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Effectiveness of polyethylene glycol and glutaraldehyde as enhancers for lipase-immobilized hybrid organic-inorganic nanoflowers
No full textThe present study investigates the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glutaraldehyde (GA) on the synthesis and enzymatic activity of lipase hybrid nanoflowers. The effect of lipase concentration on hybrid nanoflower formation was first assessed, revealing that the optimum lipase concentration was 0.2 mg/mL. At this concentration, the encapsulation of lipase within the hybrid nanoflowers reached its maximum efficiency. Further, the effects of PEG and GA concentrations, as well as pH, on the enzymatic activity of the nanoflowers were evaluated. The results demonstrated that 2% (v/v) PEG and 3% (v/v) GA were the most effective concentrations, with the highest activity observed at pH 8. Comparative studies showed that GA-treated lipase hybrid nanoflowers exhibited a remarkable 160% increase in enzymatic activity over the free lipase, outperforming PEG in terms of catalytic performance. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses confirmed that both PEG and GA treatments altered the morphology and structural characteristics of the hybrid nanoflowers, with GA inducing more pronounced changes. Despite these morphological alterations, the enzymatic activity was significantly enhanced, particularly in the GA-treated hybrid nanoflowers. In conclusion, this study highlights the superior performance of glutaraldehyde as an enhancer for the production of highly active lipase hybrid nanoflowers, offering promising applications in biocatalysis and enzyme immobilization.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK); Ministry of High Education (MOHE)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). The authors would like to thank the Ministry of High Education (MOHE) for providing the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) financial support which led to this research. The authors would like to thank Curtin University Malaysia for the research facility that allows the accomplishment of this project
The effect of blockchain technology on accounting and perceptions of accounting professionals ond block chain technology
Get PDFBu çalışma, blokzincir (blockchain) teknolojisinin muhasebe uygulamaları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek ve muhasebe meslek mensuplarının bu teknolojiye ilişkin algılarını değerlendirmek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Son yıllarda dijitalleşme sürecinin hız kazanmasıyla birlikte blokzincir teknolojisi, finansal raporlama, denetim ve veri güvenliği gibi muhasebenin temel alanlarında dönüşüm potansiyeline sahip bir yapı olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Tez kapsamında öncelikle blokzincir teknolojisinin temel prensipleri, işleyiş yapısı ve muhasebeye entegrasyon potansiyeli ele alınmış; ardından bu teknolojinin muhasebe süreçlerine sağladığı fırsatlar ile beraberinde getirdiği tehditler irdelenmiştir. Araştırmanın ampirik kısmında ise Türkiye'deki muhasebe meslek mensuplarına yönelik Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Ölçeği kullanılıp, bir anket çalışması yapılmış ve veriler SPSS paket programı ile analiz edilerek muhasebe meslek mensuplarının blokzincir teknolojisine dair bilgi düzeyleri, tutumları ve adaptasyon eğilimleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, teknolojinin muhasebe mesleği açısından nasıl bir dönüşüm yaratabileceği tartışılmış ve geleceğe yönelik öngörülerde bulunulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular; blokzincir teknolojisinin muhasebe uygulamalarında şeffaflık, güvenilirlik ve hız gibi avantajlar sağladığını ortaya koyarken; aynı zamanda bu dönüşümün meslek mensupları açısından çeşitli adaptasyon sorunları ve mesleki tehditleri de beraberinde getirdiğini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın hem akademik literatüre katkı sağlaması hem de uygulayıcılara yol gösterici olması hedeflenmiştir.The aim of this study was prepared to examine the effects of blockchain technology on accounting practices and to evaluate the perceptions of accountants regarding this technology. With the acceleration of the digitalization process in recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a structure with the potential to transform the main areas of accounting such as financial reporting, auditing, and data security. Within the scope of the thesis, the basic principles, operational structure, and integration potential of blockchain technology into accounting were first discussed; then, the opportunities provided by this technology to accounting processes as well as the threats it brings were examined. In the empirical part of the study, a survey was conducted with accountants in Turkey using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model Scale, and the data were analyzed through the SPSS software to measure the accountants' level of knowledge, attitudes, and adaptation tendencies towards blockchain technology. Based on the data obtained, the study discussed how blockchain technology could transform the accounting profession and made projections for the future. The findings revealed that blockchain technology provides advantages such as transparency, reliability, and speed in accounting practices, while also indicating that this transformation brings various adaptation problems and professional threats for accountants. In this context, the study aims to contribute both to the academic literature and to serve as a guide for practitioners
Leadership That Creates Meaning: The Importance Of The Leader In Workplace Spirituality
