Södertörns högskolas Publications
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Land-sparing benefits biodiversity while land-sharing benefits ecosystem services : Stakeholders’ perspectives on biodiversity conservation strategies in boreal forests
No full textBiodiversity conservation and economic profit from forests can be combined by various land-sparing and land-sharing approaches. Using a semi-structured survey, we evaluated support for scenarios representing contrasting conservation strategies in a managed boreal forest landscape. Land-sparing approaches were supported by the conservation organisation, regional administrations and the forest company, mainly motivated by the benefit for biodiversity based on ecological theory. Land-sharing approaches were supported by one recreational organisation, some municipalities and the forest owners’ association, mainly motivated by the delivery of ecosystem services. Stakeholder groups using certain ecosystem services had motivations that we related to an anthropocentric mindset, while others focused more on species conservation, which can be related both to an anthropocentric or an ecocentric mindsets. Forest conservation planning should consider stakeholders’ preferences to handle land-use conflicts. Since reaching consensus among multiple stakeholders seems unfeasible, a combination of land-sparing and land-sharing approaches is probably the best compromise
Country Report AUTO-WELF GermanyAutomated Decision-Making Processes in German Core and CommunalWelfare
No full textThis country report gives an overview of the landscape of automated decision-makingsystems (ADM) within the German public welfare sector. The aim of this working paper is todocument the desk research process that served as a basis for the case study selectionwithin to the Automating Welfare (AUTO-WELF) project. Next to the overview,characteristics of the German ADM landscape derived from the search results arepresented. The desk research was carried out between January and April 2023, with anupdate in January 2024, and includes information on ADM systems until this point in time.The report focuses on ADM projects on a federal, state, and regional level
Overview of automated decision-making landscape in the Italian welfare system
No full textThis report aims to give a first national overview of automated decision-making systems - ADM -adopted in the public sector in Italy. In the first part of the report it is intended to take a look at whatmethod was adopted for the research and the context in which this research was conducted. Then, inthe second part of the report, an attempt was made to highlight where ADM cases have beenimplemented in the Italian public administration, focusing on welfare sectors (core welfare sector)and municipal sectors (smart city projects). The aim is to give a framing in descriptive terms of theItalian situation in general. Finally, in the last part, four potential case studies, inherent to the field,are described, attempting to detect the potential ADM systems in use or in the making and theirpossible critical points
Virtuell klädprovning via AR : En kvalitativ studie om hur virtuell klädprovning via Augmented Reality påverkar en konsuments köpbeslutsprocess
No full textDigitaliseringen och dess teknologiska utveckling har gett upphov till nya digitala lösningar, däribland AR (Augmented Reality) är ett av de digitala verktyg som under de senaste åren fått en ökad uppmärksamhet bland både chefer och forskare. Augmented reality är ett virtuellt verktyg vars innehåll integreras i en användares uppfattning om den verkliga världen. Tidigare forskning har riktat en stor del av sitt fokus på AR och dess implementering som marknadsföringsstrategi, inom främst möbel- och accessoarindustrin, där modebranschen däremot inte givits samma typ av uppmärksamhet. Detta påpekar även forskarna själva, och som menar att det på grund av detta kan medföra en stor risk då konsumenters möjlighet att prova och interagera med produkten innan köp, därmed begränsas. Forskning kring att undersöka och förklara den psykologiska mekanismen bakom konsumenters mentala process gentemot virtuell provning, är även det begränsat inom modebranschen. Denna studie syftar därav till att utveckla en vidare förståelse kring vilken typ av effekt, AR genom virtuell klädprovning kan ha, dels på konsumentens upplevelse dels på dess köpbeslutsprocess. För denna studie har en kvalitativ metod implementerats där datainsamlingen skett genom tolv utförda semistrukturerade intervjuer, på informanter i åldrarna 18-30 år. Det studien kom fram till var att AR implementerat på virtuell klädprovning, visat sig ge en positiv effekt på majoriteten av informanternas upplevelse och köpbeslutsprocess.Digitization and its technological development have given rise to new digital solutions, among which AR (Augmented Reality) is one of the digital tools that in recent years has received increased attention among both managers and researchers. Augmented reality is a virtual tool whose content is integrated into a user's perception of the real world. Previous research has directed a large part of its focus on AR and its implementation as a marketing strategy, mainly within the furniture and accessories industry, where the fashion industry, on the other hand, has not been given the same kind of attention. This is also pointed out by the researchers themselves, who believe that because of this, it can entail a great risk as consumers' opportunity to try and interact with the product before purchase is thus limited. Research into investigating and explaining the psychological mechanism behind consumers' mental process towards virtual fitting is also limited within the fashion industry. This study therefore aims to develop a wider understanding of what kind of effect AR through virtual clothing fitting can have, partly on the consumer's experience and partly on their purchase decision process. For this study, a qualitative method has been implemented where the data collection took place through twelve conducted semi-structured interviews, on participants between the ages of 18-30 years. What the study concluded was that AR implemented on virtual clothing fitting, proved to have a positive effect on the majority of the participants' experience and purchase decision process.
