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A Glacier Memorial
No full textEmotion exists from the vast geographical landscape to the small architectural details. It is not only about a view but also about a space-time experience and imagination. The diploma is to design a Glacier Memorial to commemorate the lost glaciers.
A building of 1000 years
To match the profoundness and vast dimension of glaciers, a building of 1000 years is proposed. This not only means that the building can exist for 1000 years, but is also about the spacial quality, the fundamental tectonics, and the imagination.
Stone and glass
Stones from the site are used as aggregate and fill in concrete to form large blocks. Glass is cast into channels and plates. Both materials are persistent and constructed in a fundamental way. Rather than simply imitate the glacier, the building generates emotions related to the glaciers in an abstract and empathy way.submittedVersio
Take Off Badeanlegg
No full textTake Off badeanlegg er en svømmehall ytterst på Storøyodden, plassert i aksen til det som er igjen av hovedrullebanen på Fornebu. I 2019 var det 86 mennesker som døde som resultat av drukning i Norge. Take Off badeanlegg forbereder de som ikke kan svømme og de som er usikre på svømmedyktigheten sin, til å bevege seg ut i havet. Jeg henter inspirasjon fra da jeg jobbet som badevakt ved ulike svømmehaller i perioden 2015 - 2019 med tanke på program og sikkerhet.
Anlegget er åpent hele året, hvor jeg har jobbet med forholdet mellom tre soner: bading inne, bading i utebasseng og bading i sjø. En sauna ved utebassenget knytter sjø og anlegget sammen.
Med anlegget ønsker jeg å bidra til å dekke et behov for svømmeanlegg i Oslo og Viken, samt trekke historiske referanser til et området hvor mye av historien har blitt hvisket ut. Fra 1939 - 1998 var Oslo Lufthavn Fornebu Norges hovedflyplass, og ved det Norges vindu til resten av verden. Take Off Badeanlegg ligger i aksen til hovedrullebanen med fokus på svømmeopplæring. Bassengene er tilpasset de besøkenes svømmedyktighet desto lenger de kommer mot sjøen. Her kan de besøkende ta av mot sjøen som flyene en gang tok av mot verden.
Med den nye Fornebubanen som knytter Fornebu til Oslo, vil det være mye enklere å reise inn og ut av byen. Jeg ser også for meg at mangel på flere badeanlegg i Oslo vil trekke flere mennesker mot Fornebu. I tillegg gir utbyggingen av Fornebu over 15000 nye boliger og 6000 nye arbeidsplasser.
ARKITEKTONISK TILNÆRMING
Gjennom min prosess har jeg jobbet med fem hovedpunkter som har vært viktig i prosjektet.
OPPLÆRING
Jeg fokuserer på selve svømmeopplæringen, hvor vi har et terapibasseng som er trukket litt tilbake på 34C, deretter et innebasseng på tradisjonelle 25 x 12,5m, og i siste del av anlegget, nærmest sjøen har vi et inne- og utebasseng, hvor det er mulig å svømme gjennom en sluse til utebassenget. Til slutt har vi sjøen, som er synlig i aksen til den gamle rullebanen. Jeg oppfordrer til en vandring fra sjø og opp til anlegget og fra anleggget og ned til sjøen.
SIKKERHET
Fra min erfaring som badevakt er det viktig å holde vaktbu og resepsjon i nærheten av hverandre, slik at ansatte enkelt kan rullere på oppgavene og kommunisere med hverandre. Vaktbuen er plassert slik at de ansatte har god sikt mot alle basseng. Vaktbuen er en del av den tørre sonen og benytter seg av samme ventilasjonsanlegg som resepsjonen. Det er viktig å holde tørre og våte soner adskilt, så de ansatte ikke trenger å bli eksponert for klor mer enn nødvendig. Besøkende som ikke ønsker å bade, men venter på barna sine eller andre bekjente, har utsikt mot bassenget fra resepsjonen, men også fra tribunen i 2 etg. Jeg tror at vi enkelt kan bli stresset hvis vi ikke vet hvor ting er. Derfor har jeg jobbet mye med innsyn og utsyn fra bassenget, samt en takhøyde hvor de besøkende føler at de kan puste. Den tørre og våte sonen markerer også grensen på hvor støyet går. Ved tørr sone er det mer stille enn ved våt sone.
ET HISTORISK OMRÅDE
Takvinduer og lys inne i vinduene ved kveldstid gjenspeiler slik tuppen av hovedrullebanen så ut før dens rivning. Her kan besøkende få vandre i en historisk akse. Aksen mot sjøen er beholdt i de fleste funksjoner, hvor besøkende har utsikt mot sjøen både i 1 og 2 etg, men også ved bruk av saunaen ute.
