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Spinal magnetic resonance imaging in cats: differences in clinical significance of intervertebral disk extrusion, intervertebral disk protrusion, and degenerative lumbosacral stenosis
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to determine the occurrence of degenerative changes affecting the vertebral column in cats, assess their clinical significance, and determine the occurrence in cats with intervertebral disk herniation compared to other spinal diseases.Veterinari
Relationship of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics to mechanical restraint used in a psychiatric hospital in Spain
Full text linkMCR, IAF, CLI and MMM: Made substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation
of data; MCR, IAF and GHC: Involved in drafting the manuscript or
revising it critically for important intellectual content; MCR, IAF,
MMM, ABD, CLI and GHC: Given final approval of the version to
be published. Each author should have participated sufficiently in
the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the
content; MCR, IAF and GHC: Agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy
or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated
and resolved.The objective of this study was to analyse the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics most likely associated with the use of mechanical restraints (MRs)
in psychiatric hospital settings.All the authors acknowledge financial support received for this work
from Cardenal Herrera University—CEU, CEU Universities (pre-
competitive projects 2019–2020).Enfermerí
Evaluation of Antibody-based Preventive Alternatives for Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Novel Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Framework and Assessment of Nirsevimab in Spain
Full text linkRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a highly infectious disease that poses a significant clinical and
medical burden, as well as social disruption and economic costs, recognized by the World Health Organization as
a public health issue. After several failed attempts to find preventive candidates (compounds, products, including
vaccines), new alternatives might be available, one being nirsevimab, the first and only option approved for RSV
prevention in neonates and infants during their first RSV season. The objective of this study was to develop a novel
multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework for RSV antibody-based preventive alternatives and to use it to
assess the value of nirsevimab vs. placebo as a systematic immunization approach to prevent RSV in neonates and
infants during their first RSV season in Spain.This project was funded by Sanofi and AstraZeneca.Medicin
The Inequalities Facing Foreign Students in Spanish Compulsory Education. A Critical View from the Theory of Care
Full text linkEl artículo describe las desigualdades educativas entre el alumnado extranjero y nativo en la Educación Obligatoria española: en el aprendizaje de competencias, repetición de curso y abandono escolar temprano. Esas desigualdades producen exclusión social. La tesis fundamental argumenta la incoherencia entre los medios insuficientes para los procesos de aprendizaje del alumnado extranjero, los inadecuados instrumentos de su evaluación y la sanción de exclusión social que padece. La incoherencia se produce por la vigencia del liberalismo y neoliberalismo en el sistema educativo. Se propone la Teoría del Cuidado como alternativa para comprender la raíz del problema y proponer orientaciones para su solución. La introducción argumenta la importancia del problema, los antecedentes de la literatura de la investigación que lo plantea y la pertinencia de la Teoría del Cuidado para su comprensión. La metodología describe los criterios para la selección de las fuentes bibliográficas, internacionales y nacionales, y argumenta la validez del método hermenéutico para la interpretación ética y política de la Teoría del Cuidado. Los resultados confirman la brecha educativa en competencias cognitivas (matemáticas, científicas y lectoras), en repeticiones de curso y en abandono escolar temprano. La discusión de los resultados se hace desde dos perspectivas: se confrontan con los resultados de investigaciones actuales sobre el problema en España; y se hace una crítica a los mismos desde la Teoría del Cuidado. Las conclusiones hacen referencia a las preguntas formuladas en los objetivos sobre las desigualdades educativas y su incidencia en la exclusión social; y a la propuesta de la Teoría del Cuidado como alternativa a las propuestas del aprendizaje y evaluación desde las teorías liberales y neoliberales.Educació
Services purchase from the informal economy using digital platforms
No full textThis paper evaluates the extent to which digital platforms are used
to purchase services from the informal economy and how this can
be tackled. Reporting data from a 2021 survey involving 1209
consumers in Romania, 33% had purchased services from the
informal economy and 36% of these purchases had been bought
via digital platforms. To explain and tackle this, a logistic
regression analysis reveals that informal purchases decrease
significantly when both the level of horizontal trust as well as the
level of sanctions and risk of detection increase. These results
support the use of the holistic approach for tackling informal
economy, advocated by the European Platform Tackling
Undeclared Work of the European Commission, to achieve
progress on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal
(SDG) Indicator 8.3.1 (Proportion of informal employment in non-
agriculture employment, by sex).本文评估了数字平台在非正规经济中购买服务程度，以及解决措
施。根据2021年罗马尼亚1209名消费者调查报告数据显示，33%
的消费者从非正规经济中购买了服务业务，其中36%是通过数字
平台完成购买。基于此，逻辑回归分析显示，当信任以及制裁水
平和被发现风险增加时，非正式购买会显著减少。这印证了可采
用欧洲委员会倡导的“处理未申报工作欧洲平台”整体方法解决非
正规经济问题，以实现联合国可持续发展目标指标8.3.1(非正规
就业在非农就业中的比例，按性别分列)。Economí
The Combined Immunohistochemical Expression of GLI1 and BCOR in Synovial Sarcomas for the Identification of Three Risk Groups and Their Prognostic Outcomes: A Study of 52 Patients
Full text linkAuthor Contributions: F.G., E.M.-C., I.M. and A.L.-B.: research design, performance, literature
search, and manuscript writing. R.L.-R. and J.A.L.-G.: statistical analysis and manuscript writing.