Svenska Modedesigners Upplevelser av Country-of-Origin : Utmaningar och Möjligheter Utomlands
No full textSvenska varumärken i allmänhet och svenska modevarumärken i synnerhet har en god ställning på den globala marknaden. Som en konsekvens av detta väljer flera svenska modeföretag att marknadsföra sina varumärken genom att betona sitt svenska ursprung. Detta är vad som inom marknadsföring benämns som Country-of-Origin. Utlandsarbete har tidigare associerats med negativa aspekter så som kulturella konflikter och anpassningsproblem, men även positivt betonade aspekter som ökad produktivitet och ökad nivå av kreativitet. Denna studie har som syfte att undersöka hur svenska modedesigners som arbetar utomlands påverkas i sitt arbete av att ha Sverige som ursprungsland. Studien undersöker om svenska modedesigners likt svenska modeföretag nyttjar sin ursprungslandsidentitet för att skapa framgångar, hur de påverkas av sitt ursprungsland i form av fördelar, nackdelar, förväntningar och fördomar, samt vilken uppfattning de har av innebörden av att lyckas med sitt arbete inom modedesignbranschen i utlandet. De teorier som studien utgår ifrån är Country-of-Origin, Kulturkapitalsteori samt Psychological Contract Theory. Studien utgår från kvalitativa intervjustudier där fem svenska modedesigners verksamma i fem olika länder besvarat intervjufrågor i både strukturerat och semi-strukturerat format. Efter analys av resultaten i förhållande till relevanta teorier och tidigare forskning kommer studien till slutsatsen att det inte finns någon delad tydlig syn mellan svenska modedesigners i utlandet gällande innebörden med att lyckas med sitt arbete, då en mängd olika faktorer både inom den direkta arbetsplatsen och utanför benämns som orsaker bakom ett lyckat arbete. Utöver detta nås slutsatsen att svenska modedesigners i utlandet inte aktivt anser sig använda sin ursprungslandsidentitet för att lyckas i sitt arbete, men att de upplever särskilda förväntningar samt vissa fördelar med att ha Sverige som ursprungsland.Swedish brands in general and Swedish fashion brands in particular hold a strong position on the global market. As a result of this many Swedish fashion companies choose to market their brands by emphasizing their Swedish origin. This is commonly known as Country-of-Origin within the field of marketing. Working abroad has often been associated with negative aspects such as cultural conflicts and integration issues, but also positive aspects such as increased productivity and increased levels of creativity. The purpose of this study is to examine how Swedish fashion designers working abroad are impacted in their work by having Sweden as their country of origin. The study examines if Swedish fashion designers utilize their country of origin in a way alike Swedish fashion companies in order to establish success, how they are impacted by their country of origin in terms of benefits, disadvantages, expectations and stereotypes, and also how they perceive the meaning of the term success in terms of working abroad as a Swedish fashion designer. The study utilizes Country-of-Origin, Cultural Capital Theory as well as Psychological Contract Theory to construct its theoretical base. The study is based on qualitative interviews where five Swedish fashion designers working in five different countries answer questions in both a structured and a semi-structured format. After analyzing the results using relevant theories and previous research the conclusion that there is no unified and commonly agreed opinion of what constitutes success while working abroad as a Swedish fashion designer is reached. This is due to the fashion designers expressing a variety of different factors both within and outside of the direct workplace when defining success. In addition to this the conclusion that Swedish fashion designers abroad do not claim to actively utilize their country of origin in order to be successful in their work, and that they experience certain expectations and some benefits because of their country of origin is reached
Aspirations for a Transformative Schoolyard : A child centered perspective for a Vibrant Play Environment