FORHOLD TIL SJØ, NATUR OG UTSIKT
Bygget er trukket tilbake mot det som er igjen av rullebanen. Dette for å ikke kaste skygge over de allerede eksisterende bade-områdene, men også for å hedre et historisk minnesmerke som ofte blir oversatt. De besøkende kan benytte seg av svømmehallen og ha utsikt ned mot sjøen. Anlegget ligger i buffersonen mellom to naturreservater, med skog på begge sider. Flerbrukstaket gir besøkende mulighet til å vandre opp på taket, uavhengig av kjøp av billett, og få panoramautsikt mot sjøen.
MATERIALER
Hovedkonstruksjonen er av limtre. Halen på flerbrukstaket har gress som inviterer til vandring og tilpasser seg landskapet. Lys marmor gir anlegget på toppen av taket og ved inngangspartiet et monolittisk preg. Store vinduer slipper inn godt med lys, og motoriserte persienner på utsiden av vinduene fungerer som solavskjerming ved behov.submittedVersio
Kjelvene Student Housing
No full textOur home is something that surrounds daily. Its qualities affect us broadly, but their realization is conditioned by economic and spatial restrictions.
I’ve looked into housing quality and urban density, and how to combine these ambitions. I’ve explored these ambitions through student housing; aiming to combine high density with high quality housing.
The project is named Kjelvene Student Housing, located in the city centre of Stavanger. Kjelvene Student Housing is constructed from timber, consisting of 48 units with shared facilities. The ground floor is public; a social meeting place, either if you wish to enjoy your coffee while studying or while doing laundry.submittedVersio
The Cultivation Gardens of Ringerike
Get PDFThe project engages with the geographic area of the clayland valley of Ringerike-Hole to reframe its narrative and revalorise the valley. Ringerrike-Hole is located on a plateau behind the Oslo volcano belt, a sparely inhabited machine-operated landscape valuable in terms of agriculture, forestry and hydropower. The valley is characterised by its marine clays, surrounding gneiss mountains, meandering rivers, and vast and softly sloping agricultural fields. Village clusters populate the slopes and river islands. Hill-top churches, ancient ruins and burial mounds shape the cultural landscape. Meanwhile, sunken birch swamps, acres of salad, groves of apples and magnificent long forested ridges inundate the landscape with typologies of green.
The project uses the Gudbrandsdalen Pilgrim’s Route, established in the 11th century, which runs through the valley on its way to Nidaros cathedral in Trondheim, to catalyse a sequence of rural projects. The regenerative gardens engage with local farming conditions related to agricultural run-off, soil preservation and biodiversity whilst accumulating in the pilgrim experience - to have a drink, breakfast, rest and contemplate.
Indeed, the project suggests that national and global initiatives like the Pilgrim’s Route can exceed their programmatic goals, transcending project boundaries to inspire landscape improvement and celebration. It is a response to the current conflicting pressures of urbanisation through the expansion of the greater Oslo region. Moreover, the more prevalent exhaustive agricultural practices deplete local soil and water conditions, whilst compromising scale, identity and history within the valley.
The diploma approaches the valley with a variety of methods:
- tracing historical cartography, aerial imagery and mapping patterns
- walks, photography and documentation of site atmospheres, materiality and spatiality
- creating abstractions and translations of spatial conditions on site with sketch and print
- using formal and material site findings by adapting abstractions onto three sites
- volumetric foam models to inform space, planting and usage
The project works primarily on two scales: by proposing a guiding image to describe the territorial patterns as characters in the valley with specific ecological and spatial qualities. The project identifies five characters to point out landscape entities that should be preserved and developed for the valley to become more biodiverse and water-sensitive: the Limestone veil, the Mosaic island, the Meander ghosts, the Ravine hem and the Rippling terraces.
The second scale addresses the spatial qualities of each territorial character. From the Limestone Veil, the Mosaic Island and the Meander Ghosts, the roughness of the limestone, multiplicity of fences and birch thickets are reinterpreted through print-making. These conditions are then used to inform the atmospheres of the gardens themselves, the first three encounters of the pilgrim’s way.
The Limestone Veil - Ridge Garden
Intense internal folding of the Cambo-Silurian limestone bedrock has created chains of forested cuestas on the vast valley plains. Transplanting patterns of the layered limestone, the experience of passing through these occasionally opening and obscuring formations is intensified by a repeating the forest ridge typology. The first intervention underlines the direction of the forest ridges and the exposed stratified rock, by restoring a creek running parallel to the cuestas.
