Södertörns högskolas Publications
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Referenshantering i gymnasieskolan – undervisning för skrivutveckling och diskursiv flexibilitet
No full textI artikeln beskrivs hur undervisning kan möjliggöra att gymnasielever lär sig att använda källor för att föra välgrundade och transparenta resonemang i utredande texter. Syftet med artikeln var att identifiera kritiska aspekter för sådant lärande samt hur undervisning kan designas för att synliggöra dessa. Två lärare och en forskare planerade, genomförde och analyserade undervis-ning i referenshantering tillsammans i tre olika klasser inom ramen för en learning study. Utifrån analyser av elevers referenshantering före och efter forskningslektionerna, tillsammans med en variationsteoretisk analys av under-visningen identifierades sex aspekter som kritiska för att eleverna skulle kunna använda källor på det mest utvecklade sättet. De behövde exempelvis urskilja att referenshantering följer kontextuella normer vad gäller hur referenserna utformas och hur transparens mellan röster skapas. Utifrån detta diskuteras bland annat vikten av att synliggöra skrivnormer i det egna ämnet hur lärare kan undervisa i diskursiv flexibilitet för att hjälpa elever navigera mellan skriv-normer i olika ämnen.The article describes how teaching can enable upper-secondary school stu-dents to learn referencing skills to make informed and transparent reasoning in investigative texts. The aim of the article was to identify critical aspects for such learning and how teaching can be designed to make these visible. Two teachers and a researcher planned, implemented and analysed writing instruc-tion together in three different classes within the framework of a learning study. Based on analyses of students' referencing before and after the research lessons, together with a variation theory analysis of the teaching, six aspects were identified as critical for students to be able to use sources in the most de-veloped way. For example, they needed to recognise that referencing follows contextual norms. The results are discussed, among other things, in terms of the importance of teaching discursive flexibility to help students navigate between writing norms in different subjects
“Men vad ska jag göra? Jag måste säga sanningen” : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om behandlingsassistenters syn på deras arbete vid SiS-institutioner
No full textFor a long period of time, both media and authorities have criticized the youth care provided by the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care (Statens institutionsstyrelse, SiS). The criticism has primarily been directed at the lack of security, the low level of education among staff, and the substandard care at SiS facilities. The purpose of this thesis was to examine treatment assistants’ perspectives on their professional roles, as well as their views on the current situation at SiS facilities in relation to the criticism directed at SiS. The study used a qualitative method, where five respondents with previous and current experience working at SiS facilities were interviewed. The study applied thematic content analysis to analyze the collected data, resulting in three main themes: Care or containment, work environment, and competence and approach. The results were analyzed using three theories: Goffman’s theory of Total Institutions, Lipsky’s theory of Street-Level Bureaucrats with a focus on discretion, and Benner’s theory of competence development. The findings highlight that the staff agrees with the criticism directed at SiS facilities. They believe that the facilities face significant issues with the work environment, that the care provided is substandard and more resembles containment, and that the staff lacks proper interaction skills and has low education levels at SiS facilities. The study's final conclusion is that there is a sense of hopelessness among the staff due to the current deficiencies in SiS operations, and that substantial changes are needed.
Violence and Warfare in Social Context : Archaeological and Historical Studies
No full textWar is often viewed through the lens of strategy, statecraft, and technological progress. However, both war and violence in general are deeply rooted in social and cultural frameworks. From Mesolithic conflicts to Early Modern naval warfare, this interdisciplinary anthology explores the practice and perception of various forms of violence in past societies, revealing patterns that prompt reflection on modern assumptions about war. Blending insights from Conflict Archaeology and War Studies, the work underscores the critical value of material culture in understanding the complexities of warfare, both theoretically and methodologically. For Conflict Archaeology and war scholars, this work advances a perspective that situates violence and warfare within broader social and cultural contexts, emphasizing that war is more than just tactics and technology – it is a social reality embedded in both human action and material culture
Geopolitikens irrvägar : Kjelléns eftermäle i världen
No full textThe stray ways of geopolitics. Rudolf Kjellén’s posthumous world-wide reputation.The text is an overview and analysis of how Kjellén’s concept of geopolitics has beeninterpreted and valued. After his death in 1922, Kjellén’s repute grew in Germanythrough the translations of his The State as a form of life and the last version ofThe Great Powers with Karl Haushofer’s revisions using Kjellén’s name. With theNazi take-over Kjellén’s legacy waned but was kept alive by geographers in Estonia,Denmark and Switzerland.After World War II, two scholars, Grabowsky and Kristof, both in 1960, publishedreviews of Kjellén’s work, explaining his world view and freeing him from allegationsof being a proto-Nazi. In Scandinavia and Finland his ideas were only occasionallymentioned.With the resurgence of geopolitics, Kjellén has been cited and evaluated indiverse ways. In Russia, Central Europe and Latin America Kjellén has for better orfor worse been mentioned as giving the state a wider role beyond its constitution,including that of performing geopolitics. In the English-speaking world Kjellén has,with some remarkable exceptions, only been given a short reference as the creatorof the concept of geopolitics, often misinterpreted as something fundamentallyaggressive, territorial states fighting for power
