Södertörns högskolas Publications
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Konsumenters uppfattning av värdläst reklam i podcast : En jämförelse av informativt och underhållande podcastinnehåll
No full textBackground: The rapid growth and popularity of podcasts have established it as a significant medium in the everyday life of today’s consumers. With its unique and personal content, as well as its intimate and engaging nature, podcasts have also become an attractive platform for marketers. However, the increasing amount of advertising, especially that which is read by podcast hosts, raises questions about how this form of advertising is perceived by listeners, and whether the type of content consumed might affect the perception of the advertisement. Purpose and research question: The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of and compare consumers' perceptions of host-read advertising in podcasts with informative versus entertaining content. Based on this, the study aims to understand whether these types of podcast content influence the perception of this form of advertising. Thus, the study intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors that affect the effectiveness of podcast advertising, leading to the following research question: How do consumers' perceptions of host-read advertising in podcasts differ depending on the type of content they consume? Method: The study adopted a qualitative research method, where a total of nine semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather detailed insights from podcast listeners. The interview guide consists of ten questions divided into four different themes, based on the theoretical framework: consumers' media use and needs, factors influencing consumers' perceptions of advertising, and host-read advertising in podcasts. Results and conclusion: The study's results show a clear difference in consumers' perceptions of advertising depending on the type of content they consume. These perceptions are based on how they value the advertisements, with consumers who listen to informative podcasts tending to have more positive perceptions than those who listen to entertaining podcasts, where the perception was clearly negative
Systematics investigations and experiment in chemistry and science education : Teachers’ perspective on opportunities and challenges in grade 4-6
No full textThis study investigates the use of practical work, such as experiments and systematic investigations, in chemistry and science education in grades 4–6. It explores the motivations behind teachers’ incorporation of such activities and the structural factors influencing their decisions. The study seeks to answer: (1) How do teachers perceive the role of experiments and systematic investigations in science education? and (2) What factors affect their ability to implement practical work in their teaching? The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, including online surveys with 197 participants and semi-structured interviews with selected teachers. The analytical framework used in this study is Lundgren’s (1960) theory of Frame Factors and Wright's (1989) Action Logic to understand external and internal determinants affecting teaching practices. Findings suggest that teachers view practical work as essential for students’ engagement, understanding, and the development of scientific skills. However, structural limitations such as large class sizes, insufficient materials, and time often hinder the effective implementation of these activities. Despite these challenges, many teachers adapt their practices, favoring demonstrations or simplified experiments when resources are limited. The study concludes that practical work is highly valued, but better resources, teacher training, and organizational support are needed to fully fulfill its potential in science and chemistry education
Digitala verktyg i skrivundervisningen : Motivation och utmaningar för elever i årskurs 4–6
No full textDigital tools are playing an increasingly significant role in writing education, particularly in the Swedish language subject, where they are used to enhance students' motivation and writing skills. This study investigates how digital technology impacts students' motivation and engagement in writing while analyzing teachers' perceptions of its benefits and challenges. Conducted with students in grades 4–6, the study combines surveys involving 53 middle school students and interviews with three teachers. It highlights factors influencing student motivation, the opportunities for individualized teaching, and challenges such as technical issues and distractions. The findings indicate that digital tools can enhance students' autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which, according to Self-Determination Theory, promotes intrinsic motivation. At the same time, the importance of balancing digital and traditional methods is emphasized to support sustainable writing development. The study provides insights into how digital technology can be pedagogically integrated to meet diverse student needs and foster long-term writing proficiency
Alternativa finansieringslösningar för SME inom fastighetsbranschen : En kvalitativ studie om alternativa finansieringskällor med fokus på gräsrotsfinansiering
