RIUCV (Univ. Católica de Valencia)
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Estudio de acumulación de cadmio y plomo en huevos de Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758). Calibración como biomonitor
Get PDFSe ha realizado un estudio de acumulación de cadmio y plomo, en condiciones
controladas, en huevos de Scyliorhinus canicula como para llevar a cabo su calibración
como biomonitor de metales pesados.
Las muestras se obtuvieron a partir de ejemplares hembra procedentes de
capturas incidentales de arrastre de fondo en la zona de Calpe y Jávea. Los huevos
fueron sometidos a diferentes concentraciones de metales disueltos durante 75 días. Se
realizaron cuatro pruebas experimentales, con concentraciones que variaron entre 0.05
– 17.12 μg · L
-1 para Cd y 3 – 102.78 μg · L
-1 para Pb. La extracción de metales se
realizó mediante extracción asistida por microondas, con una mezcla de H2O2 al 30%
(v·v-1
) y HNO3 de calidad hiperpura al 69% (v·v-1
). La determinación de metales se llevó
a cabo mediante espectrometría de absorción atómica (GFAAS).
Los análisis, dieron como resultado concentraciones comprendidas entre 0.15 y
20.92 μg · g-1 para Cd y entre 0.94 y 13.22 μg · g-1 para Pb. Las concentraciones de Pb
acumulado fueron superiores a las de Cd en los grupos de menor exposición. Sin
embargo, en los grupos de mayor exposición se obtuvieron concentraciones de Cd más
elevadas que las de Pb. Se obtuvieron correlaciones positivas entre las concentraciones
medias obtenidas en los huevos y las disueltas en el medio para ambos metales en
estudio (Pb: R2=0.9865, Cd: R2=0.9765).A cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) accumulation study was conducted under
controlled conditions to assess the calibration of Scyliorhinus canicula eggs as a
biomonitor of heavy metals.
The samples were obtained from female specimens gathered during bottom trawl
hauls as by-catch in the Calpe and Javea areas. The eggs were subjected to different
concentrations of dissolved metals for 75 days. Four experimental tests were conducted,
with concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 17.12 μg · L-1
for Cd and 3 to 102.78 μg · L-1
for
Pb. Metal extraction was carried out using microwave-assisted extraction with a mixture
of 30% (v·v-1
) H2O2 and 69% (v·v-1
) hyperpure quality HNO3. Metal determination was
analysed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).
The analyses resulted in concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 20.92 μg · g-1
for
Cd and 0.94 to 13.22 μg · g-1
for Pb. Higher Pb concentrations compared to those of Cd
were observed in lower exposure groups. However, in the groups with higher exposure,
higher concentrations of Cd than Pb were obtained. Positive correlations were found
between the average concentrations obtained in the eggs and the dissolved
concentrations in the medium for both metals under study (Pb: R2=0.9865, Cd:
R2=0.9765).Ciencias del Ma
Deconstruir la alteridad radical a través de la educación. La ética del reconocimiento del genocidio entre los estudiantes marroquíes de enseñanza superior
Get PDFThe Moroccan educational system has inherited the 19th-century axiological
spirituality. A synthesis of Islam-oriented morals together with the permanent call for resistance
against different colonizers over the last two centuries and the influence of such historical
and cultural Genesis is still shaping the strategic choices of values and orientations within the
current learnings' modernization. Some paramount cases have become quite classic, namely
when learners are called to react ethically to the historical events concerning the Jews destruction
during the Second World War. Students are led to express less moral interest neither in
learning nor in sympathizing with the victims or the survivors. Thus, moral education practice
and orientation are challenged by the students' inability to develop a neutral stance of moral
humanitarian arguments of a universal value. This study exposes the historical Genesis of the
Moroccan cultural spiritualism to put across how otherness was structured through traditional
institutional moral learning. The lack of authentic humanitarian ethics is due to the hegemony
of an institutionalized moral spiritualism at the detriment of empowering moral psychology
of multicultural ethics. A pattern of moral imagination is therefore suggested to re-open the
humanitarian ethics through genocide reconstruction and ethics.El sistema educativo marroquí ha heredado la espiritualidad axiológica del siglo
XIX. Una síntesis de la moral islámica, junto con el llamamiento permanente a la resistencia
contra los diferentes colonizadores durante los dos últimos siglos y la influencia de la génesis
histórica y cultural, sigue dando forma a las opciones estratégicas de valores y orientaciones
dentro de la modernización actual de la enseñanza. Algunos casos importantes se han convertido