An alternative open science framework
No full textPurpose – The article uses the Marxist base/superstructure model to frame the current dominant form of open science (OS), presenting a critical analysis drawing on policy documents, empirical examples, and mainstream and critical research. The argument focuses on how the project understands its relation to openness, society, science and information and communication technologies (ICTs). Theoretical concepts as openness ideology, cognitive and academic capitalism, and agonistic pluralism, are used for the analysis and development of an alternative OS framework. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual analysis and ideology critique of OS is conducted within a general Marxist framework. In a subsequent step an alternative form of OS is developed with the help of Chantal Mouffe’s theoretical concept agonistic pluralism. The article’s argument is structured by 4 propositions and 2 proposals. Findings – The current dominant OS framework naturalises commercial enclosures in relation to applied science/open innovation and displays a socially fragmented character in relation to citizen science (CS). This aligns with the openness ideology that downplays the social effect of enclosures related to data, information and knowledge. OS’s focus on standardised applied science accommodates social sciences and humanities under natural sciences’ umbrella. The critique of which, leads to the argument for a political OS, connected to social movements. This alternative is developed around Mouffe’s concept of agonistic pluralism and could counteract the commodification of academia and reinvigorate it with diverse forms of applied research. Originality/value – The article delivers a critical and systematic analysis founded in the Marxist base/superstructure model that frames and combines conceptual elements rarely combined in Library and Information Science’s STS-oriented literature. It problematises the conditions for scholarly research under capitalism’s current cognitive phase and identifies positive potentialities that hitherto have eluded the attention from the wider international Library and Information Science community. Through this, the article contributes to a discussion about what kind of (open) science society needs
Att kombinera Metanarrativ med IndexicalStorytelling: Hur påverkar det spelaren?
No full textThis study examines how indexical storytelling, compared to meta-narratives, affects theplayer in terms of the themes narrative interpretation, immersion and self-reflection. Thestudy includes a design project, the creation of a video game with two separate versions, thatwas used to examine these topics. The first version had indexical storytelling, and the secondhad a combination of indexical storytelling and a meta-narrative. Interviews were held withfive participants playing the video game version with indexical storytelling, and fiveparticipants playing the other version with a meta-narrative added. The methods used in thisstudy were in-depth interviews and thematic analysis. The analysis results were discussedbased on the main themes of the study, consisting of narrative interpretation, immersion andself-reflection in each version of the game. The purpose of the study was to identify factorsthat may influence immersion and self-reflection and give players a better insight into thenarrative in video games. The results indicate that both indexical storytelling on its own andtogether with a meta-narrative influenced players immersion, narrative interpretation andself-reflection, but self-reflection was further enhanced by the meta-narrative. It made theplayers reflect on their personal life through the game's character speaking about their life.This reflection was not as evident when only indexical storytelling was present in the game. Denna studie undersöker hur indexical storytelling, jämfört med metanarrativ, påverkarspelaren utifrån teman som narrativ tolkning, immersion och självreflektion. Studieninkluderar ett designprojekt där ett videospel skapades i två separata versioner för attundersöka dessa ämnen. Den första versionen använde indexical storytelling, medan denandra hade en kombination av indexical storytelling och ett metanarrativ. Studien inkluderarintervjuer med fem deltagare som spelade ett datorspel med indexical storytelling och femdeltagare som spelade ett liknande datorspel där ett metanarrativ hade lagts till. De metodersom användes i studien var djupintervjuer och tematisk analys. Analysens resultatdiskuterades utifrån studien huvudteman, som bestod av narrativ tolkning, immersion ochsjälvreflektion i respektive version av spelet. Syftet med studien var att identifiera faktorersom kan påverka immersion och självreflektion och ge spelare en bättre förståelse förnarrativet i datorspel. Resultaten indikerar att både indexical storytelling på egen hand och ikombination med ett metanarrativ påverkar spelarens immersion, självreflektion och narrativatolkning, men självreflektion stärktes ytterligare av metanarrativet. Det fick spelarna attreflektera över sina egna liv genom att spelets karaktär talade om sitt liv. Denna reflektion varinte lika framträdande när endast indexical storytelling var närvarande
Humanitarian action : A moral economic periodization of famine relief
No full textThe history of humanitarian efforts in times of famine and other emergencies has become a vibrant field of academic study, but there have been few attempts to delineate chronological patterns. This chapter seeks to contribute to a discussion by emphasizing societal factors (including culture, media structures, and economics) to a greater extent than research has hitherto. It illustrates its argument with three cases of famine relief in different periods, geographical locations, and political circumstances: the Great Irish Famine of the 1840s, the famine in Soviet Russia in 1921–1923, and the famine in Ethiopia in the mid-1980s. Through these examples, this research takes a fresh look at humanitarian appeals, the allocation of relief, and aid accounts through the concept of moral economy. This chapter identifies three distinct phases of humanitarian action, which are termed ad-hoc humanitarianism, organized humanitarianism, and expressive humanitarianism