No full textİnsanların çabalarını ortak bir amaç doğrultusunda bütünleştirmek ve bunun sürekliliğini sağlamak için liderlik özelliklerinin özelleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Hem lidere hem de takipçilere yönelik örgütsel ihtiyaçlar kapsamında ortaya çıkan ruhsal liderlik bu liderlik türlerinden biridir. Ruhsal liderlik üzerine pek çok ülkede yapılmış araştırma ve yazılmış makaleler olsa da, ülkemizde çok fazla incelenen bir konu olmadığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, iş yerinde anlam yaratma ihtiyacını ve iş yeri ruhsallığının sağlanmasında liderin önemini incelemektir. Çalışmada literatür değerlendirme yöntemlerinden biri olan bütünleştirici değerlendirme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu liderlik yaklaşımının, liderlerin değerlerine dayalı bir liderlik tarzı benimsemelerini vurgulaması ve ayrıca liderlerin öz farkındalığı, öz-yönetim, sosyal farkındalık, ilişki yönetimi ve etik liderlik gibi becerileri geliştirmelerini teşvik etmesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca literatürde yer alan çalışmaların incelenmesi sonucunda elde edilen veriler ışığında ruhsal liderlere uygulayabilecekleri birtakım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.To integrate people's efforts toward a common goal, leadership characteristics need to be customized. Spiritual leadership is one of these types of leadership that arises in response to organizational needs for both leaders and followers. Although there has been considerable research on spiritual leadership in many countries, it is believed to be a relatively under-explored topic in our country. The aim of this study is to examine the need for meaning-making in the workplace and the significance of the leader in fostering workplace spirituality. The study uses the integrative review method. This leadership approach is considered important as it emphasizes the need for leaders to adopt a values-based leadership style and also encourages the development of skills such as self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management, and ethical leadership. Additionally, based on the review of existing literature, the study provides recommendations for spiritual leaders to apply in their practice
Extract optimization and biological activities of Otidea onotica using Artificial Neural Network-Genetic Algorithm and response surface methodology techniques
No full textIn this study, the biological activities of Otidea onotica were investigated using two optimization methods, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network-Genetic Algorithm (ANN-GA). The extracts were tested for phenolic content, antioxidant potential, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities and antiproliferative effects against A549 lung cancer cell line. The results show that the extracts obtained by ANN-GA optimization exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to RSM extracts and had higher total antioxidant status (TAS), DPPH and FRAP values. Phenolic content analysis revealed eight phenolic compounds and the compounds with the highest concentrations were caffeic acid (in RSM extract) and gallic acid (in ANN-GA extract), respectively. Both extracts showed strong cytotoxic effects against A549 cells depending on the concentration, with ANN-GA extract showing higher antiproliferative activity. Our study provides important findings on the biological activities and therapeutic potential of O. onotica and particularly reveals that the ANN-GA optimization method plays an important role in increasing biological activity. The findings show that O. onotica extracts can be used in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases in the future and that optimization techniques offer an effective strategy for enriching phenolic contents.National Academy of Sciences of UkraineNot applicable
Application of filtration in sugar refining
No full textThe sugar manufacturing sector, reliant on sugarcane syrup, holds considerable economic and technical importance. Its processes involve purifying, decolorizing, and crystallizing sugarcane juice, traditionally achieved through methods like defecation, sulphation, phosphatation, and carbonation. Achieving a consistently high level of clarity and low color in the juice production process is a challenging endeavor. The challenge becomes significantly more difficult due to variations in the incoming juice properties resulting from differences in cane variety, soil composition, growing conditions, weather fluctuations, and seasonal variations. While conventional methods have served well historically, evolving environmental regulations and the need for enhanced sugar quality at reduced costs demand adaptation. Novel techniques like membrane filtration, particularly promising for its potential to improve clarity and reduce color, are gaining attraction. The sugar industry has had a longstanding interest in using membrane filtration to improve quality and as a pre-treatment for producing value-added products. Membrane filtration offers the potential for improved juice quality, providing clearer juice with reduced viscosity and noticeable color removal. Ultrafiltration of clarified sugarcane juice can be achieved through either spiral wound or flat sheet filtration systems utilizing polymeric membranes, or through tubular filtration systems employing ceramic membranes. This chapter comprehensively assesses the diverse applications of filtration techniques, particularly focusing on membrane technology, within the sugar industry. The aim is to meticulously explore the efficacy and potential of various filtration methods, notably membrane technology, in optimizing processes within the sugar production sector, thereby enhancing quality, reducing environmental impact, and potentially uncovering avenues for innovation and cost efficiency. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Evaluation of the effects of cognitive stimulation therapy on cognitive status and apathy in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial
No full textThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cognitive stimulation therapy on cognitive status and apathy in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. It is a randomized controlled experimental study. The research was conducted in a care center located in a province in Turkey between October 30, 2023, and December 25, 2023. A total of 62 individuals, including 31 in the intervention group and 31 in the control group, were included in the study, forming the research sample. The data for the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMSE), and the Apathy Rating Scale (ARS). Cognitive Stimulation Therapy was administered twice a week for a total of 14 sessions in the form of group therapy. Following the implementation of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy, a comparison between the intervention and control groups revealed significant differences in post-test outcomes. The Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE) post-test scores averaged 24.3 +/- 1.3 in the intervention group, whereas the control group recorded a lower mean score of 19.6 +/- 1.5. Similarly, in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ARS), the intervention group achieved a mean score of 47.5 +/- 3.5, compared to 36.2 +/- 3.0 in the control group. It was determined that the mean scores of individuals in the intervention group increased significantly (p < 0.001). Cognitive Stimulation Therapy has been found to be effective in improving cognitive functions and reducing apathy levels in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is recommended that psychiatric nurses providing care for geriatric individuals implement Cognitive Stimulation Therapy
Application of innovative Şen trend method to the Slovakian hydrometeorological records
No full textThe changing climatic conditions brought on by global climate change make it crucial to analyze hydrometeorological variations over several decades. Traditional methods of trend investigation may sometimes fall short in identifying current trends in hydroclimatological time series. This research focused on weather stations across Slovakia, specifically in Košice, Spisske Vlachy, Červený Kláštor, and Bardejov. Monthly records of precipitation and maximum and minimum air temperatures from 1971 to 2021 were examined. The Innovative Şen Trend test, a relatively new approach, was applied to analyze trends across the country. The analysis was conducted on monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. Investigations based solely on single stations are often insufficient for accurately determining regional trends. Furthermore, incorporating new yearly data into prior studies may alter recently observed trends. Considering these factors, the study analyzed four separate Slovakian stations using the Innovative Şen Trend test. When mixed trends were observed in the monthly and seasonal analyses for all three parameters, a generally significant increase in annual air temperature trends was noted. For precipitation, stations observed annual increases exceeding 10 % in the higher classes. In terms of maximum air temperature, a 6 % increase was recorded annually at both Košice and Spisske Vlachy stations. Likewise, Bardejov and Spisske Vlachy showed a 10 % annual increase in minimum air temperature at higher classes, while no significant trends were noted for Košice. © 2025 The Author
TARİHİ KENTSEL ALANLARIN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ÇEVRE BAĞLAMINDA KENT KULLANICILARI TARAFINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ERZURUM ÖRNEĞİ
No full textAs a result of urban development, historical areas are often found to be located at the very centre of the city. This situation brings about certain challenges in the planning of the historical districts that remain in the city centre. To overcome these challenges, various approaches to the planning of historical areas have been developed. These planning approaches are designed to address the urban issues in the region. Moreover, planning with consideration for the concept of sustainability becomes crucial for the transmission of the historical area to future generations. Erzurum has continued to develop throughout history and is a city that stands out as a crossroads for major trade routes. Urban development and growth began around the castle and its surroundings. Therefore, today, the historical area of the city is located at the very centre. There have been studies aimed at planning the historical area of the city. However, the sustainability of the outcomes of these studies and the extent to which sustainability has been successfully achieved remains a topic of debate. This study discusses the sustainability of the historical city centre of Erzurum. As part of the study, the sustainability criteria that were identified were applied to a survey administered to urban users. Through the survey, the sustainability of the historical city centre was assessed and discussed. The study revealed significant deficiencies in the sustainability of the historical areas within the city, starting with the historical city centre of Erzurum. Based on these findings, recommendations have been developed to increase the sustainability of the region.Kentsel gelişim sonucunda tarihi bölgelerin genellikle kentin tam merkezinde kaldıkları görülmektedir. Bu durum, kent merkezinde kalan tarihi bölümlerin planlanmasında birtakım zorlukları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu zorlukların aşılmasına yönelik olarak tarihi bölgelerin planlamasına yönelik farklı yaklaşımlar mevcuttur. Planlama yaklaşımları bölgedeki kentsel sorunların çözümlerine yönelik olarak geliştirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte sürdürülebilirlik kavramının da gözetilerek planlama yapılması tarihi bölgenin gelecek nesillere aktarılması açısından önem kazanmaktadır.Erzurum tarih boyunca gelişimini sürdürmüş, önemli ticaret yollarının kesişim noktası olarak ön plana çıkan bir kenttir. Kentsel gelişim ve büyüme kale ve çevresinden başlayarak gerçekleşmiştir. Dolayısı ile günümüzde kentin tarihi bölgesi kentin tam merkezinde yer almaktadır. Kentin tarihi bölgesinin planlanmasına yönelik yapılan çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bununla birlikte yapılan çalışmalar sonuncunda bölgede gelinen noktanın sürdürülebilirliği; sürdürülebilirlik konusunda ne kadar başarılı olunduğu bir tartışma konusudur. Bu çalışmada da Erzurum tarihi kent merkezinin sürdürülebilirliği tartışılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma kapsamında belirlenen sürdürülebilirlik kriterleri hazırlanan anket kent kullanıcılarına uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan anket yardımı ile tarihi kent merkezinin sürdürülebilirliği tespit edilerek tartışılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma ile Erzurum tarihi kent merkezinden başlayarak kent içerisindeki tarihi bölgelerin sürdürülebilirliklerinde önemli eksikliklerin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan tespit doğrultusunda bölgenin sürdürülebilirliğinin arttırılmasına yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Antropometrik Risk Parametreleri ve Öğün Alışkanlıklarının cinsiyete göre değerlendirilmesi
No full textPurpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate anthropometric risk parameters and meal habits regarding nutrition-related chronic diseases in university students according to gender. Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 898 university students. A questionnaire was used to determine the demographic characteristics and meal habits of university students. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) was measured and, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.9 ± 1.96. 76.5% were female, 82.5% skipped meals. Mean values of all anthropometric parameters respectively body weight, height, BMI, WC, HC, WHR and WHtR; 61.0±11.7 kg, 166.7±8.4 cm, 21.8±3.0 kg/m2 ,75.3±9.3 cm, 96.3±7.8 cm, 0.78±0.07 and 0.45±0.05. Mean values of all parameters were found to be significantly different according to gender (pAmaç: Araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinde beslenmeye bağlı kronik hastalıklara ilişkin antropometrik risk parametreleri ve öğün alışkanlıklarının cinsiyete göre değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma toplam 898 üniversite öğrencisi üzerinde yapıldı. Üniversite öğrencilerinin demografik özelliklerini ve öğün alışkanlıklarını belirlemek için anket formu kullanıldı. Vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi ölçüldü ve beden kütle indeksi (BKI), bel-kalça oranı, bel-boy oranı hesaplandı. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20,9 ± 2,0 yıldır. %76,5’i kız öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır, %82,5'i öğün atlamaktadır. Tüm antropometrik parametrelerin, vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, BKI, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel-kalça oranı, bel-boy oranı ortalama değerleri sırasıyla; 61,0±11,7 kg, 166,7±8,4 cm, 21,8±3,0 kg/m2, 75,3±9,3 cm, 96,3±7,8 cm, 0,78±0,07 ve 0,45±0,05 idi. Tüm parametrelerin ortalama değerleri cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdi (
The Effect of Expressive Touch and Music on Pain, Vital Signs, and Brain Oxygenation: Mixed-Method Study with Clinical Trial ☆
No full textPurpose: Subjective methods should be used to evaluate pain. It is important to know how pain affects vital signs and brain oxygenation. This study aimed to determine the effects of expressive touch and music applied after lumbar disc herniation surgery on pain, vital signs, and brain oxygenation. Design: This was a convergent, parallel, mixed-methods study utilizing randomized controlled trials and semi-structured qualitative interviews. Methods: With power analysis, 132 (44: expressive touch, 44: music, 44: control) patients were included in the study. Thirty-two patients were included in the qualitative research sample. Expressive touch and music interventions were repeated 3 times. Pain, vital signs, and brain oxygenation values were recorded before and after the interventions. Qualitative data were collected after the interventions. Results: It was determined that expressive touch and music significantly decreased the patients' pain levels compared to the control group ( X-2 : 67.118), ( p < .001). It was found that expressive touch and music created a significant difference in respiration ( X-2 : 15.289), blood pressure ( X-2 : 8.754-8.706), saturation ( X-2 : 47.953), and brain oxygenation ( X-2 : 31.473-37.110), ( p < .001). Music was found to be more effective than expressive touch on pain and brain oxygenation. The interventions relaxed and distracted the patients. Conclusions: It was found that expressive touch and music were effective in reducing pain level, keeping vital signs within physiological limits, and increasing brain oxygenation. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of other methods used in postoperative pain management on brain oxygenation. (c) 2024 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [TDK-2020/2252]This study was supported by the Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (TDK-2020/2252)