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What are desirable biosecurity trainings for veterinary practitioners and farmers?
No full textEffective biosecurity training is essential for disease prevention in livestock systems; however, substantial gaps persist. We combined an online survey (74 fully completed questionnaires; 267 views) with two World Café workshops (∼60 participants) to map the current provision, competence levels, and training needs across Europe. Key findings: (i) self-rated biosecurity knowledge differed markedly between stakeholder groups and veterinarians and other stakeholders reported median scores close to 80/100; (ii) more than three-quarters of cattle (77 %) and 70 % of swine veterinarians perceived a major gap in their ability to demonstrate the economic benefits of biosecurity to clients; (iii) 39 – 44 % of cattle and small-ruminant veterinarians reported inadequate mixed (theory + practice) training formats, and up to 50 % of poultry veterinarians identified deficits in communication and behavior-change skills; (iv) across all discussions, participants favored modular, blended delivery that couples concise e-learning with on-farm coaching, supported by externally audited certification and greater farmer co-design. Therefore, recommendations focus on developing species-specific, flexible modules that embed communication and cost-benefit elements, provide micro-learning units for time-constrained farmers, and operate within a tiered certification framework linked to continuing professional development. Implementing these measures will narrow competence gaps, strengthen veterinarian–farmer engagement, and enhance disease preparedness throughout European livestock production. © 2025 KeAi Communications Co., LtdEstonian University of Life SciencesEesti Maaülikool, EMUAristotle University of ThessalonikiAristotle University of ThessalonikiHandan HilalEuropean Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST, (CA20103)European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COS
The Level of Knowledge of Organ Transplantation and Attitudes Toward Organ Donation of Carers of Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
No full textPurpose: Renal transplantation is the most effective treatment method for chronic renal failure and helps improve the quality of life of patients and caregivers.In the present study, the purpose was to determine the knowledge level of the primary caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment about organ transplantation and their attitudes toward organ donation.Method: The study was conducted in a descriptive fashion with the relatives of 71 patients who were receiving treatment in the hemodialysis unit for the end-stage renal failure of a state hospital between 01.08.2022 and 15.10.2022. The data of the study were collected face to face with a questionnaire form, Organ Donation Attitude Scale, and Organ Tissue Donation and Transplantation Information Scale. The SPSS 24 package program was used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, numbers, percentages, and mean values were used in the analysis of the data. The One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used to evaluate the homogeneity of the data. The Studentt test, the One-Way Analysis of Variance, the Kruskal-Wallis Test, and the Tukey Post-Hoc Test were used for the analysis between the groups. Statistical significance was taken as p < .05.Results: The benevolence and moral values/beliefs sub-dimension score average of the participants was found to be 98.44 +/- 14.61, the fear of medical neglect was 32.10 +/- 10.09, and the mean bodily injury sub-dimension score was 30.45 +/- 11.28. It was also found that the mean score of the Organ-Tissue Donation and Transplant Information Scale was 11.41 +/- 2.59. A statistically significant and negative relationship was detected between the participants' medical neglect and bodily injury attitudes and the Organ-Tissue Donation and Transplant Information Scale score averages (p < .05).Conclusion and Suggestions: As a result, it was found that the positive attitudes of the caregivers of individuals receiving hemodialysis treatment about organ donation were at a good level, and as the level of organ transplantation knowledge increased, negative attitudes towards organ donation decreased. In this context, it can be suggested that healthcare professionals provide training on organ transplantation and donation to the relatives of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment.Researchers would like to thank all nurses that participated in the study.Researchers would like to thank all nurses that participated in the study
Production and quality determination of peanut milk jam
