NUPI Research Online (Norwegian Institute of International Affairs)
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Brunei Darussalam: How to Build an Investment Climate for Renewable Energy?
Get PDFBrunei Darussalam has yet to make major progress in renewable energy and become an attractive destination for investors. Only 0.05% of Brunei’s electricity came from renewable energy sources, while 99.95% was based on fossil fuels. In 2014, the country set a renewable energy target of 10% in the power generation mix by 2035. To reach the target, it needs to increase the share of renewables by 0.66% every year from 2020 to 2035. The country still needs to adopt a regulatory regime to scale up the development of renewable energy, particularly solar energy, which is more abundant than wind energy. We propose five actions to build the investment climate for renewable energy in Brunei Darussalam: prioritise renewable energy in the governance system; adopt and implement key legislation; mobilise domestic investors; improve market entry for foreign investors; join IRENA and expand capacity building.This policy brief is a product of the ASEAN Climate Change and Energy Project (ACCEPT) ACCEPT is funded by the Norwegian Government under the Norwegian-ASEAN Regional Integration Programme (NARIP) and is jointly implemented by the ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) and the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI).publishedVersio
The Far Right Honeytrap: Georgian Media and the Mediagenic Far Right
Get PDFThe recent wave of far-right mobilization across the globe, including Georgia, naturally attracts wide media attention. Although the interrelation of the media and the far right, especially in the Georgian context, remains under-researched, evidence from other countries shows the potential impact of media coverage on both public opinion, i.e. the demand for the far right, and the consolidation of far-right actors, i.e. the supply of the far right. This policy paper examines the possible role the Georgian media can play in far-right mobilization and provides recommendations for both media and civil society organizations.publishedVersio
Putin’s Ancien Régime
Get PDFAfter 20 years with Vladimir Putin in power, Putin’s Russia is becoming an ancien régime. The gap between Russia’s aspirations for a significant global role, and its ability and capacity to sustain such a role (always a challenge for Russia’ rulers), is now growing. Putin has not learned from history and from his predecessors. Russia continues to try to punch above its weight, with attempts to destabilize by creating new geopolitical “realities,” as in the case of Crimea. At home, the population is dissatisfied, and the regime is under pressure to come up with new solutions to old problems.publishedVersio
Norges handelsforhandlinger med EU gjennom 50 år: Sakskoblinger og forhandlingsmakt
Get PDFKapitlet gir en historisk oversikt over Norges handelsforhandlinger med EU fra 1973 og fram til i dag, med særlig vekt på utfallet for sjømatnæringen. Rundt 1990 ga EFTA forhandlingsmakt til tross for ulike næringsinteresser. EØS-forhandlingene var i 1991 preget av sakskoblinger der mange felter var i spill, og det ble oppnådd betydelige tollreduksjoner for sjømat. Senere har forhandlingene vært adskilt i parallelle spor med svake sakskoblinger. Norge har med redusert forhandlingsmakt blitt presset til stadig økning i EØS-midlene, men frihandel for fisk er aldri oppnådd selv om betydelige tollkvoter er gitt som kompensasjon for tidligere frihandelsavtaler med nye EU-medlemsland.Norges handelsforhandlinger med EU gjennom 50 år: Sakskoblinger og forhandlingsmaktpublishedVersio
Holdninger til utenlandske investeringer fra Kina i de nordiske land
Get PDFHva er holdningene i de nordiske landene til utenlandske investeringer? Spiller det noen rolle for befolkningen hvor de utenlandske investeringene kommer fra? Er man mer skeptisk til utenlandske investeringer innenfor noen sektorer av økonomien, mens man er mindre skeptisk til utenlandske investeringer innenfor andre sektorer? Dette essayet presenterer resultatene fra en omfattende spørreundersøkelse blant befolkningene i alle de nordiske landene.publishedVersio
Sharing the Spoils: Winners and Losers in the Belt and Road Initiative in Myanmar
Get PDFThis article studies the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on economic actors in Myanmar. It hypothesizes that the BRI has strong transformative potential, because Chinese projects are likely to transform Myanmar’s economy on different scales and influence the allocation of economic benefits and losses for different actors. The study identifies economic actors in Myanmar who are likely to be most affected by BRI projects. It also discusses how BRI-related investments could affect the country’s complex conflict dynamics. The article concludes with policy recommendations for decision makers in Myanmar, China, and the international community for mitigating the BRI’s possible negative impacts. The analysis draws on secondary sources and primary data collection in the form of interviews with key actors in Hsipaw, Lashio, and Yangon, involved with and informed about the BRI in Myanmar at the local, regional, and national levels.publishedVersio
Norwegians adapting to a changing world
Get PDFThe world as we have come to know it is changing. Some of the core principles of the rules-based liberal international order are being challenged. The established truths and practices that we have based our foreign policies on are put into question. How do Norwegians respond to these changes? What are their views of Norwegian foreign policy? Just before the Corona crisis hit Norway, NUPI conducted an opinion poll in the Norwegian population asking about foreign and security policy. The answers we got tell the story of a people adapting reluctantly to international change.Read the full report here.This report and the survey it presents is financed by the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung.publishedVersio
Russia and Europe in memory wars
Get PDFRussia and Europe are in a state of memory war. How did this come about? Is there a way out of this situation? In order to answer these questions, this report enquires into the dynamics of memory politics in Europe, and then takes a closer look at Russian memory politics.publishedVersio
Offensive cyberoperasjoner: Den nye normalen?
Get PDFKan stater gå til motangrep om de blir angrepet digitalt i fredstid? Hva gjør toneangivende land, og hva sier internasjonal rett og normer om dette? Og hva kan de sikkerhetspolitiske konsekvensene bli av økt bruk av offensive cyberoperasjoner? Denne ar-tikkelen diskuterer denne sikkerhetspolitiske utviklin-gen i kombinasjon med en analyse av det relevante internasjonale rettslige rammeverket. Artikkelen be-gynner med en redegjørelse av USAs nye tilnærming til offensive operasjoner, knytte til de to begrepene “persistent engagement” og “defend forward”. Deret-ter følger en kort case-studie på Norges tilnærming til offensive cyber operasjoner, noe som bringer oss til “Responsibility of States of International Wrongful Acts”-lovverket, som er det mest relevante med tanke på offensive cyberangrep utenom væpnet konflikt. Artikkelen avsluttes med en diskusjon av dilemmaer i skjøringspunktet sikkerhetspolitikk og folkerettpublishedVersio