No full textThis qualitative study explores the perspective and practice of educators in after-school care through a child centered approach regarding the playground environment, rules, and resources aimed at promoting children's participation and well-being. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with educators in after-school care settings to investigate their perceptions and approaches. Educators strive to create an inclusive and meaningful playground environment by implementing clear and understandable rules. These rules aim not only to organize children's activities but also to break down gender norms and promote current societal issues. Educators are flexible and willing to adapt rules according to children's needs and interests to enhance their participation and autonomy. Regarding resources and play materials, educators aim to keep children active and engaged by providing a varied and stimulating environment. By allowing children to co-create their own play environment, their creativity and imagination are fostered. The study highlights the crucial role of educators in after-school care in creating an inclusive and meaningful playground environment for children. By implementing clear rules and providing appropriate resources, they aim to promote children's well-being and development effectively. By working with a child centered approach and being responsive to children's needs and interests, educators can create a positive and supportive environment where all children are given the opportunity to grow and thrive
Spatial dimensions of the schoolyard : a qualitative study based on after-school educare teachers' view of the schoolyard's opportunities for play and learning
No full textThe schoolyard, an area that is used continuously during the day by teachers and students, becomes a natural area for students to form social relationships and activate themselves outside the classroom. The schoolyard's possibilities to create these relationships and activities is directly connected to how it is designed. This study deals with these possibilities and after-school educare teachers' perception of the schoolyard as a play area and the students' tendencies regarding the use of its various spaces. Previous research shows that varied spaces with directly intended purposes have an inspiring effect on students' play. The philosopher Henri Lefebvre writes about three dimensions of space, the materially perceived, the imagined, and the lived. The study uses these to form an idea of after-school teachers' and students' opportunities in the schoolyard. Semi-structured interviews with after-school educare teachers were carried out to find out their view of the schoolyard, taking into account the students' social relations, motor development and educational purpose. Also observations of the students' stay in the schoolyard were made to answer the study's research questions. The results show that after-school educare teachers want greater opportunities to use the schoolyard as a space for didactic work, with varying play spaces. It also shows that after-school educare teachers' approach has an important role in the students' social relations and motor development in the schoolyard. The discussion includes the spatial dimensions in relation to the students' social relationships and motor development in the schoolyard. In addition, it is discussed in relation to the schoolyard for educational purposes
Agil verksamhet och agil arbetsmetod : En uppsats om hur dessa strategier går hand i hand med anställdas upplevelser på arbetsplatsen
No full textEn av de stora uppgifterna med en verksamhet är att anpassa sig efter omgivningen för att leverera den efterfrågade produkten eller tjänsten. Därmed finner verksamheter behovet av att anpassa arbetssättet internt för att öka konkurrenskraften samt hitta lösningar till problem som uppstår i samband med marknadsförändringar. Begreppet agilitet skapades i början av 2000-talet i samband med det teknologiska genombrottet och syftar till att organisera samt strukturera arbetssättet inom verksamheter. För att finna en djupare mening i fenomenet handlar denna uppsats om hur agila verksamheter inför agila arbetsmetoder och hur dessa arbetsmetoder fungerar i praktiken. Undersökningen baseras på datainsamling i form av djupintervjuer samt vetenskapliga artiklar och de framtagna teoretiska ramverken. Studien innehåller även en tydlig koppling till IT-baserade arbetssystem inom verksamheter, vilket är den viktigaste förutsättningen för verksamheter i dagens samhälle. Studien bidrar med ett resultat där anställda upplever olika förändringar i utförandet av arbetet genom att verksamheten inför agila arbetsmetoder. One of the primary purposes of an organization is to adapt to its environment in order to deliver the demanded product or service. Consequently, organizations find the need to adapt their internal processes to increase competitiveness and find solutions to problems arising from market changes. The concept of agility emerged in the early 2000s in conjunction with the technological boom and aims to organize and structure work methods within organizations. To delve deeper into this phenomenon, this essay explores how agile organizations adopt agile work methods and how these methods function in practice. The research is based on data collection through in-depth interviews and scientific articles, within a theoretical framework. The study also includes a clear connection to information systems within the organization, which are crucial prerequisites for businesses in today's society and organization. The study contributes with a result where employees experience different changes in the performance of the work through the introduction of agile working methods