No full textBu çalışmada, inek sütü ve farklı işleme yöntemlerinden (çiğ, haşlanmış, kavrulmuş) geçirilmiş yer fıstığı sütleri kullanılarak üretilen süt reçellerinin bileşim, renk, mineral madde, uçucu bileşikler, duyusal ve reolojik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, süt türü ve işleme yöntemlerinin ürünlerin kalite özelliklerini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermektedir. İnek sütü reçelleri yüksek protein ve karbonhidrat içerikleriyle besleyici özellik sunarken, yer fıstığı sütü reçelleri daha yüksek yağ ve enerji değerlerine sahiptir. Kavrulmuş yer fıstığı sütü reçellerinde renk daha koyu ve aroma daha zengin olmuştur. Yer fıstığı sütü bazlı reçellerin mineral içeriği, inek sütü bazlı reçellerle karşılaştırıldığında bazı farklılıklar göstermektedir, ancak genel olarak yer fıstığı sütü reçellerinin mineral içerikleri inek sütü reçellerinden daha düşük seviyelerde kalmaktadır. Süt reçellerinde toplamda 42 uçucu bileşik tespit edilmiştir, bunların en fazla çeşitliliği inek sütü reçelinde gözlemlenmiştir. Fıstık sütü reçellerinde ise inek sütünde bulunmayan bazı bileşikler tespit edilmiş, her bir fıstık sütü reçelinde özgün bileşikler belirlenmiştir. Duyusal analizlerde, çiğ fıstık sütü reçeli renk açısından en yüksek puanı alırken, kavrulmuş fıstık sütü reçeli kıvam, koku, tat ve genel kabul edilebilirlik açısından en yüksek puanları elde etmiştir. Reolojik analizlere göre inek sütünden elde edilen reçellerin viskozite ve kıvam katsayısı değerleri, yer fıstığı sütünden elde edilen reçellerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yer fıstığı sütü reçelleri arasında da en yüksek viskozite ve kıvam katsayısı değerleri kavrulmuş yer fıstığından elde edilen reçellerde ve en düşük viskozite ve kıvam katsayısı değerleri ise haşlanmış yer fıstıklarından elde edilen reçellerde tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yer fıstığı sütü bazlı reçellerin duyusal, reolojik ve uçucu bileşik profillerinin olumlu yönde etkilendiği, özellikle kavrulmuş fıstık sütü reçellerinin üstün özellikler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.In this study, the composition, color, mineral content, volatile compounds, sensory, and rheological properties of milk jams produced using cow's milk and different processing methods (raw, boiled, roasted) of peanut milk were examined. The results show that the type of milk and processing methods significantly affect the quality characteristics of the products. Cow's milk jams have high protein and carbohydrate content, offering nutritional benefits, while peanut milk jams have higher fat and energy values. Roasted peanut milk jams have a darker color and a richer aroma. The mineral content of peanut milk-based jams differs from that of cow's milk-based jams, with peanut milk jams generally having lower mineral content. A total of 42 volatile compounds were identified in the milk jams, with the greatest variety observed in the cow's milk jam. However, some compounds not found in cow's milk were detected in the peanut milk jams, and each peanut milk jam had unique compounds. In sensory analysis, raw peanut milk jam scored the highest in color, while roasted peanut milk jam received the highest scores for consistency, odor, taste, and overall acceptability. According to rheological analyses, the viscosity and consistency coefficient values of jams obtained from cow's milk were found to be higher than those obtained from peanut milk. Among peanut milk jams, the highest viscosity and consistency coefficient values were found in jams obtained from roasted peanuts and the lowest viscosity and consistency coefficient values were found in jams obtained from boiled peanuts. Overall, it was determined that peanut milk-based jams showed positive effects on sensory, rheological, and volatile compound profiles, with roasted peanut milk jams demonstrating superior characteristics
Comparative Bladder Cancer Tissues Prediction Using Vision Transformer
No full textBladder cancer, often asymptomatic in the early stages, is a type of cancer where early detection is crucial. Herein, endoscopic images are meticulously evaluated by experts, and sometimes even by different disciplines, to identify tissue types. It is believed that the time spent by experts can be utilized for patient treatment with the creation of a computer-aided decision support system. For this purpose, in this study, it is evaluated that the performances of three models proposed using the bladder tissue dataset. The first model is a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (DL) network, and the second is a model named hybrid cnn-machine learning (ML) or DL + ML, which involves classifying deep features obtained from a CNN-based network with ML. The last one, and the one that achieved the best performance metrics, is a vision transformer (ViT) architecture. Furthermore, a graphical user interface (GUI) is provided for an accessible decision support system. As a result, accuracy and F1 score values for DL, DL + ML, and ViT models are 0.9086-0.8971-0.9257 and 0.8884-0.8496-0.8931, respectively
Computational evaluation of comprehensive properties of MgX3H8 (X=Sc, Ti and Zr) compounds as effective solid-state hydrogen storage materials