en clásicos, como cuando se pide a los alumnos que reaccionen éticamente ante los
acontecimientos históricos relativos a la destrucción de los judíos durante la Segunda Guerra
Mundial. Los alumnos manifiestan menos interés moral por aprender y simpatizar con las
víctimas y los supervivientes. Así pues, la práctica y la orientación de la educación moral
se ven desafiadas por la incapacidad de los alumnos para desarrollar una postura neutral de
argumentos morales humanitarios de valor universal. Este estudio expone la Génesis histórica
del espiritualismo cultural marroquí para poner de manifiesto cómo se estructuró la alteridad
a través del aprendizaje moral institucional tradicional. La falta de una ética humanitaria
auténtica se debe a la hegemonía de un espiritualismo moral institucionalizado en detrimento
de una psicología moral potenciadora de la ética multicultural. Por lo tanto, se sugiere un
modelo de imaginación moral para reabrir la ética humanitaria a través de la reconstrucción
y la ética del genocidio.Educació
Possible Reduction of Cardiac Risk after Supplementation with Epigallocatechin Gallate and Increase of Ketone Bodies in the Blood in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Get PDFMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes anthropometric changes characterised by functional disability, increase in fat mass, and decrease in lean mass. All these variables are related to a greater cardiac risk. The polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and an increase in ketone bodies in the blood have been shown to have beneficial effects on anthropometric and biochemical variables related to cardiovascular activity. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of the intervention with EGCG and ketone bodies on cardiac risk in MS patients. A population of 51 MS patients were randomly assigned to a control group and an intervention group (daily dose of 800 mg of EGCG and 60 mL of coconut oil). Both groups followed an isocaloric diet for 4 months. Levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), albumin, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum before and after the intervention, as well as determining functional ability, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat percentage and muscle percentage. After 4 months, in the intervention group there was a significant increase in BHB, PON1 and albumin, while CRP did not vary; a significant decrease in cardiac risk associated with a significant decline in WHR; as well as a significant increase in muscle percentage. By contrast, these changes were not observed in the control group. Finally, results from analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant time-condition interaction effect, observing that WHtR and fat mass decreased in the intervention group, while they increased in the control group.This work was supported by the Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir (grant number 2018-203-001).Medicin
M-Mode Ultrasound Behavior of Rectus Femoris and Vastus Intermedius during Contraction with Anthropometric Correlations: Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFThe quadriceps femoris muscle (QF) is of clinical importance since it has been correlated with pathologies at knee level, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, pain processes and complex clinical conditions. Among the variables that have been related to these clinical conditions are anthropometric measurements, architecture and muscular behavior of the QF. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VIM) muscles' behavior measured by rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) M-mode under maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and anthropometric measurements. This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Sixty-two asymptomatic volunteers were included (20.42 +/- 4.97 years, most women 59.7%). RUSI measurements were muscle contraction/rest thickness and contraction/relaxation velocity. Anthropometric measurements were, lower limb length, RF length, QF tendon length, distance between spines, proximal, middle and distal thigh perimeter. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between VIM thickness at rest and contraction with thigh perimetry, RF length and dominant lower limb length. For the RF, a correlation was found between the thickness at rest and the length of this muscle (p = 0.003). There is a correlation between anthropometric variables and muscular behavior measured by RUSI M-mode.Fisioterapi
Nutritional intake of patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in an ambulatory artificial nutrition clinic in Portugal