FinTech och riskhantering inom den svenska banksektorn : En kvalitativ studie om samarbete, utmaningar och risker kring digitala betalningsalternativ vid utvecklingen av FinTech
No full textDigitalization includes a technical and digital development that plays a central role in today's banking sector. In step with digitalization, FinTech has developed and resulted in a collaboration between banks and FinTech companies, which leads to the development of new digital payment options within the banks. Digital payment options have grown in the banking sector and are widely used against customers in various ways. Along with the introduction of digital payment options, and a collaboration between banks and FinTech companies, challenges and risks have also developed. With this as a basis, the study intends to analyze how the Swedish banks handle digital payment alternatives, in relation to the challenges and risks that arise as a result of the banks' collaboration with FinTech companies. The study uses an abductive approach and the empirical answers are based on in-depth interviews, which results in a qualitative study. The study has focused on both large banks and other newly developed banks, with the aim of reaching large parts of the banking sector. The study has identified that the development of FinTech, digital payment options, risks and challenges do not differ broadly between the different banks. All respondents highlight how they experienced cyber attacks, data leakage and human errors. Furthermore, different management strategies have been highlighted for the challenges and risks that arise, many of the responses being mutually reinforcing while others are more unique. The study shows how the banks' management strategies are based on technical and organizational improvements. Different management strategies that the study can highlight are training, authorization levels, monitoring systems and the employment of hackers. The study has contributed with several aspects that explain the management strategies in more detail and contributes with new research on the cooperation between banks and FinTech companies
Harmoni och Disharmoni : Förskolans kvalitet i ett effektiviserat produktionssamhälle
No full textThis text is written with the purpose of examining the preschool's harmony and disharmony. What is happening in moments of interaction with others, children and educators, what is it in today's preschool that stands in the way of this interaction, and what will be the consequences of the development that leads us farther and farther away from this interaction? This text begins with three stories where in the first two I portrayed two situations of interaction, one from my experience of the world of music and one from the preschool. The third describes what will illuminate one of the essay's more conflicting situations.In my text, I have produced an analogy between the preschool's practice and the musical practice, initially with the aim of letting music be supportive in explaining the unseen and the elements that can be difficult to understand in the preschool, but this work has come to featurethe musical sphere increasingly throughout the text’s development. The experience of the music has been able to explain situations in preschool, putting words to phenomenon that sems to be without words, but it has also let the musical aspect itself be explained. In my investigation of the harmony, I have mainly been inspired and led by Marcia Sá Cavalcante Schuback's collection of essays Praise to nothingness - essays on philosophical hermeneutics. Her description of nothingness and its events through inspiration, influence and improvisation has taken me and the text on a journey in how interaction in preschool can look and what it can create. Through her text, self -transformation has become a central concept in my text and thoughts.As I have come to the study of disharmony, I have looked at Foucault's concept of discourse.The discursive formations that have been and continue to be creating the preschool curriculum and conditions, and here I have also looked at the consequences of the increasingly efficiency, quality- and production-focused preschool that we see today. Marx's thoughts on alienationhave been allowed to lead the text's reasoning about the consequences of this development and I conclude my text by asking myself and you as a reader:"What will happen to our children