Aligned with existing forest edges and drainage falls, the Ridge Garden trades off a grain field edge in exchange for treating the local agricultural run-off. The process of the folding bedrock appears in the garden at a variety of heights - water, planters, canopies, limestone retaining walls and blocks to walk along, a trout to lead drinkable water to the pilgrim.
The Mosaic Island - Linear Fruiticum
Located on an undulating chalky half-island, the Pilgrim’s Route passes cultural heritage site Røysehalvøya. A mosaic of varied shaped and sized fields for fruit, vegetable and crops, the dense web of plotlines accomodate ravines and cobbly hills whilst imposing onto the gentler slopes. Lines of ownership and order are central in shaping the spatial experience of agricultural areas, however, widespread land consolidation due to improved farming machinery and pressure to produce food more effectively have caused a disappearance of visible field boundaries, hedges, ditches, tree alleys and embankments.
The project restores the visibility of plot lines by reconstructing field margins, hedges and tree corridors, thus reintroducing a soft networks for water, people and species. The experience of passing through a mosaic of partially enclosed rooms is intensified on a sunny slope with the second encounter on the pilgrim’s way, the Linear Fruiticum. This garden invites one to pick from a network of fruit trees and berry bushes planted around clover fields, accumulating in the Fruiticum plaza - a pitstop to enjoy the picked fruits in, an agora for locals to experience the spring blossom or autumn harvest.
The Meander Ghosts - Reedy Bends
Slow and powerful, Storelva erodes and deposits onto a soft bed of river clays occupied by farms, fields and wetlands. As the river continues to meander, its ‘ghosts’ manifest in small river hooks, river terraces, radial flood patterns. Though 25% of the delta is occupied by farmland, the infiltration capacity of the dense clay is poorly benefited. Therefore, by following the flood patterns of a vast field next to Helgeland’s village, the cultivation patterns on a convex field bend into a sanctuary of marsh beds, garden meadows and raised platforms.
Integrated into today’s bright green and deep purple lines of cabbages, the Reedy Bends will collect and hold water which today floods and destroys. The repeating radial bends amplify and draw attention to the deep-time movement. High grasses offer a place of seclusion and contemplation for the pilgrim.
Conclusion
As the population of Ringerike-Hole is predicted to increase from 30,000 to 40,000 by 2030, and sprawling urbanisation threatens soil health, local ecosystems and renders new neighbourhoods similar, the project stresses that landscape patterns hold the strength to organise and inspire unexpected spatial conditions. The project extracts material from the site and utilizes extensive research to conceive a strategic landscape project. In developing the method of collection, abstraction, transplant, and translation models and drawings become sequential parts of an iterative process, thus making the process the project.submittedVersio
The Banwan Project, From Experiment to Model?
Get PDFRural policies are given priority in China, and governmental and regional funding is allocated to the countryside. Chinese villages are being transformed as a partof the urbanization and modernization process as societies, habitats, and architecture. This Ph.D. research is based on a case study of Banwan village in Guizhou province and is part of a joint program between the Oslo School of Architecture and Design and the Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing – “Rural China – the Villages” – the program focusing on case studies of the current challenges and development strategies for Chinese villages.
The rural transformation process is evolving in different ways all over the Chinese countryside, also in the remote parts of the country, albeit often in a less controlled way. The process of modernization through governmental and regional policies places a great deal of pressure on traditional societies, their social organization, and their way of production. Established village structures that are based on historyically -and ethnically founded principles for morphological organization, building typology, and iconography are gradually being transformed or abandoned.
Banwan village is part of a traditional habitat for the Bouyei minority. Beginning in 2016, I participated in and later observed a development project aimed at improving the living conditions in the village within the framework of Bouyei traditions and in the context of rapid urbanization. The village renovation was initiated and funded by government resources distributed to the local government. The project was planned and carried out by Professor Lyu Pinjing from the Central Academy of Arts (CAFA) in Beijing with the help of his architectural studio. CAFA provided academic support to the project and chose the Banwan village as a research subject for architectural education and academic knowledge seeking. The project received support from and was documented by Shanghai Dragon TV. Additional funds were also donated privately for the extension and renovation of the local school.
My role in the project was that of resident designer –I participated throughout the entire design and construction process – as well as that of an observer who recorded the impact of the project on the settlement and the lives of households in the post-construction phase. After having been selected as the case for my thesis, I investigated the process, the project, and the outputs as a researcher performing relevant analysis and evaluation. While the multiple identities gave rise to methodological challenges, they enabled me to access more detailed data and informal and “hidden” activities. By working in this way, I sought to understand the reasons for and the significance of each endeavor within the project and grasp the strategies and tactics employed by stakeholders in the specific situations that emerged during the working process.
