%; ADF = 34.76%) and a considerable amount
of dry matter (15.40%). Among the essential amino acids (EA) determined, lysine and histidine
showed similar values (Lys ≈ 6%, His ≈ 1.70%) when comparing the composition of these EA to
other forage species and cultivars studied, whereas methionine showed lower values. This work
establishes the basis for the appropriate HT of maralfalfa according to the nutritional parameters
measured. Further studies could be aimed to optimize the nutritional and phytogenic properties of
maralfalfa to improve its value as a fodder crop, and to finally introduce it for sustainable livestock
production in Mediterranean countries: This research was funded by the Vice Rectorate for Research of UCV (Universidad Católica de Valencia) through the project “Efecto del momento de corte sobre la composición nutricional y tipo de aminoácidos de la maralfalfa (Pennisetum sp.)” with code number 2018-192-002.Ciencias Experimentale