L.A.R.-M. and M.E.: technical support and manuscript writing. F.G., E.M.-C., S.N. and E.M.-A.:
search conduction of clinical reports and manuscript writing. All authors have read and agreed to
the published version of the manuscript.Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare soft-tissue tumor characterized by a monomorphic blue spindle cell histology and variable epithelial differentiation. Morphologically, SSs may be confused with other sarcomas. Systemic treatment is more effective for patients with high-risk SSs, patients with advanced disease, and younger patients. However, further studies are required to find new prognostic biomarkers. Herein, we describe the morphological, molecular, and clinical findings, using a wide immunohistochemical panel, of a series of SS cases. We studied 52 cases confirmed as SSs by morphological diagnosis and/or molecular studies. Clinical data (gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, resection margins, adjuvant treatment, recurrences, metastasis, and survival) were also retrieved for each patient. All the available H&E slides were examined by four pathologists. Three tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed for each of the tumors, and a wide immunohistochemical panel was performed. For time-to-event variables, survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank testing, or Cox regression. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. The mean age of our patients was 40.33, and the median was 40.5 years. We found a predominance of males versus females (1.7:1). The most frequent morphological subtype was monophasic. TRPS1, SS18-SSX, and SSX-C-terminus were positive in 96% of cases. GLI1 expression was strong in six and focal (cytoplasmic) in twenty patients. Moreover, BCOR was expressed in more than half of SSs. Positive expression of both proteins, BCOR and GLI1, was correlated with a worse prognosis. Multivariate analysis was also performed, but only BCOR expression appeared to be significant. The combination of GLI1 and BCOR antibodies can be used to group SSs into three risk groups (low, intermediate, and high risk). We hypothesize that these findings could identify which patients would benefit from receiving adjuvant treatment and which would not. Moreover, these markers could represent therapeutic targets in advanced stages. However, further, larger series of SSs and molecular studies are necessary to corroborate our present findings.Medicin
Sediment leakage on the beach and upper shoreface due to extreme storms
Full text linkJorge Guillén: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodol-
ogy, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Gonzalo Simarro: Funding
acquisition, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing.
Daniel Calvete: Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review &
editing. Francesca Ribas: Funding acquisition, Writing – review &
editing. Angels Fern´andez-Mora: Funding acquisition, Investigation,
Visualization, Writing – review & editing. Alejandro Orfila: Writing –
review & editing. Albert Falqu´es: Writing – review & editing. Rinse de
Swart: Writing – review & editing. Amanda Sancho-García: Writing –
review & editing. Ruth Dur´an: Methodology, Investigation, Writing –
review & editing.The quantification of sediment exchanges between the beach and the lower shoreface, although being still poorly
understood, is required to adequately forecast long-term coastal evolution. The effect of extreme storms on the
morphodynamics of the nearshore and the sediment budget of the coastal zone seems to be strongly conditioned
by local parameters, which should be incorporated into studies of medium- and long-term coastal evolution. In
the upper shoreface, the dynamics of shore-parallel bars in sandy coasts have been extensively studied, but their
implications for the sediment budget remain controversial as it is unclear whether their evolution simply represents a morphological change or denotes an escape of sediment from the upper shoreface. In order to provide
new knowledge to address these questions, fifteen topo-bathymetric surveys that extend from the emerged beach
to 15 m water depth were carried out along 1 km of Castelldefels beach (Llobregat Delta, Barcelona, western
Mediterranean Sea) during the period 2011–2022. Morphological variations on the shoreface are studied,
volumetric changes are estimated and implications on sedimentary exchanges in the littoral profile are inferred.