The thesis discusses the environmental, spatial, morphological, and more specific architectural challenges and changes in the village and their effects on the local way of life. The intention is to (1) give an understanding of the traditional relationship between the socio-cultural and physical environment in Banwan and (2) to study the challenges and potentials established by the Chinese urbanization and modernization process by investigating the effects in the region of Guizhou, (3) to observe and evaluate the physical and social transformation process in Banwan, parallel to the renovation work and beyond, and (4) to discuss how the recent development project has affected the local situation, what the outcomes are, and what might be learned from this pilot project.
The study intends to establish a discourse on how a traditional agricultural village in a remote part of China populated by an ethnic minority might adapt to urbanization without losing itself culturally, architecturally, and economically. This is achieved by following two intersecting lines of study: investigating strategies for rural China and drawing lessons from the implementation of the Banwan project. The investigation strategies used in rural China, particularly those that have been implemented in the poor Guizhou region, help to understand the relationship between current Chinese rural development policies, rural challenges, and selected development strategies. The investigation provides a broader context for evaluating the specific Banwan project strategy. The second line of investigation – and the main part of this Ph.D. thesis – draws lessons from the ideas behind the Banwan project, the planning of the project, the implementation, and the activities after the project was terminated and the project organization no longer supported the development.
The thesis refers to a broad field of research concerning the restructuring and transformation of rural areas in China. An analytical discussion is established on what I consider to be the three overlapping stages of development: tradition, the local effects of Chinese modernization and urbanization policies in recent decades, and the outcomes and effects of the current development project. The study of place, physical structure, and architecture is inspired by a morphological tradition in urban and architectural research and is based on field investigation and mapping. Studies of the socio-spatial transformation process are based on in situ observations, interviews, and documents from the process.
The Banwan project was an experiment in what I have termed expert architect led rural renovation. The thesis outlines the characteristics of this model, evaluating ideas, organization, process, and outcome, to explore the question of whether the Banwan experience indicates a new model for village renovation in China.
The thesis indicates that the expert architects, deeply involved in the rural renovation, adapted to the conventional role of the architect in terms of attitudes, skills, and working methods. The way of organizing the project gave the architect a unique role in influencing both process and outcomes, but the participative process also allowed the expert architects to understand the community and identify collective and individual demands. The main findings are that the project worked as a well-planned architectural renovation of the village. While the process of participation was active and elaborate and influenced both program and outcome, it would have benefitted from a better-organized and stronger local leadership and from a more multidisciplinary team taking part in the process. Some unintended effects were witnessed, mostly related to the management of projects for industrial development based on handicrafts and post-implementation actions initiated by the local government. A major challenge for the project proved to be a lack of capacity at the local level of government and constraints in the institutional mechanisms that handled the development process. A possible role was noted for academic institutes in rural renovation: universities and academies could function as a supportive resource in village development, and a mutually beneficial relationship between villages and academic institutions shows interesting potential.
The thesis also indicates that choosing a Banwan model requires several conditions and deliberate consideration of the site selection. The model applies to a situation where villagers are willing to impart indigenous knowledge to the development project. The model requires an environment where local government can provide substantial political and financial support. Strong community capacity and local organization are required to achieve project objectives and sustainable improvements. Furthermore, the model is best suited for villages demonstrating historical and architectural qualities and where this resource might be used as an industrial advantage.
