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Proses Pengimbuhan Dalam Bahasa Berawan: Satu Kajian Morfologi
No full textThis study compares the affixation process between the Berawan language and Standard Malay. The focus is on the types of affixes in the Berawan language, such as prefixes, suffixes, circumfixes, and infixes, as well as their comparison with equivalent forms and functions in Standard Malay. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative research design, with data collected through interviews with five native Berawan speakers in Kampung Loagan Bunut,
Tinjar Baram. The data were analysed using content analysis methods based on the framework of Tatabahasa Dewan (Third Edition). Findings indicate that although there are similarities in the types of affixes used, the Berawan language possesses unique affixation characteristics that
differ in terms of structure and usage. This study is expected to contribute to the linguistic documentation of the Berawan language as a threatened ethnic language and serve as a foundation for efforts in cultural heritage preservation and further research in the field of ethnic
language morphology in Malaysia
Semantik Leksikal Dalam Bahasa Jawa: Satu Kajian Di Matang, Kuching, Sarawak
No full textThis study describes and analyses meaning relationships in the Javanese language spoken in Kampung Sungai Tengah Kolong 1, Kuching, Sarawak. As a cultural heritage, the language faces decline due to dominant language influence and interethnic marriage. Using Palmer’s (1989) framework, the study focuses on five lexical semantic elements: synonymy,
antonymy, hyponymy, polysemy, and homonymy. A qualitative method was employed, with data collected through interviews with native speakers. Analysis reveals rich, context-driven
variations of meaning in daily speech and highlights the influence of local culture on lexical structure. This study fills a gap in linguistic research on Javanese in Sarawak and contributes to minority language preservation. The findings are valuable for language education, linguistic
documentation, and cultural heritage efforts
Survey and first molecular characterization of Banana bunchy top virus infecting Musa spp. cv. Sabri in Bangladesh
No full textBanana bunchy top virus (BBTV) is a major viral pathogen in bananas, capable of causing up to 100% yield loss. This study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of BBTV in three major banana-growing districts – Rajshahi, Natore and Pabna – in Bangladesh. Field surveys revealed that BBTV was the most widespread viral disease, with a 62.7% infection rate in Musa sp. cv. Sabri. All six genomic components (DNA-R, -U3, -S, -M, -C, and -N) of BBTV were successfully amplified using gene-specific primers from isolates in all three districts. DNA sequencing of the Rajshahi isolates revealed 99.96–100% nucleotide identity with the corresponding genomic components of isolates from Natore and Pabna. BLASTn analysis revealed 92–98% nucleotide identity with known BBTV sequences, indicating a close relationship with Indian isolates. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the Rajshahi isolates belong to the South Pacific group. The six primer sets used in this study proved effective for BBTV detection and are suitable for indexing virus-free tissue culture banana seedlings. This is the first molecular confirmation of BBTV infection in the Sabri cultivar in Bangladesh, underscoring a significant threat to regional banana production and the need for urgent management strategies
Fe/Zeolite Beads: An Innovative Strategy for Photocatalytic Degradation of N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone
No full textThe widespread occurrence of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in industrial effluents presents a notable environmental concern, primarily due to its persistent nature, toxicity, and resistance to conventional treatment techniques. This study explores the development and application of an innovative Fe/Zeolite bead catalyst designed for the effective photocatalytic degradation of NMP under visible light. The catalyst beads were produced by embedding Fe/Zeolite into a sodium alginate matrix, followed by crosslinking with epichlorohydrin to enhance their structural durability, hydrophilic properties, and mechanical integrity. Photocatalytic efficiency was examined under a range of operational parameters, including pH (3-11), catalyst loading (20–100 g L⁻¹), and initial NMP concentrations (20–100 mg L⁻¹). The optimal degradation conditions were identified at pH 7 with a catalyst dosage of 40 g L⁻¹ and an NMP concentration of 20 mg L⁻¹, achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 83.28% after 120 minutes of visible light irradiation. Kinetic analysis confirmed that the photodegradation process adhered to pseudo-first-order kinetics, consistent with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The reaction exhibited favourable kinetic parameters, indicating an effective interplay between adsorption affinity and surface reaction efficiency, with a reaction rate constant (KR) of 0.776 mg L⁻¹ h⁻¹ and a Langmuir Hinshelwood adsorption constant (KLH) of 0.026 L mg⁻¹. The catalyst beads demonstrated strong reusability, magnetic separability, and structural resilience, indicating their suitability for practical wastewater treatment applications. Overall, this work highlights the potential of magnetically recoverable Fe/Zeolite beads as a low-cost and sustainable solution for the elimination of organic contaminants from industrial wastewater stream
Modeling structure of inflation in Türkiye: DCC-GARCH and Markov switching model
No full textPurpose – Recent surges in inflation have posed significant challenges for Türkiye, with the annualinflation rate
culminating at 83.45% by the close of 2022. The purpose of the study is to take a closer look at the details behind the
rising inflation trend in Türkiye. Design/methodology/approach – Due to the time-varying nature of the relationship of the variables, dynamic conditional correlation-generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (DCC-GARCH) models and the Markov switching model are used as analytical tools. Leveraging the DCC methodology proposed by Tse and Tsui (2002), this study examined time-varying correlations, while the effect of the
weighted sum of past correlations was captured using the DCC-GARCH approach introduced by Engle (2002).