No full textBu çalışmada, MgX3H8 (X=Sc, Ti, Zr) bileşiklerinin yapısal, mekanik, elektronik, dinamik, termodinamik ve hidrojen depolama özellikleri yoğunluk fonksiyonel teorisi (DFT) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Daha önce bu bileşiklerin deneysel ya da teorik olarak çalışılmamış olması bu çalışmayı özgün kılmaktadır. Bu malzemeler, katı hal hidrojen depolama için potansiyel olarak umut verici hidrojen depolama malzemeler olarak değerlendirilmiştir. MgX3H8 (X=Sc, Ti, Zr) bileşiklerinin hesaplanan oluşum entalpileri, elastik sabitler ve fonon dağılım grafikleri, bu bileşiklerin termodinamik, mekanik ve dinamik olarak kararlı ve sentezlenebilir olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. B/G oranı, Cp ve Poisson oranı analizleri, MgSc3H8'in gevrek bir malzeme olduğunu, MgTi3H8 ve MgZr3H8'in ise sünek malzemeler olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, malzemelerin anizotropi faktörü, işlenebilirlik indeksi, sertlik, eime ve Debye sıcaklıkları da detaylı analiz edilmiştir. MgX3H8 (X=Sc, Ti, Zr) bileşiklerinin elektronik bant yapıları incelenmiştir. Bantların (valans ve iletim bantları) ana simetri doğrultuları boyunca Fermi seviyesini kesmesi nedeniyle metalik karakter sergilemiştir. Fonon dağılım eğrileri ve malzemelerin kısmi durum yoğunlukları pozitif frekanslara sahip olup, malzemelerin kübik yapıda dinamik olarak kararlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Gravimetrik hidrojen yoğunlukları MgSc3H8 için % 4.60 (w/w) MgTi3H8 için % 4.38 (w/w) ve MgZr3H8 için % 2.56 (w/w) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hidrojen desorpsiyon sıcaklıkları MgSc3H8 için 239.54 K, MgTi3H8 için 241.76 K ve MgZr3H8 için 303.87 K olarak bulunmuştur. Malzemelerin mekanik özellikleri, hidrojen depolama için umut verici malzemeler olabileceklerini öne sürmektedir.In this study, the structural, mechanical, electronic, dynamic, thermodynamic, and hydrogen storage properties of MgX?H? compounds (X = Sc, Ti, Zr) were systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT). To the best of our knowledge, these compounds have not been previously reported in either experimental or theoretical literature. This work represents the first comprehensive investigation of the various physical and chemical characteristics of these materials. They were considered promising candidates for solid-state hydrogen storage applications. The calculated formation enthalpies, elastic constants, and phonon dispersion relations confirmed that MgX?H? (X = Sc, Ti, Zr) compounds are thermodynamically, mechanically, and dynamically stable, indicating their potential synthesizability. Analysis of the bulk-to-shear modulus ratio (B/G), specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp), and Poisson's ratio revealed that MgSc?H? exhibits brittle behavior, whereas MgTi?H? and MgZr?H? are ductile in nature. Additionally, key parameters such as hardness, melting temperature, Debye temperature, machinability index, and elastic anisotropy factor were calculated and thoroughly analyzed. Electronic band structure calculations indicated a metallic character for all three compounds, as the valence and conduction bands intersect the Fermi level along high-symmetry directions. The dynamic stability of the cubic phase was further supported by the phonon dispersion curves and partial density of states, both of which exhibited only positive frequencies. The gravimetric hydrogen storage capacities were estimated to be 4.60 wt.% for MgSc?H?, 4.38 wt.% for MgTi?H?, and 2.56 wt.% for MgZr?H?, with corresponding hydrogen desorption temperatures of 239.54 K, 241.76 K, and 303.87 K, respectively. These mechanical and hydrogen storage characteristics suggest that the investigated MgX?H? compounds are promising candidates for use as host materials in solid-state hydrogen storage systems
Bir Yatırım Aracı Olarak Spor
No full textToday, as a result of the increasing population and changing demographic structure, social investment tools are diversified and education, health and sports are of great importance among these investments. It is widely claimed that there are strong connections between health and sports investments. Therefore, social investments of countries are shaped within this framework. This study examines the evidence obtained from the research conducted and includes the analysis of current and past national investment data. A literature review also provides the emergence of such a study. Literature review functions as the first tool for the organization, restructuring and defined structure of a subject. It also directs future research and forms the basis for progress in knowledge. In this study, investments made in sports as an investment tool in recent years and investments in education and health are discussed and a reference point is tried to be created for future research. It is concluded from the research that investments made in education, health and sports have increased from past to present and that sports are an important factor in the increase in the development and welfare levels of countries.Günümüzde, artan nüfus ve demografik yapının değişmesi neticesiyle sosyal yatırım araçları çeşitlilik göstermekte ve bu yatırımlar arasında eğitim, sağlık ve spor büyük önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle sağlık ve spor yatırımları arasında güçlü bağlantılar olduğu iddiası yaygındır. Bu nedenle, ülkelerin sosyal yatırımları bu çerçevede şekillenmektedir. Bu çalışma, yapılan araştırmalardan elde edilen kanıtları incelemekte ve mevcut ve geçmiş ulusal yatırım verilerinin analizini içermektedir. Böylesi bir çalışmanın ortaya çıkmasını da bir literatür incelemesi sağlamaktadır. Literatür incelemesi; bir konunun organizasyonu, yeniden yapılanması ve tanımlanmış yapı için ilk araç olarak işlev görür. Aynı zamanda gelecekteki araştırmaları yönlendirir ve bilgide ilerleme için temel oluşturur. Bu çalışmada da son yıllarda bir yatırım aracı olarak spora yapılan yatırımlar ve eğitim ve sağlık yatırımları ele alınarak gelecek araştırmalara bir referans noktası oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan, geçmişten günümüze eğitim, sağlık ve spor alanında yapılan yatırımların arttığı, ülkelerin kalkınma ve refah seviyelerindeki artışta sporun önemli bir etken olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır
The Effects of Renewable Energy Consumption on Financial Performance: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)-Based Research on the BIST Sustainability Index
No full textThe main purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between renewable energy consumption and the financial performance of businesses included in the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) Sustainability Index using the Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) method and to evaluate its predictability using machine learning methods. Within the scope of this research, annual business data from 2021 to 2023 are used. In this context, this study compared the forecast performances of different machine learning (ML) methods (XGBoost, Random Forest, and LightGBM) by analyzing them using SHAP (SHapley Additive Explanations), an XAI method. Some variables in this study consist of non-financial indicators, while the others consist of financial accounting and market-based indicators. The results show that renewable energy consumption has a very limited negative effect on ROA, whereas an increase in the total renewable energy ratio provides a positive contribution to ROA, albeit at a low level. Renewable energy consumption has a low positive effect on ROE. The XGBoost for ROA and Random Forest algorithm for ROE were more successful in estimation. This study goes beyond traditional statistical analyses and reveals the financial effects of accounting indicators in detail using XAI-based methods and contributes to enterprises’ decision-making processes regarding energy transformation. © 2025, Econjournals. All rights reserved
Feasibility and environmental analysis of biogas-based hybrid energy system using HOMER pro software: A case study for Hatay
No full textDue to growing environmental concerns regarding fossil fuels, the importance of sustainable or clean energy sources like wind, solar, hydrogen, and biomass has increased. Transitioning to sustainable energy sources is critical for decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and ensuring long-term energy stability. Moreover, by integrating these renewable sources into hybrid energy systems, energy production efficiency can be maximized and based on fossil fuels can be minimized. Therefore, this study conducted an environmental and techno-economic evaluation of the recommended system by creating a microgrid or hybrid system model using Hybrid Optimisation of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) Pro software. The various scenarios of on-grid and off-grid systems using alternative sources, like solar, biomass, and hydrogen, were analyzed, and the electricity production, cost impacts, and environmental effects were discussed. In the analysis of the hybrid system, the optimum cost and minimum environmental effect were determined using 200 kW photovoltaic (PV) solar panels, 100 kW of biogas generators, 72 kW of converters, and 120 kW of electrolyzers. The results of the analysis revealed that the off-grid hybrid system was the most cost-effective option, with an energy generation cost of 0.2094 . In addition, the proposed hybrid system reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by around 95.78 % compared to an on-grid biogas system. The findings of this study highlight that a sustainable energy economy and its environmental impacts can be realized in certain geographical conditions
Spor Merkezi Üyelerinin Egzersiz Bağımlılığı ve Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
No full textThis study was conducted to examine exercise addiction and mental toughness levels among individuals attending fitness centers. The study included 154 voluntary participants aged 18-49 who attended gyms in Osmaniye province. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Exercise Addiction Scale, and the Mental Toughness Inventory. Normality tests indicated non-normal distribution. Therefore, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between two independent groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparisons among more than two groups, and Spearman's correlation test to determine relationships between variables. The Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc test was employed to identify significant differences. The findings revealed that male participants had significantly higher exercise addiction scores compared to females. Significant differences in mental toughness scores were observed based on age. Relationships were found between daily and weekly exercise duration and subdimensions of exercise addiction. Additionally, a strong correlation was identified between mental toughness and a subdimension of exercise addiction. The study demonstrates a significant relationship between exercise