No full textIntroduction: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in the Swedish economy, particularly within the real estate sector, where many companies operate in a capital-intensive environment. Despite their significance, SME real estate companies face significant challenges in financing their operations and growth plans.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the financing challenges and opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within the Swedish real estate sector, with a particular focus on alternative financing methods such as crowdfunding.Method: Qualitative interviews and literature collection.Result: The result shows that there are several challenges linked to the financing of small and medium-sized companies, where transparency is a clear challenge that burdens the companies. At the same time, companies tend to choose traditional financing methods even though there is an interest in crowdfunding from both SMEs and financial institutions, which indicates opportunities for companies to diversify their opportunities.Conclusion: Digital developments can make it possible for small and medium-sized companies to mitigate the obstacles that arise in relation to increased resource requirements linked to transparency and enable alternative financing solutions
Från nattvandring till nätvandring : En kvalitativ studie om sociala medier som ökad riskfaktor för unga att dras in i gängkriminalitet
No full textSocial media is now an integral part of our society, bringing both benefits and challenges. This study examines the role of social media in the recruitment of young people into criminal networks. Through interviews and a survey study, we analyze how digital platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat facilitate access to young users by criminal networks. The findings show that social media not only normalizes and glorifies criminality but also increases youth exposure to criminal behaviors through algorithms that tailor content to their interests. In today’s digital society, social media is described by police and researchers as a new recruitment arena, where young people are drawn into gang culture and crime in ways that previously required physical presence. Platform algorithms create a feedback loop that amplifies interest in violence, drugs, and criminal symbols, making young users more susceptible to recruitment. The study also highlights the need for proactive measures such as digital patrols, information campaigns, and strengthened collaboration between schools, social services, and police to create a safer digital environment
How does using AI tools affect the process of writing, improving and debugging code in programming? : A qualitative study on AI tools and their impact on writing code, improving code and debugging code
No full textGenerative AI has developed at an intense pace in recent years, which has created even moreopportunities to use AI tools for work. The AI tools can create several different solutions in manydifferent fields, and this includes coding and programming.The purpose of this study is to investigate how AI tools are used to write code, improve code anddebug code when it comes to programming. The study was conducted using five semi-structuredinterviews and the results present the respondents thoughts, feelings and perspectives on howthey use AI tools in their work. The respondents all agreed that there were benefits to using AItools at work, but not everyone used them in the same way. The challenges that could be notedwere how rarely the tools created correct code that works.Generativ AI har utvecklats i en rasande takt de senaste åren, vilket har skapat ännu flermöjligheter med att använda AI-verktyg inom arbetet. AI-verktygen kan skapa flera olikalösningar inom många olika områden, och detta inkluderar kodning och programmering.Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur AI-verktyg används för att skriva kod, förbättra kodoch felsöka kod inom programmering. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av fem semistruktureradeintervjuer och resultatet presenterar respondenternas tankar, känslor och perspektiv på hur deanvänder AI-verktyg i sitt arbete. Respondenterna var alla överens om att det fanns fördelar medatt använda AI-verktyg i arbete, men alla använde de inte på samma sätt. De utmaningar somkunde noteras var hur sällan verktygen skapade korrekt kod som fungerar
“Vi har ju i generationer jobbat i motvind” : En etnologisk studie om romskt motstånd och orienteringar i enföränderlig tid
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate how one can orient oneself in everyday public spacesin contemporary Sweden with a romani identity. The existing literature on Roma identitiesand cultures depicts in different ways discrimination and marginalization of this minority.However, there is a lack of literature on the phenomenon of resilience and resistance to thismarginalization. Through ethnographic methods such as interviews, this qualitative researchpaper has tried to contribute to filling this knowledge gap. A phenomenological andpostcolonial framework has been used to try to place the experiences of the interviewees in alarger picture and understanding. An important observation is the strong sense of who one isand one's Roma identity, as well as how one wants to write the script of one's life. Resistancepractices is the red thread among the interviewees and an important part of the paper'sfindings. The resistance that is strongly present in the everyday life of the intervieweesconstitutes a "normalized" practice. As "unhomed", they constantly resist and strive to feel athome without abandoning their Roma identity