Referring to the lessons learned, the thesis proposes that several adaptations should be made for the Banwan expert/architect strategy to stand out and work as a possible model in specific situations. Although the Banwan project was well planned, more extensive discussions about the development programs are needed before initiating actions. Prior to the project initiation, there will be a need to strengthen the local organization and prepare locals for what is to come. The local government’s capacity to lead and manage a project of this kind in terms of role, responsibility, organization, and policies should also be prepared before the project is started. Evaluations of social effects on the village and the different families are needed as an integrated part of the process. For the Banwan model to work, an effective project management system is required to give the community better control over the decisions being made. Actions for organizational and individual capacity building in the village are needed to ensure effective project management. Another lesson from Banwan is that a multidisciplinary team might be required to address various complex issues raised during the development program. In order to solve potential conflicts during the planning and construction process, formal mechanisms need to be established. Major findings are that the project’s time span must be longer than the Banwan project period to access the strategy’s full effects and that preparations or post-construction management of what is achieved and future potentials should be given priority in the project.publishedVersio
Factory-made : the everyday architecture of Moelven brug, 1955-1973
No full textWhile architectural histories of post-war Norway tend to focus on the work of select signature architects, the role of construction companies and industrial producers in shaping the built environment has remained largely overlooked. This PhD project aims to fill this gap by studying the prolific building output of Moelven Brug—a Norwegian timber prefabrication company that, between 1955 and 1973, built schools, large housing developments and public buildings across the country. In order to meet the growing demand posed by the rapidly urbanising Norwegian state, and to do so cheaply, the company developed a highly-mechanised production apparatus. Over time, Moelven’s prefabricated products were incorporated by architects into a wide range of projects. Through the lens of a single company, the thesis explores the tripartite convergence between architectural discourse, pragmatic concerns of industrial production and bureaucratic institutions of the Norwegian welfare state. Approaching the company in its entirety, it examines aspects ranging from managerial organisation and labour relations to technological import and details of construction. In doing so, the thesis ventures into the socioeconomic “hinterlands,” offering an architectural history of a different post-war Norwegian modernity created by construction companies, managers, engineers, contractors, state regulators, politicians, local planners and architects. Testing the limits of the discipline, this PhD proposes a new methodology to study architecture beyond the accepted canon, bringing forward names and projects that have hitherto been overlooked.publishedVersio
Applied Aesthetics, on the Visceral Level of Design
No full textWhat is aesthetics, and what are the consequences of an aesthetic impression on the human mind? Do we judge what we find attractive differently? -As a designer I really want to know.
Through a research by design approach, this Industrial Design diploma explores the concept of aesthetics as a subjective and emotional experience, created by our perception. At the heart of the project is an experiment, based on the hypothesis of that: “A products aesthetic impression affect how we judge its quality and/or functionality”
The workshop experiment was carried out at Teknisk Museum in Oslo. The workshop involved three speakers that acted as probes to test the hypothesis. The speakers were intentionally designed to be perceived as unattractive (speaker A), generic (speaker B) and radical (speaker C).
40 respondents participated in the workshop. The respondents were asked to user test three seemingly different speakers. After listening to music from each of them, the responded rated each of the speaker on aesthetic appeal and sound quality, on a scale from one to three.
What the users didn’t know, is that the “speakers” were empty models. The music they listen to came from another speaker installed inside of each pedestal. The three pedestals contained the same type of speaker, objectively their sound quality was the same.
The results of the workshop showed correlation between the variables: aesthetic impression and perceived sound quality. The hypothesis was confirmed. The results also demonstrate how, despite of aesthetic being a subjective matter, we agree in our judgement on what we find attractive and unattractive.submittedVersio
Living in the City
No full textThe concept of duality is recognized to be relevant today, when complex and contradictory
situations pose no simple solutions. Duality is referred to as the quality or state of having two different
or opposite parts or elements.
The project discusses an abandoned site by the train lines in Oslo; Gamlebyen, intentionally generated
through the application of the concept of duality; old/new, public/private, street/yard. The topic of
duality is especially relevant for the design of residential spaces in urban areas, as time comes present
throughout the growth of cities and aging buildings.
This diploma finalizes in a residential building presenting dualities that can be lived and experienced in
daily life by its residence and visitor of the public. The building is an inter-play and tension of contradictions
and oppositions.submittedVersio
Performative Landscape - exploring the dynamic and temporal
Get PDFPerformative landscape, named to describe landscape’s ability of adaptation, is a diploma project dealing with the dynamic and temporal conditions of precarious landscape events. The project aims to explore adaptation and risk mitigating strategies for flooding in riverways using landscape design and data driven simulations to inform design decisions and processes in the site of Kvinesdal in southern Norway. The focus of the project are landscape strategies that aim to rethink how the urban fabric addresses water, as well as challenge the idea that rivers and streams are bound to the limits of urbanity.
Urban centric approaches to landscape and extreme weather have made devastating flooding events more common and destructive. In the past decade northern Europe has seen the recurrence of flood events increase significantly. The diploma project seeks to approach the challenges of flood risk landscapes through a topographical lens, informed by data to access these relationships. This topographical eye starts at the watersheds of the Norwegian landscape and zooms into the morphology of the riverbed, to understands and explore the dynamics of water and ground.
The site of Kvinesdal was chosen for the diploma project due to a combination of factors. In 2015 weather storm Synne caused flooding throughout the region, catapulting efforts of preparation, development of technology, and design of a more resilient landscape to flood. This resulted not only in securing central government funding for flood safety, but also an expansion in the data collection from the waterways in the region.
Hence, the project aims at testing three strategies with the ambition of testing the possibilities that could arise when the conventional anthropocentric relationship between water and urban form are questioned.submittedVersio