addiction and mental toughness among gym attendees. Males and individuals who exercised for longer durations exhibited higher exercise addiction scores. Mental toughness appears to be a potential protective factor in reducing the risk of exercise addiction.Bu çalışma spor salonlarına devam eden bireylerin egzersiz bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Osmaniye ilinde spor salonuna giden, yaşları 18-49 arasında toplam 154 gönüllü birey katılmıştır. Veriler, kişisel bilgi formu, Egzersiz Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ve Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Envanteri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Normallik testleri normal dağılım göstermediğini belirlemiştir. Bu nedenle, bağımsız iki grup arasındaki karşılaştırmalar için Mann-Whitney U testi, ikiden fazla grup arasında kıyaslama yapmak için Kruskal-Wallis testi ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi için Spearman korelasyon testi uygulanmıştır. Anlamlı farklılıkların belirlenmesi amacıyla Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, erkek bireylerin egzersiz bağımlılığı puanlarının kadınlara kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Yaş değişkenine göre, zihinsel dayanıklılık puanlarında anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir. Günlük ve haftalık egzersiz süresi ile egzersiz bağımlılığı alt boyutlarında ilişki gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca zihinsel dayanıklılık ile egzersiz bağımlılığının alt boyutu arasında yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Spor salonlarına devam eden bireylerde egzersiz bağımlılığı ile zihinsel dayanıklılık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Erkekler ve uzun süre egzersiz yapan bireylerin egzersiz bağımlılığı puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Zihinsel dayanıklılığın, egzersiz bağımlılığı riskini azaltmada önemli bir faktör olabileceği görülmüştür
Transcription and evaluation of the Forest School Journal
Full text linkOsmanlı Devleti'nde başlayan yenilik hareketlerinden etkilenen konular arasında ormancılık da bulunmaktaydı. Osmanlı Devleti'nde ise bu alanda yapılan ilk çalışma Fransızların orman kanunundan çevrilmiştir. 1827 yılında Fransa'da 225 maddelik Orman Kanunu hazırlanmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti'nde 1840 yılında 22 maddelik Orman Layiha hazırlanmıştır. Hemen ardından yine 1840 yılında Ticaret Nezareti bünyesinde ormancılık ile ilgili ilk kurum olan Orman Müdürlüğü kurulmuştur. Ancak bu kurum 1841 yılında kapatılmıştır. 1858 yılına gelindiğinde "Arazi Kanunnamesi" yayınlanmış ardından geçen on yıl içinde de "Orman Umum Müdürlüğü" kurulmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti'nde ormanlar ile ilgili en kapsayıcı yasa çalışması olan "Orman Nizamnamesi" ise 1870 yılında çıkarılmıştır. Orman Nizamnamesi hazırlanırken Fransız mühendislerden yardım alınmıştır. Bunun en önemli nedeni Osmanlı Devleti'nde ormanlar ile ilgili çalışma yapacak yeterlilikte kişiler bulunmamasıdır. Orman Mektebi ise 1858 yılında kurulmuş ve 1861 yılında ilk mezunlarını vermiştir. İlerleyen zamanda Orman ve Maden mektepleri birleştirilmiştir. Ancak bu durum uzun sürmemiş ve Orman Mektebi bu sefer de 1893 yılında Halkalı Ziraat Mektebi ile birleştirilmiştir. 1909 yılına gelindiğinde ise Orman Mekteb-i Âlisi kurulmuştur. Orman Mekteb-i Âlisi 1333 (Miladi 1917) yılında Orman Mekteb-i Âlisi Mecmuası adında bir dergi çıkarmıştır. Mecmua aylık olarak yayınlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Orman Mekteb-i Âlisi Mecmuasının tanıtılmasıdır. Çalışma yöntemi tarama ve doküman inceleme şeklinde yapılmıştır.Forestry was also among the subjects affected by the innovation movements that started in the Ottoman Empire. The first study in this field in the Ottoman Empire was translated from French Forest Law. In 1827, a 225-article Forest Law was prepared in France. In 1840, a 22-article Forest Draft (Orman Layihası) was prepared in the Ottoman Empire. Immediately afterward, the Forest Directorate, the first institution related to forestry, was established within the Ministry of Trade (Ticaret Nezareti) in 1840. However, this institution was closed in 1841. 1858 the "Arazi Kanunnamesi- Land Code" was published and the "General Directorate of Forestry" was established within ten years. The most comprehensive law study on forests in the Ottoman Empire, the "Forest Regulation- Orman Nizamnamesi", was issued in 1870. French engineers were assisted in the preparation of the Forest Regulation. The most important reason for this was the lack of qualified people to work on forestry in the Ottoman Empire. The Forest School was founded in 1858 and produced its first graduates in 1861. Later, the Forest and Mining Schools were combined. However, this situation did not last long and the Forest School was combined with the Halkalı Agricultural School in 1893. In 1909, the Forest School was founded. The Forest School published the Forest School Âlisi Journal in 1333 (1917 AD). The magazine was published monthly. The purpose of the magazine was to inform people interested in forests. The purpose of this study is to introduce and evaluation the Forest School Âlisi Journal. The study method was scanned and the document examined