Riskhantering i nordiska banker under Corona Pandemin : En kvantitativ studie av förändringar i kreditrisk och likviditetsrisk
No full textDenna studie undersöker hur nordiska banker anpassade sina riskhanteringsstrategier som svar på COVID-19-pandemin, med särskilt fokus på Swedbank (Sverige), DNB (Norge) och Danske Bank (Danmark) under perioden 2017–2023. Analysen fokuserar på bankernas hantering av kreditrisk, likviditetsrisk och kapitaltäckning i en ekonomisk miljö präglad av osäkerhet och förändrade regulatoriska krav. Swedbank uppvisar en stabil, men tidvis volatil, kapitaltäckningsgrad, vilket indikerar medvetna insatser för att förstärka bankens finansiella motståndskraft under osäkra förhållanden. Trots vissa variationer i avsättningarna för kreditförluster hanterade banken dessa effektivt och upprätthöll en överlag konsekvent linje i sin kreditriskhantering. DNB uppvisade en hög och stabil kapitaltäckningsgrad, liksom en stabil skuldsättningsgrad, vilket återspeglar en konservativ och robust strategi för riskhantering. Även om DNB mötte variationer i sina kostnader för kreditförluster kunde banken hantera dessa effektivt med hjälp av omfattande finansiella buffertar. Danske Bank, som hade den lägsta kapitaltäckningsgraden av de tre bankerna, visade på en mer flexibel strategi för att hantera kreditförluster och anpassa sig till de ekonomiska utmaningarna. Under pandemin justerade samtliga tre banker sina strategier för att möta de ökade riskerna och de förändringar som skedde i den regulatoriska miljön. Swedbank prioriterade att stärka sin likviditet genom att öka sina innehav av högkvalitativa likvida tillgångar (HQLA), emittera långfristiga skulder och säkerställa att dess likviditetstäckningsgrad (LCR) låg över regulatoriska krav. DNB bibehöll en balanserad likviditetsposition och stabil finansiering genom att anpassa sig till centralbankens policyförändringar, samtidigt som banken upprätthöll en positiv netto stabil finansieringsgrad (NSFR). Danske Bank förbättrade sin likviditet genom att stärka både LCR och NSFR, vilket demonstrerar bankens förmåga att hantera likviditetens utmaningar med hjälp av en stark finansieringsbas. Skillnaderna i bankernas avkastning på eget kapital (ROE) och avkastning på genomsnittliga tillgångar (ROAA) illustrerar deras varierande strategier för riskhantering. Swedbank, med högre riskexponering, uppnådde den högsta lönsamheten men uppvisade också större volatilitet. DNB:s stabila ROE och ROAA indikerar en mer konservativ strategi som framgångsrikt balanserade risk och avkastning. Danske Bank redovisade en stabil, men relativt sett lägre, lönsamhet, vilket speglar bankens mer försiktiga strategi för kapitalallokering.This thesis explores how Nordic banks adjusted their risk management strategies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on Swedbank (Sweden), DNB (Norway), and Danske Bank (Denmark) during the period 2017–2023. The study analyzes the banks' approaches to managing credit risk, liquidity risk, and capital adequacy in an environment of increased economic uncertainty. Swedbank exhibited a stable yet occasionally volatile capital adequacy ratio, suggesting deliberate measures to strengthen its financial position during uncertain times. The bank managed credit losses effectively, maintaining consistency despite some variation in credit loss provisions. DNB maintained a high and steady capital adequacy ratio alongside a stable leverage ratio, reflecting a conservative and robust risk management approach. While DNB experienced greater fluctuations in credit loss costs, these were effectively mitigated by its strong financial buffers. Danske Bank, with the lowest capital adequacy of the three, employed a flexible approach to managing credit losses and adapting to economic challenges. During the pandemic, all three banks revised their strategies to tackle heightened risks and regulatory changes. Swedbank prioritized high-quality liquid assets (HQLA), bolstered its liquidity through long-term debt issuance, and ensured its liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) exceeded regulatory requirements. DNB concentrated on maintaining a balanced liquidity position and stable funding, adjusting to central bank policies while preserving a positive net stable funding ratio (NSFR). Danske Bank enhanced its LCR and NSFR, demonstrating readiness to address liquidity challenges through a strong funding base. Differences in the banks' return on equity (ROE) and return on average assets (ROAA) illustrate their distinct risk management approaches. Swedbank, with higher risk exposure, achieved the highest profitability but also faced greater volatility. DNB’s consistent ROE and ROAA point to a more conservative and stable strategy, balancing risk and returns effectively. Danske Bank, with a more cautious approach to capital allocation, recorded steady but lower profitability. In summary, Swedbank focused on credit risk and maintaining high capital adequacy, DNB prioritized liquidity risk and financial stability, while Danske Bank adopted a flexible approach to address external economic pressures. This comparative analysis sheds light on the adaptive strategies employed by Nordic banks during the pandemic and their impact on financial resilience and stability
Problematizing profession, participation and policies : a case study of a library lab