The largest morphological (volumetric) changes are caused by cross-shore displacements of the nearshore bars,
usually onshore during fair-weather conditions and offshore during storms. Volumetric changes suggest that
shoreline retreat and the erosion of the shallow section of the profile during the last decade provides sediment to
both the distal upper shoreface and the lower shoreface. The resulting sediment budget in the profile is almost
zero in absence of extreme storms, but becomes highly negative when including extreme storms events that cause
a net offshore transfer of sediment from the upper to the lower shoreface and, probably, the inner shelf. The
characteristics of the study area (morphology, sediments, waves, tides) and in-situ hydrodynamic measurements
at the lower shoreface suggest that the main potential onshore transport mechanisms (velocity and acceleration
skewness during low-mid energy event) are small, making a significant transfer of sediment from the lower
shoreface towards the shallow beach area unlikely at interannual scales. Thus, the study area is an example of
low-lying coastal stretch in which the potential long-term shoreline retreat caused by sea level rise cannot be
fully compensated by the sediment supplied from the lower shoreface. Other mechanisms, such as sediment
supplied by longshore transport, are needed to counteract this trend.Ciencias del Ma
Pentoxifylline Protects the Small Intestine After Severe Ischemia and Reperfusion
Full text linkObjectives: Pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine derivative with significant hemorheologic properties, is used for claudication in patients with peripheral vascular disease, and experimentally for ischemic injury to organs because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We used a rat model of severe small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion to determine the ability of pentoxifylline in improving survival, molecular response, and pathological protection.
Materials and Methods: We used 6 groups of male Wistar rats (n=25 each). The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 120 minutes. Laboratory and tissue studies were done on 5 animals, 1 hour after reperfusion, and animal survival was assessed at 7 days. There were 2 control groups that received normal saline, either before ischemia or during reperfusion. The 4 treated groups received pentoxifylline 1 or 10 mg/kg at the same times mentioned above. Laboratory studies included measuring serum lactic acid dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6. Intestinal tissue malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase in small intestine tissue also were measured. Histology and laser vascular blood flow at baseline and reperfusion were obtained, and survival was determined 7 days after ischemia.
Results: A significant survival benefit in the animals treated with 10 mg/kg of pentoxifylline at reperfusion was noted. This coincided with a reduction in biochemical markers of cell damage-specifically, serum lactic acid dehydrogenase, and tissue malondialdehyde, ischemia, and reperfusion. Additionally, we saw decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6. Improved postreperfusion blood flow shown by laser Doppler technology also was seen in the treated groups. Histologically, we observed less neutrophil infiltration in the intestine of ischemic-treated rats. Also seen in the control animals were increased necrotic lesions in the microvilli with a higher presence of lysozyme in the Paneth cells. Survival was significantly better at 7 days (70% vs 40%) when we compared the pentoxifylline group treated at reperfusion (10 mg/kg) to the ischemic controls.
Conclusions; Pentoxifylline had a significant protective effect on severely ischemic bowel when administered during reperfusion at a dosage of 10 mg/kg. Better survival, improved histology, and molecular response should urge consideration of the consideration of applying these findings in some general surgery and transplant conditions.This study was financially supported by Fresenius Biotech GmbH, Gräfelfing, Germany.Medicin
Cinema applied to the study of finance in the classroom
No full textThe study stresses the importance of an in-class discussion about the financial scenes that might impact students the most in order to reinforce students' process in its human dimension.Administración y Dirección de Empresa
Cadaveric biomechanical studies of ADDISC total lumbar disc prosthesis
Full text linkPablo Jorda-Gomez: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation.
Vicente Vanaclocha: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original
draft, Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization.
Amparo Vanaclocha: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original
draft, Software, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation. Carlos M.
Atienza: Validation, Supervision, Resources, Project administration,
Methodology, Investigation, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization.
Vicente Belloch: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original draft,
Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Juan-
Manuel Santabarbara: Validation, Supervision, Project administration,
Methodology, Investigation. Carlos Barrios: Writing – review & editing,
Validation, Supervision, Methodology, Investigation. Nieves Saiz-
Sapena: Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Validation, Super-
vision, Project administration. Enrique Medina-Ripoll: Writing – re-
view & editing, Writing – original draft, Validation, Formal analysis,
Data curation, Conceptualization. Leyre Vanaclocha: Writing – review
& editing, Writing – original draft, Methodology, Formal analysis, Data
curation.Most total disc replacements provide excessive mobility and not reproduce spinal kinematics,
inducing zygapophyseal joint arthritic changes and chronic back pain. In cadaveric lumbosacral spines, we
studied if a new lumbar disc prosthesis kinematics mimics the intact intervertebral disc.Medicin