Get PDFIntroduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative pathology, which causes motor neuron death. It results in weight loss, loss of muscle mass and increased nutritional deficiencies. There is a link between nutritional intake and the pathogenesis of ALS. The aim of this analysis was to describe the sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinic characteristics as well as the nutritional intake in a sample of Portuguese ALS patients. Material and Methods: A brief clinical history was taken. Body weight was measured according to the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) and height was taken from the patient’s clinical record. A dietary-nutritional anamnesis and a dietary record were performed. Nutritional intake was analysed with the Nutrition and Health® software and compared with the dietary reference intakes (DRI). The nutritional adequacy index was consider below recommendations when it was ≤80%. Results: 13 patients (7 men) aged 53-83 years were analysed. 69.20% presented bulbar ALS. 54% were normal weight. All patients had dysphagia and dysarthria and 84.62% had constipation. Compared to the DRI, in both sexes, nutritional deficiency of fiber, vitamin D, E, B8, B9, calcium, magnesium and iodine was identified, accompanied by a nutritional excess of protein, lipids, saturated fatty acids and sodium. Conclusions: The finding of these nutritional deficiencies is relevant because the nutrients involved influence pathogenic mechanisms of ALS, because they are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and contribute to normal motor neuron function. Identified nutritional excesses are associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and increased risk of ALS. Further research in larger sample sizes are needed to contribute to the understanding of the associations between nutritional excess and deficiencies and risk of ALS development and/or progression.Introducción: La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) es una patología neurodegenerativa crónica y progresiva, que produce la muerte de las motoneuronas. Deriva en pérdida de peso, de masa muscular e
incremento de deficiencias nutricionales. Existe relación entre la ingesta nutricional y la patogénesis de
la ELA. El objetivo de este análisis fue describir las características sociodemográficas, antropométricas
y clínicas junto con la ingesta nutricional en una muestra de pacientes portugueses afectados de ELA.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó una anamnesis clínica breve. El peso corporal fue evaluado siguiendo
el protocolo de la International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) y la talla mediante
el expediente clínico del paciente. Se realizó una anamnesis dietético-nutricional y un registro dietético. La ingesta nutricional se analizó con el software Nutrición y Salud® y se comparó con las ingestas
dietéticas de referencia (IDR). El índice de adecuación nutricional se consideró inferior a las recomendaciones cuando fue ≤80%.
Resultados: Fueron analizados 13 pacientes (7 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 53-83
años. El 69,20% presentó ELA bulbar. Un 54% presentó normopeso. Todos los pacientes presentaron
disfagia y disartria y un 84,62% constipación. En comparación a las IDR, en ambos sexos, se identificó
deficiencia nutricional de fibra, vitamina D, E, B8, B9, calcio, magnesio y yodo, acompañado de un exceso nutricional de proteínas, lípidos, ácidos grasos saturados y sodio.
Conclusiones: El hallazgo de estas deficiencias nutricionales es relevante ya que los nutrientes involucrados influyen sobre los mecanismos patogénicos de la ELA, porque son antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios y contribuyen al normal funcionamiento de las motoneuronas. Los excesos nutricionales identificados se relacionan con estrés oxidativo, inflamación y mayor riesgo de ELA. Son necesarios más estudios
en muestras de mayor tamaño para contribuir a la comprensión de la relación entre las carencias y
excesos nutricionales y el riesgo de desarrollo y/o progresión de la enfermedad.Nutrición humana y dietétic
InterMEL: An international biorepository and clinical database to uncover predictors of survival in early-stage melanoma
Get PDFWe are conducting a multicenter study to identify classifiers predictive of disease-specific
survival in patients with primary melanomas. Here we delineate the unique aspects, challenges, and best practices for optimizing a study of generally small-sized pigmented tumor
samples including primary melanomas of at least 1.05mm from AJTCC TNM stage IIA-IIID
patients. We also evaluated tissue-derived predictors of extracted nucleic acids’ quality and
success in downstream testing. This ongoing study will target 1,000 melanomas within the
international InterMEL consortium.Medicin
Can we talk about God? Saint Thomas Aquinas and human language