No full textMot en bakgrund av folkbibliotekens förnyelseprojekt och samtida biblioteksutveckling, där professionens kompetenser och kärnvärden samspelar med en uttalad anpassning efter användarnas behov, ämnar denna fallstudie utforskaBiblioteklabbet i Liljeholmen, en del av Stockholms stadsbibliotek, vilket är ett projekt som ska leda till öppningenav ett nytt ”nodbibliotek”. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilken syn på bibliotekarieprofessionen och användarnas delaktighet som kan identifieras genom hur Bibliotekslabbet beskrivs i extern kommunikation och internastyrdokument, samt på vilket sätt detta kan förstås ur ett diskursanalytiskt perspektiv. Det empiriska materialet bestårav intervjuer i media, styrdokument samt kommunikationsmaterial såsom social media. I resultatdelen kategoriserasdet empiriska materialets mest framträdande element till fem teman: framtidens bibliotek; användarfokus och UX;innovation och experiment; medskapande och dialog; samt kommersiell anpassning. Analysen genomförs genomCarol Bacchis diskursanalytiska ansats “What’s the problem represented to be?”, som utgör både studiens teori ochanalysmetod. Den diskursanalytiska ansatsen syftar till att granska underliggande antaganden och problemrepresentationer, samt vad som lämnas oproblematiserat, i ett textmaterial; att göra det implicita explicit. Studiens slutsatservisar att användarnas önskemål är vägledande och dominerande medan professionens kompetenser och professionella kärnvärden i stor uträckning inte uttrycks, bibliotekariens roll är istället att infria användarnas önskemål, attmöta efterfrågan med utbud. Utan en egen agens att styra mot ett professionellt uppdrag, vilket leder till ett osynliggörande av bibliotekarieprofessionen, om än potentiellt omedvetet. Against a backdrop of an ongoing renewal project for public libraries and contemporary library development, inSweden and internationally, where skills and core values of the profession interact with an adaptation to users' needs,this case study aims to explore Bibliotekslabbet (”The Library Lab”) in Liljeholmen, a suburban area in Stockholm.Bibliotekslabbet is a part of the municipal public library organization in Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden. It isa project that is meant lead to the opening of a new “node library”. The purpose of the thesis is to examine views ofboth the librarian profession and users' participation that can be identified in external communication and internalgoverning, policy documents and how this can be understood from a discourse-analytic perspective. The empiricalmaterial consists of media interviews, governing documents and communication materials such as social media. Inthe results section, the most prominent elements of the empirical material are categorized into five themes: the libraryof the future; user focus and UX; innovation and experimentation; co-creation and dialogue; and commercial adaptation. The analysis was conducted using Carol Bacchi's discourse-analytic approach, “What’s the problem represented to be?”, which forms both the study's theory and analysis method. The study's conclusions show that users'wishes are guiding and dominant, while skills and core values of the profession are not clearly expressed. The librarian's role is instead to fulfill users' desires, to meet demand with supply. The labbing is done seemingly withoutan independent agency steering towards a professional mission, which leads to the invisibility of the librarian profession, albeit potentially unconsciously
En seger för livet eller ett dystopiskt helvete? : Amerikanska nyhetsmediers framställning av abortfrågan efter upphävandet av rätten till fri abort
No full textDetta är en kvalitativ studie med syftet att undersöka hur abortfrågan framställs i amerikanska nyhetsmedier efter upphävandet av rätten till fri abort i USA. Fokuset har lagts vid att urskilja vilka argument som lyfts fram, vilka språkliga strategier som används samt vilka likheter och skillnader artiklarna visar i sin representation av abortfrågan. Detta har undersökts genom en kritisk diskursanalys av fyra nyhetsartiklar som analyserats med stöd från diskursteori. För att urskilja så tydliga skillnader som möjligt har artiklar från respektive sida av det politiska fältet analyserats - två från en av de mest liberala (The Nation) och två från en av de mest konservativa (Fox News). Resultatet visar att de liberala nyhetsmedierna tenderar att rama in abort som en fråga som berör mänskliga rättigheter och kvinnors rätt till självbestämmande, och lyfter fram konsekvenser av abortförbud, däribland hälso- och långsiktiga socioekonomiska effekter. De konservativa nyhetsmedierna tenderar istället att rama in abort som en fråga som handlar om fostrets rätt till liv och betonar alternativa lösningar som adoption eller andra resurser via graviditetscenter. De konservativa skribenterna betonar personliga, emotionella och religiösa argument medan de liberala skribenterna gestaltar emotionella, juridiska och ekonomiska argument. Båda sidor använder liknande strategier för att förstärka sin argumentation och framställa den andra sidan som omoralisk. Studien bidrar till en ökad förståelse för diskursen kring abort i en tid efter upphävandet av aborträtten i USA och föreslår vidare forskning som inkluderar analys av visuella representationer av abortfrågan och egna perspektiv från kvinnor som genomgått abort