Findings – The findings from the DCC models highlight that the exchange rate plays the most pivotal role in
influencing inflation, closely followed by the money supply. In addition, the Markov switching analysis, rooted
in the Phillips curve concept, identified two statistically significant regimes. The results emphasize that components of the money supply and the exchange rate stand out as primary drivers of Türkiye’s heightened inflation rates. To promote sustainable development in Turkey, the Central Bank should focus on inflation targeting, managing the money supply to align with GDP growth and adopting adaptive inflation responses.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to use a combination
of the DCC and Markov switching models to examine Turkish inflation from December 2005 to October 2022, according to a thorough review of previous research. Such an innovative method provides a new perspective on inflationary patterns throughout this time. In addition, this study departs from traditional approaches by including money supply measures in the analysis
Analyzing the Competitiveness and Complementarity of the Tea Trade between China and Mekong River Basin Countries
No full textThis study examines the competitiveness and complementarity of the tea trade between China and Mekong River Basin countries (Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos) from 2014 to 2023. Using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, the Trade Complementarity Index (TCI), and the Trade Intensity Index (TII), the research assesses China’s position in the tea market of the region. The survey results indicate that China has maintained a strong comparative advantage in tea exports, occupying a dominant position in the region, but competition from Vietnam is particularly significant. China’s tea trade exhibits strong complementarity with Cambodia and Myanmar while maintaining close trade ties with Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand. Recent trade complementarity and trade intensity between China and the Mekong River Basin countries show a
steady upward trend, signaling increased alignment in bilateral trade. The study offers policy recommendations—adopting market-specific strategies, fostering regional cooperation, and optimizing product structures—to enhance China’s tea trade competitiveness
Analysis of the Competitiveness and Complementarity of China’s Tea Exports to Malaysia
No full textUsing trade data on China-Malaysia tea trade from 2015 to 2024, this study employs four key quantitative indices: the Market Share Index (MSI), Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA), Trade Complementarity Index (TCI), and Trade Intensity Index (TII), to evaluate the competitiveness and complementarity of China’s tea exports to Malaysia. The findings indicate that although the competitiveness of China’s tea exports increased with some fluctuations between 2015 and 2022, it experienced a relative decline from 2023 to 2024. In parallel, trade complementarity demonstrated a steady upward trend, indicating a continuously improving alignment in bilateral tea trade. Based on these outcomes, the study proposes policy recommendations focused on areas such as promoting supply-side reforms, improving distribution channels, enhancing brand image, and fostering cultural communication
UniTask: Task Management System for UNIMAS Students
No full textUniTask is a task management web application created for students at the University of Malaysia, Sarawak (UNIMAS). Unlike general task management tools, it is designed for a university setting. It includes features like group project management, schedule integration, and personalized reminders. The system focuses on multitasking and efficiency. It tracks deadlines and prioritizes tasks automatically. This gives students a simple way to handle coursework, assignments, and project deadlines. The development process involved engaging with UNIMAS students, including surveys and focus groups, to ensure the system meets their specific needs. Through employing Agile methodology, UniTask prototype was improved step by step using feedback from users, ensuring adaptability and ease of use. The system’s customization options allow students to align UniTask with their personal study habits and preferences, enhancing individual productivity. As a result, UniTask empowers students to organize academic tasks more efficiently, supports collaboration on group projects, and ultimately aims to improve academic performance by allowing for automated deadline tracking and task prioritization, establishing itself as an essential tool for success at UNIMAS
Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence among Medical Doctors in Sarawak: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour
No full textGenerative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is emerging as a transformative tool in Malaysia's healthcare sector, with applications ranging from diagnostics to patient care optimisation. Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to analyse its adoption among medical doctors reveals key drivers and barriers. Data was collected using purposive sampling among 306 medical doctors in primary healthcare settings across Sarawak, using self-administered questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) based on TPB revealed that attitude and perceived behavioural control (PBC) significantly predicted intention to use GenAI, while both intention and PBC had direct effect on actual use of GenAI
Review of variants of uncertain significance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a single-center multi-ethnic population experience
No full textBackground: Genetic testing is recommended by international guidelines for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). It is particularly valuable for relatives
who may benefit from predictive testing to assess their risk of developing HCM. Identifying likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants in genes associated with HCM enhances diagnostic confidence. However, variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) pose significant challenges for clinical counseling and management due to their unclear impact on health, limiting the clinical utility of genetic testing.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of VUSs in HCM patients and review their characteristics.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on VUSs identified in genes associated with HCM at the cardiogenetics clinic of single heart centre from 2020
to 2024. Results: Among 30 patients with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of HCM who underwent genetic testing, the findings included: 1 case turn out to be genocopies-
PRKAG2 syndrome, 6 patients with negative genetic findings, 5 patients with pathogenic variants identified, (TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYH7, ALPK3). VUSs were identified in 17 patients (58%), with some exhibiting polygenic patterns (2-3 variants per patient). A total of 22 distinct VUSs were identified, involving the following genes:MYOM1, CALR3, BAG3, LDB3, MYH7, ALPK3, JPH2, MYLK2, FLNC, MYH6, TCAP, MYBPC3, VCL, NEBL, and PDLIM3.
Conclusion: The high incidence of VUSs in HCM patients highlights the need for further evaluation of genetic findings to improve risk stratification and the
identification of family members at elevated risk. Continued reclassification efforts and enhanced genetic analysis techniques may enhance the clinical relevance of
genetic testing for HCM