No full textEl autor del artículo plantea una serie de preguntas sobre el lenguaje humano y su capacidad de “expresar a Dios”, analizando para ello el pensamiento de santo Tomás de Aquino: ¿Hay alguna manera de saber lo que el mismo Aquinate piensa sobre la capacidad del lenguaje para trasmitir o describir la realidad misma de Dios?; si el instrumento del predicador, del profesor y del escritor es el lenguaje, ¿qué opina el propio Tomás sobre este instrumento, el lenguaje, para poder decir verdaderamente algo sobre Dios? De esta manera, al autor se adentra en el estudio de esta apasionante cuestión en distintas obras del Angélico; estudio que culmina con la consideración de la univocidad, equivocidad y analogía a la hora de hablar de Dios.The author of the article poses a series of questions about human language and its capacity to “express God”, ana-lysing the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas: Is there any way of knowing what Aquinas himself thinks about the capacity of language to transmit or describe the very reality of God; if the instrument of the preacher, the teacher and the writer is language, what does Thomas himself think about this instrument, language, in order to be able to truly say something about God? In this way, the author delves into the study of this exciting question in different works of the Angelic; a study that culminates in the consideration of univocity, equivocity and analogy when speaking about God.Religió
Variation in Chromatic Part-Part Metonymies in Spanish and English: A Contrastive Study
Get PDFEl artículo expone el análisis de la variación de las proyecciones metonímicas de tipo
PARTE POR PARTE que presentan el dominio color como fuente en español e inglés
con el objetivo de determinar las similitudes y las diferencias que presentan estas
lenguas de acuerdo con tres criterios: (i) el grado de elaboración conceptual, (ii) la
existencia de proyecciones metonímicas comunes y particulares de cada lengua y (iii) el
grado de convencionalidad lingüística que presentan. Los datos revelan que existen
similitudes entre las lenguas estudiadas con respecto al comportamiento de las
proyecciones metonímicas en un nivel básico de jerarquización y que las diferencias se
presentan en proyecciones metonímicas pertenecientes a niveles bajos de
jerarquización.The paper presents the analysis of the variation of PART FOR PART metonymies that
present color domain as source in Spanish and English in order to determine the
similarities and differences that they exhibit according to three criteria: (i) the degree of
conceptual elaboration, (ii) the existence of common and particular metonymic
projections of the two languages under analysis, and (iii) the degree of linguistic
conventionality they present. The study reveals that there are similarities among Spanish
and English in relation to the behavior of metonymic projections at a basic-level of
hierarchy and that the differences occur in metonymies belonging to low-levels of
hierarchy.Educació
Quality-oriented human resource practices (QHRP), ambidextrous culture and organizational ambidexterity: a study of green agro-food companies
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of quality-oriented human resource practices
(QHRP) on organizational ambidexterity. Furthermore, the mediating role of ambidextrous culture in the
relationship between QHRP and organizational ambidexterity was assessed.Economí
Genesis of clinical and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows
Get PDFUp to half of dairy cows may develop one or more types of reproductive tract inflammatory disease within 5 weeks after
calving. Clinical endometritis (CE) results from uterine bacterial dysbiosis with increased relative abundance of pathogenic
bacteria associated with luminal epithelial damage. These bacteria cause endometrial stromal cell lysis, followed by massive
polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration, and pyogenesis. CE is defined as endometrial inflammation accompanied
by purulent discharge. Purulent discharge is not always accompanied by uterine inflammation (being (rarely) vaginitis or
(commonly) cervicitis), hence referred to as purulent vaginal discharge (PVD). Subclinical endometritis (SCE) is an
asymptomatic uterine disease defined by a threshold of PMN on cytology that is associated with worse reproductive
performance; it has not been linked with bacterial dysbiosis. Current evidence suggests that SCE is a result of metabolic and
inflammatory dysfunction that impairs innate immune function and the ability of endometrial PMN to undergo apoptosis,
necrosis, and ultimately achieve resolution of inflammation. CE and SCE are diagnosed between 3 and 5 weeks postpartum
and commonly overlap, but they are considered distinct manifestations of reproductive tract inflammatory disease. This
review addresses the genesis of CE and SCE in postpartum dairy cows considering metabolic stress, innate immune
dysfunction, and shifts in the composition of the uterine microbiota.Veterinari